US1125936A

US1125936A - Electric safety appliance.

Info

Publication number: US1125936A
Application number: US74411513A
Authority: US
Inventors: Charles A Benedict
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1913-01-25
Filing date: 1913-01-25
Publication date: 1915-01-26
Anticipated expiration: 1932-01-26

Description

C. A. BENEDICT.

ELECTRIC SAFETY APPLIANCE.

APPLIOATIOH FILED JAN. 25, 1913.

Patented Ja11.26, 1915.

2 SHEETS-BHEBT l.

WITNESSES G. A. BENEDICT. ELECTRIC SAFETY APPLIANCE.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 25, 1913.

Patented Jan. 26, 1915.

' 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

} INVENfOR & ,fivAttomey WITNESSES CHARLES A. snnnmo'r, or BELLVALE, New YORK.

Specification of Letters Patent.

ELECTRIC SAFETY APPLIANCE.

Patented Jan; 2'6; 1915'.

Application filed January 25, 1913. Serial No. 744,115.

1 b all whom it may concern:

ie it known that I, CHARLES A. BENEDiCT, a citizen of the United States, residing at iellvale, in the county of Orange and State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Electric Safety Appliances, of which the following is a specification. V r

My present invention relates to electrlc safety appliances particularly adapted for use with apparatus. such as telephones, arranged for low-tension currents, whereby they are prevented from injury by a current of dynamic electricity of abnormal strength. or static electricity conducted by connections in operative relation to such apparatus.

The principal objects of my invention are to provide an apparatus of the character de scribed which will permit the static electricity to jump or bridge certain conductors remote from the apparatus protected, and

'to provide means whereby currents of abnormal strength are shunted from such apparatus. but the main conductors brought into operative relation to the apparatus after the strength of the abnormal current subsides. v

Other objects of my invention will appear in the following detailed description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings,, foi'ming a part of this specification, innvhich drawings: H

Figure 1 is a plan View constructed according to my invention. Fig. 2 is a s de elevation of the same. Fig. 3 is an end elevation of the same. In the drawings where simil'ar'characters refer to similar parts, A designates a suitable base ofinsulating material, carrying main line conductors B and C, which in the example shown are in the form of binding posts. Gap providing means D is disposed int'eriiiedia'te' conductors B and C for controlling static electricity. This means D may include suitable standards} and 5 mounted upon base A and carrying coaxial conductors 6 and 7, respectively. In the example shown the conductors are in the form of set screws having threaded engagement with the standards and adapted to be manipulated through heads 8. to adjust them .for the provision of a gap 9 of the desired length. Conductor B is suitably connected \vithst'a'ndard 4 by conductor 10, w ile conductor C is suit-ably connected. wit" standaid 5 through conductor 11, both conductors 10 and 11 being embedded in or carried bybase A. v

The, conductors for the leads of the apparatusto be protected are designated by E and Fancl in the example shown are also in the form of binding posts carried by base A. In operative relation to means I) and conductors andF, provide mechanism (r I for control of currents of abnormal strength. This mechanism G includes a circuit breaker 12 one point 13 of which is conductively connected with conductor E as through wire 1%, while the other point 15, which, in the example shown, is in the form of, an armature, is conductively connected with a standard 16 as through a wire 17.

In order to conductively connectstandard 1G with one of the main line conductors, the current must traverse a fine threadlike conductor 18 one end of which is adiustably connected to the standard as by set screw 19. This conductor 18 controls theposition of an oscill atable lever 20, carried by framework 21 and operatively connected with main conductor B as through Wire 22, by ha vi'ng its other end rigidly connected with said lever remote from its pivot point. As disclosed in the drawings, lever 20 has trunnion-like extensions 23 one of which rests in a step-bearing 24 and the other is carried by, a set screw 25 passing through frame 21. It is tobe noted that conductor C is in condpcting communication with conductor F through wire., 26 andthat the circuit breaker 12 includes a set screw 27', carried by element 13, and normally contacting with point or armature 15. Thus, a current of normal strength, is. conducted successively through conductor B, standard 4, wire 22,

step-bearing 24, lever. 20, conductor 18. standard 16, wire 17, circuit breaker 12, and wire H to conductor E. From this latter conductor the current passes throughthe apparatus protected to conductor F, through wire 26 and on through conductor C. v

