US1117161A - Condenser. - Google Patents

Description

. H. L. BORGHBRS.

OONDENSEB.

APPLICATION rum) JULY 23, 1912.

1 1 1 7 1 61 Patented Nov. 17, 1914 3 SHEETSSHBET 1.

THE NORRIS PETERS CO.. PHOTU-LITHQ, WASHINGTON. D. C,

H. L. BORGHERS.

connsnsm.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 23, 1912. 1,1 17,161. Patented N0v.17, 1914.

' 3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

FIG I d I I 7///////// ////////////dl HERBERT L. BOBCHEBS, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI.

CONDENSER.

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, HERBERT L. BonoHEns,

of St. Louis, in the State of Missouri, have invented certain new and useful Improve ments in Condensers, whereof the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

Theinvention relates more particularly to ammonia condensers of the vertical type wherein the hot ammonia gas to be condensed is passed through vertical pipes and the cooling or condensing water or other fluid is caused to pass around said pipes for the purpose of condensing or liquefying the hot ammonia gases.

An 01. iect of the invention is to provide a condenser which is so constructed that the hot gases to be liquefied or condensed are passed in one way through the condenser, while the condensin or cooling fluid is passed in an opposite direction therethrough. i

A further object of the invention is to provide a construction wherein the cooling or condensing fluid is caused to pass through and also around the pipes containing the hot gases to be liquefied or cooled.

A further object of the invention is to provide a condenser which shall consume comparatively small floor space, and wherein the cooling surface exposed to. the water or other liquid is relatively large in proportion to the size of the condenser.

These and other objects will in part be obvious, and will in part be hereinafter more fully described.

In the drawings which show by way of illustration one embodiment of the invention, Figure I, is a plan view of a condenser embodying my improvements, with the top or cover removed. Fig. II, is a staggered vertical sectional view on Fig. I. Fig. III, is a horizontal sectional view on the line III, III, of Fig. II. Fig. IV, is a sectional view through one of the headers as indicated by the line IV, IV, of Fig. I. Fig. V, is a detail showing a modified form wherein means is provided for compressing the packing about the outer conveying pipes.

In carrying out the invention, I have provided a condenser which consists of a bottom portion and a top portion intermediate which are placed two headers whichfare connected with pipes so disposed relative Specification of Letters Patent. Application filed July 23, 1312. Serial No. 711,066.

the line II, II, of

Patented Nov. 17, 1914.

toopenings in the headers, that the gases to be cooled or condensed may be passed from one header through pipes into and out of theother header. I

Th invention further consists in pipes which extend through both headers, and are located centrally of the pipes connecting the headers so that a cooling fluid may be passed from one end of'the condenser to the other through the pipes conveying thegas to be liquefied or cooled.

The condenser consists further of an outer shell or casing tom and top portions of the condenser. The headers are also provided with openings or ports which allow the water or other cooling fluid, to pass from header to the other, so that said cooling fluid may circulate about the outer surface of the pipes conveying the gas to be cooled or condensed. v

Referring more in detail to the drawings, my improved condenser consists of a bottom or supporting base 1, which is formed with a projecting flange 2. A. cylindrical outer casing 3, which may be of galvanized sheet iron or of steel, is-formedwith an outerwardly turned flange 4:, at its lower end, which seats on a gasket 5, resting onthe flange 2. Suitable bolts 6, secure a clamping ring 7, against the outwardly turned flange of the casing 3, and hold the same firmly clamped on the flange 2. A cover 8, which is preferably of cast iron, outwardly projecting flange 9. The upper end of the casing 3, is turned outwardly as at 10, and the cover rests on a gasket 11, which in turn rests on the outwardly turned flange 10, of the casing. A clamping ring 12, rests against the outwardly turned portion 10, and is clamped to the top by suitable bolts 13. Aninlet pipe 14, is connected to a passage 15, which leads to a recess or chamber 16, formed in the upper inner face of the bottom of the condenser. An outlet pipe 17, connects with apassage 18, which leads to a recess or chamber19, formed in the lower face of the top 8, of the condenser 1 Located adjacent the bottom of the condenser and supported thereby, is a header 20. This header is preferably formed of cast iron, and is so constructed as to vbe provided with a central recess or chamber 21, a series of openings 22, which lead from which is connected to the botis formed with anone side of each the upper face of the header to the recess or chamber 21, and a series of openings 23, which lead from the lower face of the header to the recess or chamber 21, therein. The openings 23, are slightly smaller in diameter than the openings 22. A second header 24, is located adjacent the upper part of the condenser, and is similar in construction to the header at the lower part thereof. That is to say, said upper header has a central chamber 21, and a plurality of openings 22, which extend through the lower face thereof, and a plurality of openings 23, which extend through the upper face of the header. Surrounding the openings 22, on each header, are spaced annular ribs 25, and 26. A pipe 27, is located concentric with each opening and has its free ends disposed between the annular ribs 25, and 26. A packing 28, is placed between the end of the pipe and the pocket or seat formed by the ribs 25, and 26. A pipe 29, passes centrally through each opening 22, and also through each opening 23. The outer end of each pipe is threaded as at 30, and a nut 31, is screwed on to the end thereof. The outer face of the header is formed with an annular rib 32, which surrounds each opening 23, and said rib 32, is spaced from the opening so as to form a seat for a packing ring 33. The nuts 31, when screwed on to the ends of the pipes, will draw the headers toward each other so that the ends of the pipes 27, will be seated between the ribs 25, and 26, and the nuts will seat against the packing 33, so that both pipes will have a water-tight connection with the headers. The pipe 29, is of smaller diameter than the diameter of the opening 22, so that a free space is formed for the passage of the gas or liquid contained in the chamber in one header, through the pipe into the chamber in the other header. The upper header 24, is provided with an intake pipe 34, which connects with a passage 35, leading to the chamber 21, in the header. The lower header 20, is provided with an outlet pipe 36, which is of smaller diameter than the intake pipe 34. This outlet pipe 36, connects with a passage 37, leading to the chamber 21, in the lower header. Each of the headers is provided with spaced outwardly projecting ribs 38, (see Fig. I), and as the outer casing 3, engages said ribs, a plurality of passages 39, extending from the one side to the other side, of each header, will be formed. The lower header is supported on an annular seat 40, formed in the base or bottom of the condenser, and a series of ports 41, connect the recess or chamber 16, formed in the bottom with passages 39, leading through the lower header.

