US1127564A - Dynamo-electric machine. - Google Patents

Description

G. WINTER & F. EICHBERG.

O. WOLFRUM, ADMINISTRATOR OF G. WINTER, DEG'D.

DYNAMC ELECTRIC MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 9, 1912.

1,127,156%. Patented Feb 9,1915.

l i Y 6 ry /L@,My W

ITED srArEs PATENT oFFIC GABRIEL WINTER, DECEASED, BY OTTO WOLFRUM, ADMINISTRATOR, 0F VIENNA, AUSTRIA-HUNGARY, AND FRIEDRICH EICHBERG, OF BERLIN, GERMANY.

DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 9, 1915.

Original application filed June 11, 1902, Serial No. 111,180. Divided and this application filed January 9, 1912. Serial No. 670,164.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that O'r'ro WOLFRUM, residing at Vienna, Austria-Hungary, administrator of the estate of GABRIEL \VINTER, deceased, whose certificate of authority is recorded at page 433 of liber S 90 of Transtors of Patents, and FRIEDRICH EIGHRERG, a subject of'the Emperor of Austria-Hungary, residing at Berlin, in the Em ire of Germany, severally declare that t e late GA- BRIEL WINTER and the said FRIEDRICH EIcH- BERG have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Dynamo-Electric Machines, of which the following is a specification.

In an application for United States Letters Patent No. 111,180, filed June 11, 1902, by the said Gabriel Winter and Friedrich Eichberg, and which has resulted in United States Letters Patent No. 1,016,866, of February 6, 1912, there is described an alternating current motor of the commutator type in which the two members of the motor are provided with primary and secondary windings, respectively, arranged to produce a single magnetization along a fixed line constituting the working. axis, and there is added to the primary and secondary windings a third winding so arranged that the current in it produces a magnetic field having an axis-which makes, an angle with and is preferably displaced 90 electrical degrees from the said working axis. In that application it is pointed out that any desired speed within practicable limits can be provided by making variations in the difference between the potential supplied to the primary winding and the potential supplied to the secondary winding, and it is further pointed out that the speed is also dependent upon the strength and phase of the magnetic field produced by the third winding,

and that consequently by variation of these magnitudes a regulation can be produced. The claims of that application are directed particularly to the manner of regulation which consists in varying the relative magnitudes of the voltages applied to the primary and the secondary windings.

The object of the present application is to cover the manner of regulation which resides in varying the magnetic field produced by the third, or exciting, winding, in connectlon with variation of the relative magmtudes of the voltages applied to the primary and the secondary windings, to vary the speed.

For the purpose of completely disclosing the invention to those skilled in the art it will en ce to describe it as applied to two typical forms of machine illustrated in the aforesaid application in Figures 1 and 4 thereof. I

In the drawings of the present application, Fig. 1 corresponds to Fig. 1 of the said original application and shows a motor of thetype referred to in which the separate excitlng winding on the stator is subjected to the potential of an external regulable source, and means are also provided for varying the voltage impressed on the secondary terminals. Fig. 2 corresponds to Fig. 4 of the said original application and shows a motor of the type referred to in which the exciting winding is on the rotor and is combined with the working rotor win-ding.

In the example shown in Fig. 1, the exciting winding M is located on the stationary part, or stator, and is excited from an external source. The primary working winding P is subjected to the full potential E and the secondary working winding S to the variable potential E supplied through the brushes B and B on the segmental commutator. It will be observed that, as pointed out in the said original application, the alternating potential E impressed upon the primary winding will, since that winding is a working winding, setup therein an alternating current which will be substantially in phase with the impressed electro motive force. At the same time, there will be introduced into the secondary winding S by induction, an alternating electromotive force corresponding in value to the ratio of transformation between P and S and opposite in phase to the primary elcctromotive force. These two windings together have the effect to create along the working axisa' a: an alternating magnetic field the phase of which will be substantially 90 behind the current in P and 90 ahead of the current in 8. By means of the brushes B, B which rest substantially on the axis a: m of the machine, a variable counter-electromotive force may be impressed upon the secondary winding and the speed of the machine thus varied. As explained inv said original application, the condition of maximum torque is that the magnetic field of the windingM shall be substantially in phase with the working current in the rotor and since the winding M is an exciting winding this means that the'E. M. F. applied to its terminals should be substantially 90 out of phase with the'E. M. F. impressed upon the windings P and .S. The speed is also dependent upon the strength and phase of the magnetic field produced by thewinding M and consequently, by variation of these magnitudes, a further regulation can be produced. The most convenient way of accomplishing this result is to vary the current in the winding M as suggested in said original application though other ways of effecting such variation were within the knowledge of those skilled in the art as it existed at the time of filing said application and are within the scope of the V appended claims. The desired variation current may evidently be effected by varying the potential e impressed on the terminals of wind- .ing M.

