US1124022A

US1124022A - Ignition for multiple-cylinder combustion-engines having irregular order of ignition.

Info

Publication number: US1124022A
Application number: US58400410A
Authority: US
Inventors: Gottlob Honold
Original assignee: Robert Bosch GmbH
Current assignee: Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date: 1910-09-27
Filing date: 1910-09-27
Publication date: 1915-01-05
Anticipated expiration: 1932-01-05

Description

G.HONOLD. IGNITION FOR MULTIPLE OYLINDER COMBUSTION ENGINES HAVING IRREGULAR ORDER OF IGNITION.

APPLIGATION FILED SEPT. 27. 1910.

Patented J an. 5, 1915.

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I G. HONOLD. IGNITION'PQB. MULTIPLE CYLINDER COMBUSTION ENGINES HAVING IRREGULAR ORDER OF IGNITION.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT.27| 1910.

Patented Jan. 5, 1915.

5 SHEETSSHBET 2.

GJIONOLD. IGNITION FOR MULTIPLE CYLINDER COMBUSTION ENGINES HAVING IRREGULAR ORDER 0F IGNITION.

a APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 27. 1910. gz gggg v Patented Jan. 5, 11915.

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G. HONOLD. I IGNITION FOR MULTIPLE CYLINDER COMBUSTION ENGINES HAVING IRREGULAR ORDER OF IGNITION.

0N FILED lgg flgg Patented Jan. 5, 1915.

5 SHEETs-SHEBT 4.

. G. 1101mm IGNITION FOR MULTIPLE CYLINDER COMBUSTION ENGINES HAVING IRREGULAR ORDER OF IGNITION.-

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 27. 1910.

Patented Jan. 5, 1915.

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BOSCH, or s'ru'rreanr, GERMANY.

IGNITION FOR MULTIPLE-CYLINDER COMBUSTION-ENGINES HAVING IRREGULAR I ORDER OF IGNITION.

Specification of-Lettersklatent.

Patented Jan. '5, 1915.

v Application filed September 27, 1910. Serial No. 584,004.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it .known that I, Gor'rnon Hononn, a

. subject off;the Emperorof Germany, residmake and use the same.

- pole machine.

. in employing a direct current dynamo, diiiirotates in sparking chine to each group;

ing at Stuttgart, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Ignition for Multi le-Cylinder Combustion- Engines Having rregular Order of Ignition; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as willenable others skilled in the art to .which it appertains to There have been recently employed in areo-technics, multiple cylinder combustion engines whose cylinders'are arranged fanfashion in one or more planes. The pitman rods of the individual pistons actuate either a single crank or severalcranks having a definite angular arrangement. Such an arrangement of the cylinders establishes an irregular succession of individual ignitions. For this reason, the ignition for these engines by: electric igniting machines is accompanied with great difliculties, because, as is well known, the sparking'voltage in these machines is always developed at the same angular position ofthe .element that the magnetic field, so that the voltage is available only at uniform periods, such as 90 or 180 in a two- Consequently, it has heretofore been advisable to divide the cylinders of such combustion engines into separate groups presenting a regular order of igni tion, and to assign a separate ignition maor to employ for the ignition a source of direct current as a dynamo or a battery. An increase of the number of the ignition machines for flying machine motors is inadvisable on account of the attendant increase of weight. With batteries the disadvantage of unreliability of the ignition must be taken into account. Finally,

culties in starting are encountered.

The present invention is based upon the consideration that in the construction of al- .most all such engines the angular differences between the crank positions corresponding to successive periods or instants of ignition have acommon divisor. As soon asthis. condition 1 isfulfilled, ignition can be produced with a: single magneto at all points irregular required by the irregular order of ignition, if we allow the-magneto to rotate uniformly at such a speed that its shcceeding periods may be consumed in those engine cylinders which contain no combustible gasat the time. Or a special conductor can be provided in combination with corresponding provisions .on the distributor to allow the excess ignition currents to traverse the conductor. Or the interrupter can be arranged current is "available butis not required, the armature winding may be 'closed or not opened so that no ignition current is pro-' duced. v 1

For multiple cylinder engines arranged in fan-forn1,-w1th an irregular order of'ignition, the condition, thatthe angular differences between successive ignitions shall have a common divisor may be fulfilled by making the angles of divergence of neighboring cylinders equal to the center angles of aregular polygon. For instance, for the operation of a fan-form three cylinder engine, whose cylinder axes form with each other angles of 72 or 360/5, the engine requires an order of ignition, which, in relation to the crank stroke, is expressed by the angles 144, 288 and 288, the" greatest common divisor of which is 144. Therefore, in accoidance with the invention, instead of the order of ignition a regular order is providedin which the ignitions follow each other at periods equal to 144 of the crank strokes or 7 2 of the cam shaft stroke. This is accomplished by interposing between the crank shaft and the armature shaft of the assumed (as an example) two-pole shuttle armature machine, gearing having [the ratio of 144 to 180 or 4 to 5; or, in other words, by treating the fan engine as if its cylinders were distributed about the crank shaft at equal angles of the value of the common divisor and wherein someof the cylinders .are omitted. In the example chosen we obtain in this way, for each two sothat, atfthe'timesatwhich the ignitiona of maximum voltage or sparkingpoints ocmg dlstrlbuter.

revolutions of the crank shaft or one revolution of the cam shaft, five periods of maximum voltage or ignition points of the magneto, whereas only three are required for the operation of the engine. The two in excess are suppressed in accordance with v the invention, in any of the wayshereinbefOlGyIQfGIlGCl to.

