US1118297A - Fluid-motor and retarding device therefor. - Google Patents

Description

J'. F. MOELROY. FLUID MOTOR AND-RETARDING 'DEVIGE THEREFOR.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 2, 1909. 1,1 18,29? Patented 310124, 1914.

3 SHEETSSHEET 1.

J. F. MOELROY. FLUID MOTOR AND RETARDING DEVICE THEREFOR.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 2, 1909. 1 11897 Patented Nov. 24, 1914.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

J. P, MQBLROY. FLUID MOTOR AND RETARDING DEVICE THEREFOR.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 2, 1909. Patented Nov. 24:, 1914,

3 SHEETSSHEET 3.

an H.

1mm Im'Enm? aqm plied .with.

40 rate of speed, in order to 45 in order to avoid any UNITED STATS ATET OFFTQE.

JAMES F.

MQELROY. OF ALBANY, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO CONSOLIDATED CAR- HEA'IING COMPANY. A CORPORATION OF WEST VIRGINIA.

FLUID-MOTOR AND RETABDING DEVICE THEREFOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 24, 19141...

Application filed September 2, 1909. Serial No. 515,821.

of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in FluidJvIotors and Retarding Devices Therctor, of which the following is a specification disclosing what I now consider the best of the various forms in which the principle of my invention may be embodied.

My present invention relates to motors adapted to be operated by compressed air, or other fluids, and has for its object the provision of a motor particularly adapted.

to the peculiar requirements in the opening and closing of doors or gates on railway cars, having been recently put into service for that purpose on the subway cars in New York city, although it may also be applied to any use in which a similar kind of ciprocating motion is desired.

My invention will be more clearly understood by reference to the following descrip- 5 tion and accompanying drawings.

In the use for which my invention is more especially intended, to-wit, the opening and closing of doors or gates on railway. cars, certain peculiar conditions must be com- For instance, it is desirable that the door or gate should be operated by means of compressed air taken from the storage tank or other convenientpar't of the air.

brake system. It is also desirable that the motion of the door in closing should be rapid for the greater part, of the doors travel, in order to save time in closing the door, but that the latter part of the doors travel should be accomplished at a very low avoid injury to passengers and slamming of the door. Itvis also desirable that the movement of the door should be accomplished with as littleexpenditure of compressed air as possible effect on the brakes. By means of my fluid motor and retarding device I am enabled to attain these ob jects. 4

Referring to the drawings, Figures 1,

2 and 8 represent sectional views ofmy improved motor, shown applied to a sliding door, and show the relative positions of theparts during the movement of the. door. For inst-anceyif Fig. 1 be considered as showing the door in the open position, Fig. 2

12, being compressed,

- will show the door-half open and Fig. 3

any improved motor. Figs. 10 and 11 are sectional views of this form of valve.

Referring to Fig. 1, it will be seen that my improved motor consists of two oppositely disposed cylinders 1 and 2, in which are reciprocating pistons 3 and 4', respectively. T o pistons 3 and c are attached piston rods 5 and 6, which are attached tov a common driving rod 7, by means of a casting or stop 8, through which driving rod the door or other object 9 is operated.

The retarding device attached to my improved motor consists of a tube 10 which has stops 11, 11, at each end. Inside of the tube 1 place a spring 12, the ends of which rest against washers 13, 13 which are arrested by the stops. These washers are provided with holes permitting the passage through them of a rod 14 which is attached to a casting or link 15. Surrounding each end of rod 14 are sleeves 17, 17, which bear against Washers 13, 13 and thus exert pressure upon stop 8. I provide a hole in link 15 through which piston rod 6 moves,-and place a collar 18 around piston rod 6, which collarbea-rs against link 15.

The source of supply of compressed fluid is connected to the operating valve 19 through pipe 20. In pipe 20 is inserted a disk 21 of metal, or other suitable material,

having a constricted opening.- Pipes 22 and 23 serve to transmit the compressed fluid from the valve to and from the ends of cylinders 1 and 2 respectively. Pipe 241 is the exhaust for compressed fluid after it has been used.

The operation of my improved motor is as follows: \Vhen the motor and valve 19 are in the position shown in Fig. 1, the door is in the open position and compressed fluid is being admitted through pipes 20 and into cylinder 1. When it is desired to close the door the valve is moved to the position shown in Fig. 2, which permits the compressed fluid contained lncylinder 1 to How through pipes 22 and 23 into cylinder 2 and exert a pressure upon piston 4:. The spring exerts a pressure throughsleeve l'? and link 15 upon stop 8, thus giving the .motor additional power which has been stored in the spring by its previous compression due to its damping or retarding effect on the previous opening stroke. This aids it in overcoming the ini tial frictions and inertia of the door. The

piston 4 then moves as shown in Fig. 2, the pressure on the spring having been released after the starting action aforesaid. The movement. of the valve is continued until it reaches the position shown at Fig. 3 which permits compressed fluid to enter cylinder 2 through. pipes and and exhausts the" contents of cylinder 1 through pipes 22 and 24.