In operative relation to armature l 5 ,is disposed the core 28 of an electro-magnet 29 which also has a core extension 30 opposite from theextension of core 28. The lever 20 carries a contact 31 and an armature 32, the latterof which is for coacti-on with core extension 30. For coaction with contact 31 is an adjustable contact 33 car; ried by, standard 34:, this contact 33 being in conducting relation with the coil ofelectip-magnet 29 as through wire 35. The 0pposite end of the coil of this electro-magnet is in communication with conductor C as so that these elements do not engage when the appliance isinactive, or when a current of normal strength is being conducted by this thread-like conductor. The means 37 may include a standard 38mounted upon base A, a set screw 39 adjustably carried by said standard, and atension spring 40.

operatively connecting the set screw and lever 20.

The operation of the appliance is as follows :-Should either conductor B or C carry static electricity, the same bridges or jumps from one of the conductors 67 to the other, seeking the path of least resist- Should a current of abnormal strength enter the appliance, when first passing through thread-like conductor, it will heat the same, causing it to elongate and permit contact 31 to engage contact 33. Immediately the current is shunted and passes through the ele'ctro-magnet drawmg armature 15 toward core 28. This action breaks the circuit at device 12 and the-current passes on through conductor C. It s to be noted that while the electro-magnet is energized the armature 32 will be 'held in contact with coreextension 30 holding contacts 31 and 33 in engagement, Inasmuch as the current is no longer conducted through element 18, the same cools and contracts to some extent. Any suitable means may be provided to compensate for this contraction, such as constructing the lever 20 of yieldable material. As soon as the strength of the current subsides the tension of conductor 18 is such as to withdraw armature 32 from core extension 30 and the circuit is broken between

conductors

31 and 32. This action permits armature 15 to return to a normal position completing the circuit through conductor 18 and wires 14 and 17.

'Changes in details may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of my invention; but,

I claim 1. In an electric safety appliance, the

ing contact only when said conductor is so expanded; means for connecting the other point of said circuit breaker with the'apparatus to be protected; and, means for connecting the other lead of said electromagnetic means with the other of the main conductors, substantially as and for the purpose set forth. I

2. In an electric safety appliance, the combination with two main conductors, of a circuit breaker having two points normally in engagement, one of which points being constructed to serve as an armature; an electro-magnet having its core in operative relation to the said armature points of said circuit breaker; two contacts, one of which is in conducting communication with one of the leads of the coil of said electromagnet; a movable member carrying the other of said contacts; a conductor for communication with one of the main conductors, expansible to a material degree when carrying a current of abnormal strength, in conducting relation to one of the points of said circuit breaker and the said contact of said movable member, and operatively connected with the latter to permit the said contact carried thereby to engage its coacting contact only when said conductor is so expanded; means for connecting the other poi-Tat of said circuit breaker with the apparatus to be protected; and, means for connecting the other lead of said electro-mag- 8 net with the other of the main conductors, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. In an electric safety appliance, the combination with two main conductors, of a circuit breaker having two points normally in engagement; electro-magnetie means adapted to break the engagement of the points of circuit breaker when energized; two contacts, one of which is in conducting communication with one of the leads of the coil of said electro-magnetic means; a movable member carrying the other of said contacts; aconductor for communication with one of the main conductors, expansible to a material degree when carrying a current of abnormal strength, in conducting relation to one of the points of said circuit breaker and the said contact of said movable member, and operatively connected with the latter to per mit the said contact carried thereby to engage its coacting contact only when said conductor is so expanded; means for connecting the other point of said circuit breaker with the apparatus to be'protected; means for eonnecting'the other lead of said electromagnetic means with the other of the main conductors; and. means for retaining s'aid movable member with the said two contacts'enga'ging when said electro-' magnet is energized by a current of abnormal strength, substantially as'and forthe purpose set forth.

