US112379A - Improvement in machines for shaping and cutting gear-cutters - Google Patents

Description

N.PETERS, PHOTov-LITMOGRAFHER, WASHINGTON, n. C.

i jfrnANo-Isfn; mutuos, uuufrronn, coNNEoTicUnnssIcNon To' THE `ruiteravvurrnnroournrnr,or SAME PLAGE.

f Letters Patent musste, dated March 7,1871.

` QIMPRVEMENT IN MACHINES-Fon SHAPING AND cuTTlNe GEAR-corrales.

` ""'ihe Schedule referred `to in these Letters'Patent and making `part: of the same.

` `1 i In my apparatus Iuseou f resenting the 4nuinlpe'r `of teeth in the wheel that the cutters are designed to cut. I make the formers ot" large dimensions, therebyinsuring greater accuracy, -andreducing the sizes `or pitch of the cutters by means i To all (whom it muy concer/n 1l "city and-county of Hartford and State of Connecticut,

have invented certain new` and useful Improvements inShaping and CuttingGearfG utters for Guttin g (t-earsA Teeth; and to' enable others-skilled in the art 'to-make and use theV same I willfproceed to describe, referring Ftothe drawing, in-i whichthe same -letters indicate like parts in reach `or" thel iigures.

@The nature of this invention consists in the 'arrangement ot'a machine, infconnectionwith temple'ts,

tools,'and gauges, whereby-Iain enabled to produce more perfect r cutters lforcutting the teeth of Wheels or gars,and` in much lesstime and at `less expense thanhas hitherto been done. Heretofore it has been found to4 be a `verygiiiiicult. part of machine building jto produce good workingfgearingin consequence of thedifiicultyin producing"properly-shaped cutters, it -being ,necessary to makea'templet and shapingtool for each cutter, which is done 'with i great diiiculty, es-

peci'allyontheineiwpitches.` i

ly one set of-formers, repof a movablefulcrurnupon the actuating-lever, which `is graduated upon its linelof traverse `to suit the different pitches. ,It `will be `readily seen that, instead of "a large number of templets, some of tlie'nti being very smal and dicult to make,.I can by my system pro- ,duceacutter for any number of teeth or of lanyrequired pitch with agreat degree of accuracy. i `I ain alsoenabled to cut the teeth upon the cutter,

with myapparatus, with dispatch.

. d `This uiachineroperates; upon the same principle as `the pantagraph, `one end ofthe lever bearingagainst the `edge of `the former, guide, or templet o, and the r other endbeing attachedto the tool-rest, and moves f `said tool-rest in` exactly'the-same track, and describes ac urvev like the former `or templet on theothe'r end of `the lever. l

[v '.In the,` differ-ent pitches or grades of cutters the same templet is;used, (using the teinplet representing the numberof teeth the cutter is'desired to cut,).and

inakingfthe different' pitches` by changing the fulcrnml `of the'1ever.` Thus it will `be seen that inA moving the .-fu'lcruin up nearer to the tool-'post 4the `upper end of `the lever is `sbo'rtenedgand that the same curve or shape will be `traced; onlyit will be diminished in size. 1t`\vill be also seen that,"in forming cutters of dif- `ferent `pitc'hes,\diferent sizes of tools ,must be used corresponding with the `diierentl pitches, as, for instance,`the former-s represent No. 1 (diameter pitch) `and the Yfollower-pin is one inch; consequently the tool `to be used forformingacutter one to the inch must be one inch in diameter or one-half inch radius on the cutting-point; and for a cutter two to the inch a half'- inch tool must be used; for four teeth totheinch a one-fourth inch tool at the cutting-point; the tool in all cases being proportiouedto the pitch of the cutter to be made; and in practice it is found that the proper shapes are obtained of the did'ereut pitches, and that.,

whateverthe pitch may be,theY gearing: will run accurately;4 f y Y Y l 1t .has also been quite diicult to obtain readily the properthickness of cutter at the pitch-line. I provide close gauges W, representing the di (ferent pitches of teeth. After one side of thecutter has been formed the other side isthen turned nntjlthe gauge just iills at its points of contact at pitch-.line and top of cutter, as shown in dg. 6.

In the accompanying drawing,

sheets 1 and 2, i's

sh ownmy machine for forming and cutting the cutter.

In sheet 1 v Figure l is a side sectional elevation. Figure 2 is a side and end view of' .the apparatus for cutting the cutter, detached from the machine.v

Sheet 2- Figurel is an end elevation. Figures 2 and`3 are detached portions of the machine.`

i v Figure 4 is a partial section of the frame-Work and head-stock of the machine, showing how the sliding bar is ttedto slide back and forth between the under side of the head-stock and the upper side 0f. the

vfxame-Worhthe Working mechanism being secured to thefront end of said sliding bar. Figures 5and .6 show a side and edge view of one of the cutters. i y

, V1iigure7 is a side view ofthe templet.