Owing to the constricted opening in disk 2.1 the pressure in cylinder 2 is very much less than the pressure of the source of supply and continues so as long as there is but little opposition to the movement of the 20 door. It is however-adequate to continue at a rapid rate the door movement which has been initiated as aforesaid, the door at this point not being obstructed by the spring.

Piston 4 thus continues to move at low pressure until it brings up against collar '18,

tarding the movement of piston reason of the constricted opening in disk 21;

the fluid in cylinder 2, when the movement of piston 4 is thus retarded, begins to accumulate and the pressure thereof to increase, so that a constantly increasing pressure, slightly greater than the pressure of spring 12, is maintained against the piston 4 op posing the pressure in the spring and. toreing the door slowly shut. 1 am thus ,enabled to move the door rapidly and with an expenditure of very little energy to a point near the end of its movement, and then move it quitev slowly from that point on,

thus preventing injury to the passengers, slamming of the door, and rebound of the spring, and at the same time storing up in the spring power which will aidin initiating the next start of the door in the reverse especial object making the motor more com-' 5 ends adjacent but ofiset and their piston rods direction as already described.

By varying the length of collar 18 I can make the relative length of the fast and slow movements of the door anything 1 choose. I find, however, that in practice it is-best to move the door at a high speed to about six inches of the end of its travel. 1

I have illustrated in Figs. 4 and 5 a different arrangement of parts having for its pact, the principle f-operation, however, is the same as that of the arrangement shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3. In this case 'the cylinders 1 and 2 are brought together with their inclusive.

5 and 6 connected with doorrod 7 by the castings 8 and '8, the sleeve 18 being on piston-rod 5.

The valve which I prefer to use with -my improved motor is shown in Figs. 7 to 11 It consists of an outer shell or casing 31, in which is pivoted a valve stem 32 which is attached to a seat 33. Resting upon the seat 33 is a cap 34 which is held in contact with the seat by means of a spring 35, which presses against the cap and against the valve stem 32. The cap 34 is pivoted upon a pivot 36, and contains a plurality of ports shown in the drawings as three in number, 37, 38 and 39. The seat 33 contains four openings 40, 41, 42 and 43, communicating with the piping to and from the reservoir exhaust and motor by leaders and adapted to register with the ports 37,

38 and 39. To the upper end of the valve stem 32 is attached an operating handle 41") by which the valve stem may be turned. in

order to limit the motion of the valve stem I provide, preferably integral with the outer shell or casing 31, a stop 46 which limits the motion of the handle in one direction. The extent of motion of the handle in the opposite direction is limitedby means of an adjustable stop here shown in the form of a screw 47.

For the purpose of facilitating cleaning and repairing, as well as to obtain amore intimate contact between the cap 34 and seat 33 I preferably make the valve stem 32 and cap 34 in separatepieces, the projection 48 on the cap engaging a corresponding indentation'in the valve stem 32', thus per mitting the cap 34 to be turned.

The position assumed .by the valve in itsoperation may best be seen from Figs. 1,

'- 2 and 3.

Thus, in F 1, port 39 registers with openings 40 and 43 permitting compressed fluid to flow from the reservoir through pipe- 20, opening 43, port 39, opening 40 and pipe 22 to cylinder 1. The port 37 registers with openings 31 and 32, permitting compressed fluid to] be exhausted from cylinder 2 through pipe 23,'opening 41, port 37, opening 42 and pipe 24.

In the position shown' in Fig. 2, port 38 registers with openings 40 and 41, thus permitting compressed fluid to flow between pistons 1 and 2, through pipe 22, opening 40, port 38, opening 41 and pipe 23.

This is the first position occupied by the valve in operating my improved motor and 1'. am thereby enabled to use compressed fluid which has already done work in. propelling onejpiston to give the initial movement to the other When the valve? is-in the positionshown in Fig. 3, port 39 registers with the openings .41 and 43, and compressed fluid is thereby admitted through pipe 20, opening 43, port 39, opening 41, and pipe 23, to cylinder 2.

