US1123202A

US1123202A - Propeller.

Info

Publication number: US1123202A
Application number: US58031310A
Authority: US
Inventors: Theodore Amnelius
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1910-09-03
Filing date: 1910-09-03
Publication date: 1914-12-29
Anticipated expiration: 1931-12-29

Description

T. AMNELIUS.

PR OPELLER. APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 3, 1910.

1, 1 23,202. Patented Dec. 29, 1914.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

T. AMNELIUS. PROPELLBR.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. a, 1910.

1,1 28,202., Patented Dec. 29, 1914.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

wu'neoom j T. AMNELIUS.

PROPELLER.

APPLIOATION'FILED SEPT. s, 1910.

1,123,202, I Patented Dec. 29, 1914.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 8.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

THEODORE AMNELIUS, OF SOUTH FRAMINGHAM, MASSACHUSETTS.

PROPELLER.

Specification of Letters Iatent.

Application filed September 3, 1910. Serial No. 580,313.

To all whom it may'concernf Be it known that I, THEODORE AMNELIUs,

I .a citizen of the United States, residing at and when rotating at the same rate.

' South 'Framingham,

A further object of my invention is to provide a propeller which shall have but little centrifugal action upon the water adjacent thereto.

Other objects will appear hereinafter.

With these objects in view my invention consists generally in a propeller having a blade so shaped as to transform the centrifugal movement or action of the water at or near the hub into a rearward and preferably inward direction as it approaches the periphery or outer end of the blade.

My invention further consists in certain novel details and forms of construction whereby the normal centrifugal force is overcome and caused to condense the medium behind the propeller and rarefy or decrease its density in front of the propeller.

My invention further consists in various details of construction and arrangements of parts all as will be fully described hereinafter and particularly pointed outin the claims.

My invention will be more readily understood by reference to the accompanying drawings'forming apart of this specification and in which- Figure I is a rear elevation "of a propeller embodying my invention in its most simple form, Fig. II is a transverse section through one of the blades on the line II--II of Fig. I, Fig. III is an edge view of the propeller, Fig. IV is a diagram of the forces acting at different sections of the blade, Fig. V is a modified form ofthe propeller illustrated in Fig. I, each blade being, formed of a plurality of curved surfaces or sections, Fig. VI is an end view thereof, Fig. VII

is a rear view of a further modification lines indicated the blade into a rearward toward the outer end. This will be clear by referring to the lines of force indicated of my invention each blade being formed with a single curved operative face, Fig. VIII isan edge view of the same, Fig. IX 1s a further modification, the blade being formed of three angular-1y disposed faces and the center face being concave, Fig.

Patented Dec. 29, 1914..

is an end view of the blade illustrated in Fig. XV, Fig. XI is an elevation of a propeller havlng two blades such as illustrated in Flgs. XI and XII, and equipped with sub-blades of opposite configuration, Fig.

XII is a side elevation thereof; Fig. XIII is an end view of one of the blades and,

sub-blades, Fig. XIV is a further modified form of my invention illustrating a propeller particularly adapted for aviation each blade being composed of a plurality of sectlons each section similar to the blade illustrated in Figs. I and V, and Fig. XV is an end view of the blade illustrated in Fig. XIV.

Referring now to the drawings, particularly to Figs. I to IV inclusive, 1 indicates the hub of the propeller and 2 the blades.

Each blade is formed with its front edges 3 and rear edges 4 lying in parallel planes, and preferably in the same plane as the ends of the hub 1, and transverse sections of the blade taken successively from the root of the blade to its outer end are at lncreasing angles to the axis of rotation. This will be clear by referring to Figs. III and IV, the lines a, Z), 0', d and e in said figures, indicating the similar imaginary Fig. I.