In the case of Fig. 2, the primary winding P is on the stator, and the rotor carries the secondary winding S and the exciting winding M, which is combined with S. The brushes B and 13 on the line :r 00 are arranged to, have impressed upon them a variable connter-electromotiveforce E as in the case of Fig. 1, whereas theconstant potential E is impressed on the terminals of 1 the winding P, which are also on the line a: m. 'The excitmg winding M has, as m Fig. 1, a potential e impressed upon its terminals from an external source, and this is effected by means of the brushes ]3 13* bearing on the commutator on the axis 3 3 that his substantially 9'0 electrical degrees from the axis 00 m. In this case the speed regulation may be effected, as in Fig. 1, by regulating either the potential E impressed upon the terminals of the secondary Windings' S, or the potential 6 impressed upon the {terminals of the exciting winding M, or

Machines constructed in accordance with the invention can be used as generators, because upon excitation through the magnetic field of any given strength an electromotive force must in all cases arise at the rotating armature and this electromotive force, quite independently of the number of revolutions of the rotor, is equal in phase and periodicity with the magnet field, and variations in stated, inclined to one another at an angle of 90 divided by half the number of poles, or 90 electrical degrees.

The windings on the stator are herein shown as ring windings, but it must be generated elecunderstood that all known and suitable open or closed windings can be used. The windings on the rotor are shown also as ring windings but all suitable closed windings such as are used for continuous currents and with segmental commutators can be used.

In this application no claims are presented which broadly cover the idea of varying the magnetization to vary the speed, because that idea is covered in the claims of the applants oo-pending application, Ser. No. (370,163, filed January 9, 1912.

What we claim is:

1. An alternating current machine of the commutator type having windings on the rotor and stator adapted to magnetize said machine in one direction, in combination with means for supplying to said windings voltages of relatively varying magnitudes, and means for creating a variable magnetization of said machine in a direction at an v angle to the first direction.

2. An alternating current machine of the commutator type having windings on the rotor and stator adapted to magnetize said machine in one direction, in combination with means for supplying to said windings voltages of relatively varying magnitudes and means for creating a variable magnetization of said machine in a direction at an angle to the first direction and approximately in phase with the rotor working current.

3. An alternating current machine of the commutator type having means for supplying to adjacent points on both rotor and stator voltages of relatively varying magnitudes, and means for supplying at other points of one of the members magnetizing currents of variable strength.

4. An alternating current machine of the commutator type having means for supplying to adjacent points on both rotor and stator voltages of relatively varying magnitudes, and means for supplying at other points on one of the members magnetizing currents of variable strength and of such phase as to produce a magnetic field approximately in phase with the rotor worka commutator type having means for producing in the machine an alternating magnetic field, means for impressing on one member a variable voltage opposing the electromo tive force induced by said field, and means for producing a field of variable strength at an angle to the first.

6. An alternating current machine of the commutator type having means for producing in the machine an alternating magnetic field, means for impressing on one member a variable voltage opposing the electromotive force induced by said field, and means for producing a field of variable strength at an angle to the first and approximately in phase with the current induced by the first named alternating field.

In testimony whereof we afiix our signatures in the presence of two witnesses.

OTTO WOLFRUM,

Administrator of the estate of Gabriel Winter, deceased.

FRIEDRICH EICHBERG.

Images