Port 37 registers with the openings 40 and confine myselfto the precise details shown and described.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a fluid motor the combination of a cylinder, a piston working therein and adapted to move a frictional load, a power storing element arranged to be operated by said piston subsequently to the initial operation of said frictional load, and means for maintaining a low cylinder pressure during the initial movement of said frictional load,

and a high cylinder pressure during the remainder of the movement thereof.

2. In a fluid motor the combination of a cylinder, a piston working therein and adapted to move a frictional load, a power storing element arranged to be operated by said piston subsequently to the initial operation of said frictional load, means for providing a high pressure fluid supply, and meansconnected with said fluid supply for maintaining a low cylinder pressure during the initial movement of said frictional load,

and a high cylinder pressure during the remainder of the movement thereof.

3. In a fluid motor the combination of a cylinder, a piston working therein and adapted to move a frictional load, a power storing element arranged to be operated by said piston subsequently to the initial operation of said frictional load, means for providing a high pressure fluid supply, a valve controlling said fluid supply, and a pipe connected with said fluid supply and provided with a constricted outlet for maintaining a low cylinder pressure during the initial movement of said frictional load, and a high cylinder pressure during the remainder of the movement thereof.

4. In a fluid motor the combination of a cylinder, a piston workingthereinand adapted to move a frictional load,a power storing element arranged to be operated by said piston subsequently to the initial operation of said frictional load, and a pressure reducer for maintaining a low cylinder pressure during the initial movement of said frictional load, and a high cylinder pressure during the remainder of the movement thereof.

5. In a fluid motor the combination of a cylinder, a piston working therein, a sleeve slidable 'n the cylinder and actuated by the piston, means actuated by the sleeve for re tarding the movement of the piston during a portion of its travel, and a fluid supply pipe provided with means to obtain a reduced pressure during the free movement of the piston, and an increased pressure during the retarded movement of the piston.

(5. In a fluid motor the combination with a cylinder, a piston working therein and adapted to move a frictional load throughout its entire stroke, a retarding element operated by said piston during a portion of its stroke, means actuated by the retard ing element for retarding the movement of the piston, a valve controlling the fluid supply to said cylinder, and a fluid supply pipe provided with means to maintain a low pressure in the cylinder under the frictional load and relatively high pressure when the frictional load is augmented by said retarding element.

' In a fluid motor, "a cylinder, a piston working therein, a sleeve actuated by the piston, means actuated by the sleeve for gradually reducing the speed of the piston duringa portion of its stroke, a valve controlling the power, and a pipe provided with means cooperating with said valve to inplston as 5 crease 'the power applied to thethe speed of its travel decreases.

8. In a fluid motor, a cylinder, apiston moving therein at a relatively high speed during the initialpart of the stroke, a

sleeve in the cylinder and actuated by' the piston, means actuated by the sleeve for reducing the speed of the piston during the latter part of its stroke, a valve controlling the pressure to said cylinder, and "an inlet pipe for saidvalve provided with means for admitting a; relatively smaller amount of fluid for a given distance of travel of the piston during the initial portion of its stroke than during the latter part of its stroke.

the piston rod for part of its length, a

spring external to the cylinder, a rod passing through said spring and carrying at either end a sleeve adapted to engage. the spring, and a link attached to said rod and slidably engaging said piston-rod and adapted to be stop.

10. A door operating motor of the fluid pressure type comprising two opposing sin-.

moved by said collar or said gle acting cylinders, pistons therein, a 0011- nector for the piston, an operating device for the door, controlling valve admitting the fluid to and exhausting it from the two cylinders alternately, an actuating element carried by one cylinder and operated by the piston therein at one portion of the pistons stroke, and retarding mechanism operated by said element.

11. A door operating motor comprising a pair of opposed cylinders, pistons and piston. rods therefor, means for connecting said rods, 2 door operating rod carried by said connecting means, a sleeve in one cylinder and actuated by the piston therein, and means ectuatedby the sleeve for retarding the movements of said pistons during a portion of their travel.

1:2. A door operating motor comprising a cylinder, a piston therein, a rod'for said piston, door operating means connected to said rod, a sleeve in the. cylinder actuated by the piston therein, a rod slid-ably sup ported by the cylinder, ebutments carried by said slidable rod and engaging the sleeve, and a; spring coiled about the slidable rod and interposed between the abutments and adapted to be compressed by the abutment to retard the movement of the piston.

In witness whereof l have hereunto set my hand, before two subscribing Witnesses, 25

this 7th day of May, 1909.

J AMES F. MCELROY. Witnesses BEULAH CABLE, Enxnsr D. JANSEN.

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