In order to further facilitate the passage of the water or other cooling fluid from the chamber in the top and bottom of the condenser to the chamber in and about the pipes 27, I have provided each header with a plurality of ports 42, which extend from one face of the header to the other, and are formed by casting the header with vertical walls 43, which surround said openings 42. These parts are clearly shown in Figs. III, and IV.

From the above description, it will be apparent that I have provided a condenser wherein the hot gases to be cooled or liquefied, may be received through a pipe 34, into the chamber of the upper header, and caused to pass through the openings 22, into the pipe 27, and thus into the chamber 21, of the lower header, and thence through the outlet pipe 36. The cooling or condensing water is led through the condenser in the opposite direction, the intake being through the pipe 14, into the chamber 16, and from the chamber 16, through the pipes 29, which pass centrally through the pipes 27, to the chamber 19, in the top of the condenser, and thence to the outlet pipe 17. The cooling or condensing water will also pass through the ports 41, and the passages 39, and also the openings 42, and about the pipe 27, and thence through the upper header and around the upper header to the chamber 19.

In Fig. V, of the drawings, I have shown. a slightly modified form of the invention, in that T have provided the outer pipes 27, with a threaded portion 44, adjacent the end thereof, which is adapted to receive a threaded nut The openings in the head.- ers are slightly enlarged and the pipe 27, extends into these openings. A seat is formed inside of the annular rib 25, or the packing ring 28. The threaded nut 45, engages with the packing ring, and compresses it against the seat. This threaded nut serves as a means for securing the packing and also as a means for sustaining the pipe 27.

While I have described the pipe 34, as an inlet pipe and the pipe 36, as an outlet pipe, so that the hot gases to be cooled or liquefied may pass into the upper chamber or header of the condenser, and out through the lower header, it will be obvious that the gases to be cooled or liquefied may be caused to enter through the lower header, and leave through the upper header. The same is true of the cooling fluid. It may be caused to pass in the opposite direction through the condenser. The hot gases are therefore, surrounded by the cooling fluid and the cooling fluid also passes centrally through the tubes containing the hot gases, and therefore, I am able to secure a double cooling of feet on the heated gases. It will be apparent from the above description that I have provided a condenser wherein a comparatively small amount of floor space is consumed and at the same time through the double cooling action of the cooling fluid, I am able to secure an unusually eflicient cooling action, as I have provided a very large cooling surface which is exposed to the coolmg or condensing fluid.

It is obvious that minor changes in the details of construction and arrangement of parts may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, as set forth in the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, I claim: i 1. In a condenser, the combination with a base having a chamber formed in its upper face and provided with an inlet for the cooling fluid communicating with said chamber, a correspondingly formed cover having a chamber formed in its underfacc and pro vided with an outlet for the cooling fluid, a cylinder extending between the base and cover and secured'thereto, spaced upper and lower hollow headers disposed within the cylinder and spaced therefrom to provide passages leading from the chambers around the headers to the cylinder, said upper and lower hollow headers being formed with inlet and outlet openings for the fluid to be cooled, with a series of pipesconnecting the headers.

2. In a condenser, the combination with a base having a chamber formed in its upper face and provided with aninlet for the cooling fluid communicating with said chamber, of a cylinder supported on said base, a cover supported on said cylinder having a chamber formed in its under face, and provided with an outlet for the cooling fluid, upper and lower hollow headers disposed within the cylinder and respectively formed with inlet and outlet openings for the fluid to be cooled, pipes connecting said headers for directing the fluid to be cooled from one header to the other, and pipes extending through the first mentioned pipes and com- Copies of this patent may be obtained for municating with the chambers of the base and cover for directing the cooling fluid from one chamber through the fluid to be cooled to the other chamber, the base and headers being-respectively formed with communicating passages to conduct a part of the cooling fluid from one chamber to the other.

3. A condenserincluding in combination, a base havinga chamber therein, an intake pipe for said chamber, a casing mounted on said base, a top mounted on said casing and having a chamber formed therein, an outlet pipe connected with the chamber, a header resting on the base and having a chamber therein connected with an outlet pipe, an upper header adjacent the top and havlng a chamber therein connected with an intanke pipe, the adjacent faces of said headers having openings formed therethrough, and annular spaced ribs surround ing the openings, pipes having their ends placed between the ribs on the adjacent faces of the headers, pipes passing through the headers and located centrally of the first named pipes, said pipes being smaller than the openings in the headers, nuts threaded on said last named pipes for forcing one header toward another and clamping the same against said first named pipes, said headers having passages formed therethrough, whereby the cooling fluid will pass from the chamber in the bottom, through the header, and also through the central pipes to the chamber in the top of the condenser.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto signed my name at St. Louis, Missouri, this 18th day of July, 1912.

HERBERT L. BORCHERS.

Witnesses:

FRED EOKERT,

E. J. BICKEL.

five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. 0.

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