On one of the blades in Fig. I is illustrated a longitudinal section taken centrally through the blade to illustrate clearly the central thickness of the blade, the edges being sharp, but more particularly to show the longitudinal curvature of the same. It will be noted that the curvature longitudinally of the blade increases from the hub toward the periphery. This curvature, together with the increasing angle of the blade to the axis of rotation, combine to produce a propeller centrifugal action on the medium surrounding the same and which will transform the centrifugal force at the inner portion of condensing force by the arrows in the several figures.

by the dotted lines on which has but little' The rapid rotation of the propeller naturally tends to create centrifugal force on the medium and move the same outwardly from the hub. The outwardly flowing me dium along the blade is deflected more and more as it approaches the end of the blade due to the increasing curvature of the blade longitudinally, the angle of deflection being the same as the angle of incidence. See arrows in Fig. I. The longitudinal curvature of the blades also causes the outer ends to move in advance of the portions toward the center. This outer end, owing to its longitudinal curvature and its angular position with relation to the axis of rotation, gathers the medium and forces it inwardly to be acted upon by the inner portions of the blade where the angle to the axis of rotation constantly decreases, and where a greater rearward force is thereby exerted on the medium. This condenses the medium to a great degree behind the propeller and creates a rarefied medium in advance of the same. The inner end of the blade, owing to its slight angular position with relation to the axis of rotation and the outward flow of medium at this portion, creates a partial vacuum behind the same near the hub, therebv drawing in medium from in front to be acted upon by the next blade in succession.

In Figs. V and VI I have illustrated a propeller in which each blade is composed of two sections 5 and 6, each'section constructed on the same principle as the single blade illustrated in Figs. I and III, and in Figs. XIV and XV have illustrated a propeller blade formed of three

such sections

7, 8 and 9. In each of those propellers each section acts on the medium in a manner similar to that described in regard to the blade 2.

The propeller illustrated in Fig. XIV is particularly adapted for aviation and for such use I prefer to form the increasing longitudinal curvature more pronounced.

In Figs. VII and VIII I have illustrated a modified form wherein the increasing longitudinal curvature and the angular disposition of the parts of the blade are substantially the same as in the preceding forms, but the forward edge of the blade is produced or extended toward the center beyond the plane of the forward end of the hub. This gives the propeller the function of scooping the water from in front and thereby increasing the condensation of the same behind the blade. In form the forward edge lies in a plane substantially radial to the axis of rotation or in a plane parallel with such radial plane. l

Figs. IX and. -X illustrate the further modifications of the propeller in which each blade is formed of three sections.

with the central section 15 concavely formed similar to the blade shown in Fig.

VII. It is obvious that a propeller may be constructed each blade formed of several sections and each section conforming to the structure shown in Figs. VII to X inclu- I SlVe.

In Figs. XI, XII and XIII I have illustrated a further modification of my invention wherein the propeller is composed of a plurality of principal blades 16 and a like number of sub-blades 17. As illustrated in the figures mentioned the principal blades have the form illustrated in Fig. VII and the sub-blade a form similar to the blades shown in Fig. I except reversed, the operative faces of each blade and its sub-blade being of opposite configuration. By the use of the sub-blade a greater condensation of the medium is had and less agitation of the same. Structurally, each sub-blade is formed separately and provided with a base plate 18 which is bolted or otherwise secured to the hub 1. It is obvious that the propeller blades may partake of any of the forms hereinbefore described, but in each incident I prefer that the sub-blade shall be of similar form.

While the different forms of the invention disclose variances in structural detail, the operative faces of the blades in all of the forms illustrated are straight from the front to the back edge, and it is obvious that such arrangement permits of the rotation of the propeller with the least amount of friction of back pressure due to the resistance of the element through which it is rotating.

Having described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is l. A propeller blade having an operative face formed longitudinally with an increasing curvature from'the center to the end and successive sections through the operative face being straight from front to back edge and lying at increasing angles to the axis of rotation from the inner to the outer end thereof.

2. In a propeller, a blade formed with an operative face having an increasing longitudinal curvature from its inner to its outer end, successive sections thereof trans versely of the blade being straightfrom front to back edge and lying at increasing angles to the axis of rotation and the forward edge of the blade at the center being extended beyond the plane of the ends of said edge, substantially as described. 3. A propeller comprising a'plurality of main blades each formed with an operative face having an increasing longitudinal curvature from its inner to its outer 'end with successive sections thereof transversely of the blade'l'yingat increasing angles to the axis of rotation,- the said operative face being straight from front to back edge, and

a sub-blade for each of said main blades, each of said sub-blades being of the same configuration as said main blade but being oppositely disposed with relation to said main blades to coact therewith, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my THEODORE AMNELIUS.

Witnesses:

Moses T. GLODE, JOHN H. Ceocm.