The drawings show several of a great number of possible exemplificatio ns of the invention. All of the modifications shown relate to four-cycle engines.

Figure 1 is a diagrammatic illustration of a fan-form engine driving the crank shaft with three cylinders arranged adjacent to each other at angular displacements of 72. Fig. 2 is the corresponding diagram of the order-of-ignition, in its relation to the cam shaft. Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic illustration of a star shaped five cylinder engine with like'divergence of the cylinders, and Fig. 4 is the corresponding diagram of the order-of-ignition, in its relation to the cam shaft. Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic illustration of an interrupter with fivecams, which can be employed for the engine of Fig. 3, in accordance with the invention. Fig. 6 is a corresponding illustration of an interrupter with three wipers for the engine of Fig. 1.

Fig. 7 is a representation of the correspond- Fig. 8 is'a diagrammatic illustration of a six cylinder engine wherein the fan-form cylinders arranged in pairs act upon three cranks arranged 120 apart.

Fig. 9 is an illustrative diagram of the relative piston positions of the engine-of Fig. 8. Fig. 10 is the corresponding order-of-ignition diagram, in its relation to the cam shaft. Fig. 11 is the diagram of a starforni nine cylinder engine, 'and Fig. 12 is the corresponding ordereof-ignition diagram, in its relation to the cam shaft. Fig. 13 is an illustration of the interrupter correspending to the engine-of Fig. 11; Fig. 14

is an illustration of the interrupter, and.

Fig. 15 an illustration of the distributer of the engine of Fig. 8. Fig. 16 is an illustrative diagram of a six cylinder engine in which there are three cylinders in one lane and three in another plane. Fig. 17 is the corresponding order-of-ignition diagram, in its relation to the cam shaft. Fig. 18 is the diagram of an eight cylinder engine wherein each four cylinders lie in a separate plane and actuate a common'crank. The cranks of each group of four cylinders are'set at 180 to each other. Fig. 19 is the corresponding order-of-ignition digram, in its relation to the camshaft. Fig. 20 illustrates the interrupter' for the engine of Fig. 18, and Figs. 21 and 22 the interrupter and 'distributer forengine of Fig. 16. Figs.

23 to 25 show the construction of the distributer corresponding to the three kinds of engines-illustrated with irregular engine cylinders in proper order by means of the distributor E and connections F and Gr. The ignition currents in excess of those required by the engine are conducted by the segments 8., and s," to the

cylinders

2 and 3 near the ends of the respective strokes when no explosive gas is present therein, as will be noted later.

The radii shown in Figs. 2, a, 10, 12, 17 and 19 indicate the angular position of the cam shaft at the sparking periods for the cylinders corresponding in numeration'.

Fig. 2 shows the order of ignition of the fan-engine of Fig. 1. The cylinders follow each other in the

series

1, 3, 2 in'angular positions of the cam fshaft of 72, 144 and 144. Between radii, 3 and 2, and .2 and 1, are indicated in dotted lines the dividing lines of the inclosedl angular positions, by which the irregular order-of-ig'nition diagram of the fan motor is'converted into one of regular order, identical with Fig. 4: for the star-form five cylinder engine of Fig. 3. Thus, in order to ignite the fan-engine in accordance with the invention, there is included between the cam shaft and the armature shaft of the ignition machine, gearing having a ratio of 2:5. i In accordance with Fig. 5 there are provided for the interrupter, which iscon- 4 ceived as rotating at the same speed as the engaged by the contact arm rotating with the cam shaft. The points 4 and 5 are connected with the

points

2 and 3 respectively, by "the

segments

8 and 8,, and the ignition currents are conducted into the corresponding cylinders. Such occurs, however, at times at which these cylinders are at the end of their working stroke, and hence, when they contain no ignitible gas mixture and cannot therefore affect the operation of the engine.

If itis desired to prevent; altogether the production of excess sparks, an interrupter cam-disk as shown in Fig. 6 may be arsed, wherein the cams corresponding to the missing cylinders 4: and 5 of the? engine of Fig.

1' are likewise missing, so that, in spite of There are emthe availability of the ignition current between the ig'nitions 3 and '2 and between 2 and 1, no current flows in the ignition circuit at these times. For this case adistributer disk in accordance with Fig. 7 suflices. It is now apparent that this arrangement may be applied for all fan-form engines, whose cylinder spacings are equal to the center angles for successlve ignitions.