4. In an electric safety appliance, the combination with two main conductors, of a circuit breaker having two points normally in engagement; electro-ma'gnetic means adapted to break'the engagement of the points or circuit breaker when energized; two contacts, one of which is incon-' ducting communication with one of the leads of the coil of said electro-magnetic means; a movable member carryin the other of said contacts; a conductor or communication with one of the main conductors, ex-

pansible to a material degree when carrying a current of abnormal strength, in conducting relation to one of the pomts of said circuit breaker and the said contact of said movable member, and operatively connected with the latter to permit the said contact carried thereby to engage its coacting contact only when said conductor is so expanded; means for connectin the other point of said circuit breaker wit the apparatus to be protected; means for connecting the other lead of said electro-magnetic means with the a other of the main conductors; and, means for retaining said movable member with said two contacts engaging when a current of abnormal strength is bein conducted thereby, substantially as and or the purpose set forth.

5. In an electric safet appliance, the

combination with two main conductors, of

a circuit breaker having two points normally in engagement; electro -magnetic means adapted to break the engagement of the said oints of said circuit breaker when energize two contacts, one of which is in conducting communication with one of the leads of the coil of said electro-magnetic means; a movable member carrying the other of said contacts; a conductor for communication with one of the main conductors, expansible to a material degree when carrying a current of abnormal strength, in conducting relation to one of the points of said circuit breaker and the said contact of said movable member, and operatively connected. with the latter to permit the said contact carried thereby to engage its coacting con tact only when said conductor is so expanded; means for connecting the other point of said circuit breaker with the apparatus to be protected; means for coiinecting the other lead of said electromagnetic means with thother of the main conductors; and, an armature operatively connected with said movable member for coactionwith the core of said electro magnet to retain the said two conductors in engagement when said elcctro-magnbt is energizedby a current of abnormal'strength, substantially as and for the purpose set-forth.

6. In an electric safety appliance, the combination with two main conductors, of a circuit breaker having two points normally in engagement; electromagnetic means adapted to break the engagement of thesaid' points of said circuit breaker when energized; two contacts; one of which is in conducting communication with one of the leads of the coil of said electro inagnetic ineansf a movable member carrying the other of said contacts; a conductor for communication with one ofthe main conductors, expansible to a material degree when carrying a current of abnormal strength, in conducting relation to one of the points of said circuit breaker and the said contact of said movable member, and operatively connected with the latter to permit the said contact carried thereby to engage its coacting contact only when said conductor is so expanded; means for connecting the other point of said circuit breaker with the apparatus to be protected; means for connecting the other lead of said electro-magnetic means with the other of the main conductors; and, an armature carried by said movable member for coaction with the core of said electromagnet to retain the said two conductors inengagement when said electro magnet is energized by a current of abnormal strength.

7. Inan electric safety appliance, the combination of two main conductors, a circuit breaker having two points normally in engagement; electro-magnetic means adapted to break the engagement of said point of said circuit breaker when energized; two contacts, one of which is in conducting communication with one of the leads of the coil of said electro-magnetic means; an oscillatable lever carrying the other of said contacts; a thread-like conductor in conducting communication with one of said main conductors, expansible to a material degree when carrying a current of abnormal strength, said thread-like conductor having connection intermediate said lever and a stationary point and in conducting relation to one point of said circuitbreaker, and being tensioned to permit movement of said lever for engagement of the said two contacts only when so expanded; means for connecting the other point of said circuit breaker with the apparatus to be protected; and, means for connecting the other lead of the coil of said electro-magnetic means with the other of said main conductors, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

8. In an electric safety appliance, combination with two main conductors, of a circuit breakerharing two points normally in engagement; electromagnetic means adapted to break the circuit through said circuit breaker When energized; two contacts, niunication with one of the leads of the coil of 7 said electromagnetic means; an oscillatable lever carrying the other of saidcontacts; a thread-like conductor for communication with' one of said main conductors, expansible to a material degree When carrying a current of abnormal strength, said threadlike conductor having adjustahle'connections the one of which is in conducting com-,

intermediate said lever and a stationary po nt and in conducting relatlon to one point of sa1d clrcult breaker, and being tensioned to permit movement of said lever 'or engagement oi the said two contacts only when so expanded; means for connecting the other point of said circuit breaker with the apparatus to be protected; and,

means for connecting the other lead of said electromagnetic ,means with the other of said main conductors, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.