`Ais the frame-Work of the machine. B is the head-stock, having a spindle, C, fitted in boxes in the commonway. This spindle is provided' With'a socket to receive and hold a mandrel, upon the outer end'of which is secured the blank 'to be formed into a cutter.- 4

[D is a sliding stock or bar, tted into'a chambered recess between the under side of the head-stock and the upper side ofthe frame-Work.

Tov the outer end of this stock D, and at right angle therewith, is secured a cross-head E-the'upper edge andthe lower edge of this cross-head parallel, and beveled o n an angle with its face.l This stock is operated back and `forth by means ofv a screw-spindle, F.

Gis `a tool-stock yframe-work, tted and secured upon the cross-head E in the common way of fitting lathe-Work, so as to fit closely and slide freely back and forth thereon. This' tool-stock G is operated back and iorth"on the cross-head E bynmeans of a screw-spindle, E. u

H is a tool-holder, having a two-way movement, the joint tittings of whichare made in the usual way, one movement of which is to and from the face ofthe machine, and the other at right angle with the irst movement or parallel with the face of the machine, one ot' which is operated back and forth by the screw I. These slides depend entirely upon the formelor templets O for their lnovenicnt.

' J is the cutting-tool, arranged and secured in the connnon way to the upper side of the holder H..

K is an actuating-lever, the upper end ot' which -is secured iu a swivel-joint, M, on the tool-holder H. This actuating-level' is fitted closely' and works freely upou its fulcrum, the universal joint L being its fulcruin. 'lhis universal joint is titted so as to move up and down upon the face ofthe frame-stock G, and is secured in the desired position thereon lby screws a..

Upon the face or edge ofthe stock G I forma scale for accurately placing the universal joint at any desired point, to produce, by the actionof'the lever K and pattern or templets O, the desh'ed pitch or size of the cutter.

At the lower end of the stock G, and extending forward at a right angle therewith', is formed abracket, N, on which is provided steps N. Upon these steps v the templet-s O are secured, the templet `or pattern edge 'ot' which is arranged and secured in a true position relativeto the actuating-lever K.

The cutter-blank P is secured to thev outer end of the spindle 1?.

The tool J is first secured in its stock andthen adjnsted to the cutting-point on the outer edge of the blank P by means ofthe screws F. Then, by the screw E, thc tool is moved forward gradually, and the tool cuts and travels in the path governed bythe action of the lever-spindle K against the templet or former O. When one side is finished then the 'blank is reversed on the spindle, apd the same shape is produced ou the reversed side.

After the propel' thickness of the cutter is obtained by the use ofthe gauge W, then the apparatus shown in fig. 2, sheet 1, is arranged for cutting the teeth upon the cutters. First the tool-post is removed and the footv Q is'secured thereon, and the bracket-foot R is secured to the head-stock at c, and is provided with a stud-pin, g, on which is arranged a friction drivingwheel, f.

connection by toothed rim or by bands and arms f so. as to transmit motion from the wheel f on the stud.

pin g to the cutter-spindle 7i. Its construction admits of motion in all directions. y v

v Sis a stock supported by and is apart f the foot Q, in which is arranged a spindle, h,aud the driving-wheel f'. In the lower end ot' this spindle is secured a cutter for cutting teeth in the cutter-blank P. Thus, when the power is applied to the machine, the cutter is moved forward by turning the screwfspindle I, and the cutter is guided by the'leversspindle Kin the same manner as' when forming the shape of the cutter. The lever K is press ed against the edge ofthe former or teniplet O by a weight or by foot pressure, not necessary to show here. I

The spindleP is lirmly held in a fixed position by an index and dog, sov that it may be turned, at intervals of forming each tooth, suliiciently to form a tooth on the cutter successively of equal dimensions, in the common way. By this arrangementthe teeth of the cutter may be formed on each side and edge Withoutremoving the cutter from the spindle P', simply by changing the templet o1' pattern O from one step, N, to the other.

'I represents different-size tools for different pitches of cutters.

I believe I have thus shown the nature, construcltion, operation, and advantage of this invention, so as to enable others skilled` in the art to make and use the same therefrom.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1., The combination of the templet O, lever K, adjustable t'ulcrum L, sliding carriage and tool-carrier H, with the slide G, substantially as described.

2. In combination with4 the subject-mattei' of the iii-st claim, the slide D E and head-stock A B, substantially as described.

3. rlhe combination of the templet O, level' K, adjustable fnlcrum L, slide G, sliding carriage H, with the stand Q and milling-tool spindle h, substantially as described.

4. In combination with the slide G, sliding carriage H, stand Q, spindle-carriage shaft il, the double-j oin ted radius bars, the pulleys, support It, and head-stock A B, substantially as described.

FRANCIS A. PRATT.

W'itnesses:

CHARLES S. BEMENT, J Emmy W. Buss;

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