The six cylinder engine illustrated in Figs. 8 and 9 requires the irregular order-ofignition diagram of Fig. 10, and this is converted, by the insertion of the dotted dividin'g lines, in accordance with the invention, into the regular order of ignition of Fig. 12, which corresponds to the star-form nine cylinder engine of Fig. 11. The cylinder scheme of Fig. 11 is obtained from the cylinder scheme of Figs. 8and 9 by rotating the pairs of

cylinders

4, 5 and 7, 8, through the proper angles and imagining the

cylinders

3, 6 and 9 as added. In accordance with my invention, the armature shaft of a two pole, shuttle type ignition machineis' connected with the cam shaft of the engine by gearing having a ratio of 2:9, and the periods of maximum voltage corresponding to the missing

cylinders

3, 6 and 9 are made inoperative. To do this, in accordance with the first example, I can make use of an interrupter after the manner. of Fig. 13 and adistributer disk after the manner of Fig. 24, or of an interrupter-wiper-disk after the manner of Fig. 14, combined with a distributer-disk after the manner of Fig. 15.

. Fig. 16 is the scl .-me of a six-cylinder en-- gine, wherein the cylinders are arranged in two planes and displaced90 in each plane, the two series actuating two cranks arranged in 180 relation with each other. The engine requires an irregular order of ignition in accordance with Fig. 17. In accordance with the invention, the engine is to be im-' agined as completed, in the manner re ferred to, to make up the scheme of the eight cylinder engine of Fig. 18. There is obtained thereby the regular order of ignition of Fig. 19 with two excess ignitions, which correspond to the missing cvlinders 3 and 7." For the suppression of the excess ignitions, there may be used either an interrupter-cam-disk according to Fig. 20 in combination .with a distributer-eisk according to Fig. 25. or an interrupter-cam-di'sk according to Fig. 21 in combination with a distributer-disk according to Fig. 22.

' The invention is not necessarily confined to four-cycle engines, but can by appropriate adaptation be employed with like eii'ect fortwo-cycle and six-cycle engines, and, in general for all engines operating with any desired cycle. It is likewise immaterial to the essence of the invention whether a twopole or a multipole ignition machine is employed.

In the appended claims, regular inter-- vals is used in the sense of intervals which recur periodically after equal lapses of time whenever the engine is rotating at constant speed, while irregular intervals is used in the sense of intervals which recur after unequal lapses of time whenever the engine is rotating at constant speed.

lVhat I claim is 1. The combination with a multiple cylinder combustion engine requiring ignition at irregular intervals, of an ignition machine adapted to produce ignition voltages at regular intervals, means for operating the i gnition machine at such speed relative to the speed of the engine that the regular interval between ignition periods of the ignition machine is a common divisor of the irregular intervals of ignition of the en 'ne, and

engine, and means for selectingand distributing to the individual cylinders of the engine those generated voltages which coincide in time with the irregular ignition periods of said cylinders.

3. In combination with a multiple cylin der combustion engine requiring ignition at irregular intervals, of an ignition machine adapted to produce ignition currents at regular intervals, means for operating the ignition machine at such speed relatively to the speed of the engine that the regular interv'al between ignition periods of the ignition machine is a common divisor of all the irregular intervals of ignition of the en'- gine, and means for rendering inoperative the excess available ignition currents of the ignition machine.

4. The combination with a multiple cylinder combustion engine requiring ignition at irregular intervals, of an ignition machine adapted to produce ignition currents at regular intervals, means for operating the ignition machine at such speed relative to the speed of the engine that the regular interval between ignition periods of the ignition machine is the greatest common divisor of all the irregular intervals of i ition of the engine, and means for ren ermg tion The combination with a multiple cyl inder cumbustion engine requiring ignition at irregular intervals, of an ignition machine adapted to produce ignition currents at regular intervals, means for operating the ignition machine at such speed relatively to the speed of the engine that the regular interval between ignition periods of the ignition machine is a common divisor of all the irregular intervals of ignition of the engine, and a distributer with contact pieces for conducting theexcess ignition currents to those cylin ers of the engine which contain no explosive gas at the time.

inoperative the excess available igni-' current of the 1gn1t1on machine.

6. The combination with a multiple cylinder combustion engine requiring lgnition at irregular intervals, of an ignition machine adapted to produce ignition currents at regular intervals, gearing operatively connecting the engine and ignition machine of/such ratio that the regular interval between ignition periods of the ignition machine is a common divisor oli-all the irregular intervals of ignition of the engine, and a distributer and connections for conducting the excess ignition currents to those cylinders which contain no explosive gas at the time.

In testimony whereof I aiiix my signature, in presence of two witnesses.

eorrLoB HONOLD.

Witnesses Max Ansonn'rz, REIN HOLD ELWERT.

(levies c1! this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing? the "Gommissioner of .Eatemts,

' Washington, D. 83."