US1116959A - Fuel-pump for engines. - Google Patents

Description

W. E. VER PLANCK.

FUEL PUMP FOR ENGINES.

I APPLICATION FILED FEB.12, 1913. I 1,1 1 6,959. Patented Nov. 10, 1914.

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FUEL PUMP FOR ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED IEB.12, 1913.

1,1 1 6,959. Patented Nov. 10, 1914.

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UNITED STATES PATENT oEEIoE.

WILLIAM EVERETT VER PLANCK, OF ERIE, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

FUEL-PUMP FOR ENGINES.

. Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed February 12, 1913. Serial No. 747,955.

PLANCK, a citizen of the United States, re- .siding at Erie, in the county of Erie, State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful. Improvements in Fuel-Pumps for. Engines, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to hi h pressure pumps for supplying fuel to internal combustion engines of the high compression type, and has for its object to improve the construction thereof. a

For a consideration of what I believe to be novel and my invention, attention is directed to the accompanying description and claims appended thereto.

In the accompanying drawings is illustrated one of the embodiments of my invention wherein- Figure 1 is a partial view in side elevationof a high compression engine. having oppositely moving pistons and. arranged to actuate the pump from one of the connecting rods; Fig. 2 is an enlarged view, chiefly in side elevation, of the pump; Fig. 3 is a view in front elevation and spction of the ump; Fig. 4 is a plan view ofthe same, and

i-g. 5 1s a vertical section of the pump in the plane of the plunger.

In Fig. 1, 6 indicates the cylinder of an internal combustion engine of any suitable type. As an illustration I have shown one having oppositely moving pistons mounted in the same cylinder, one of which'is connected by the main connecting rod 7 to the crank shaft 8 and the other to said shaft by the long side rods 9. Fuel is introduced into the cylinder at a point between the pistons by the injector or pulverizer 10. Fuel is admitted to the injector from the pump bythe pipe 11 and blast air by the pipe 12. 13 indicates the pump which may be operated vin any suitable way, but by-preferonce is operated from one of the connecting rods, usually one of'the side rods 9 for con- This results in a mechanical simplification of the engine which is highly desirable.

14 indicates a lever or member that is;

lded pivotally supported at one end and at "the other end is connected by a lever or member 15 to the side rod. To the lever 14 is connected a link 16, the lower end of which is pivotally connected to the rocker 17. The rocker has-a fixed pivot-18 and in moving back and forth alternately depresses the plunger of the pump-'13 and permits it to use under spring pressure as will be described later.

Referring to Fig. 5, the pump'cornprises a casing 20 containing a cylinder 21, the upper part of which rises vertically therefrom. Located inside of the cylinder is a liner 22 in which is snugly fitted the plunger'23, the latter having annular grooves to reduce leakage. Surrounding the cylinder is a housing 24 that has a finished bore of relatively large diameter to receive the crosshead or tubular member 25. By telescop ing the pump and said member the total length of the apparatus is materially reduced. Between the cylinder and member is a. coiled compression s ring 26 which moves the plunger upwardly onits suction stroke. The lower end of the spring rests Patented N ov. 10, 1914.

on a shoulder on the casing and the upper end engages a collar 27 that is positioned on the plunger by an enlarged head 28 having a well rounded top. The crosshead comprises a hollow cylindrical part and a head'formed integral therewith in which is seated a removable flat faced and shouldered plug 29 which engages the head 28 and transmits motion thereto. Above the first is a second plug 30 of similar construction with which the roller 31, Fig. 2, on one end of the rocker 17 engages. It will be noted that the rocker,

crosshead and plunger are mechanically separate, that said crosshead is of relatively large diameter and that the point of contact between the plug 29 and the'head 28 is directly in line'with the axis of the plunger. As a result of this the plunger is not subjected to side thrust which would very soon wear the parts and cause excessive leakage, particularly'in a pump adapted to work under high pressures such as 1000 pounds per s uare inch, as in the present case. There is very little side thrust on the crosshead but such as there is is amply profor by the large bearing surfaces.

Furthermore, a side thrust on the crosshead cannot be transmitted to the plunger by reason of the fact that the flat faced plug 29 can move horizontally with respect to the rounded head 28.

In the casing is a pair of discharge valves 32 and'33 in series relation and arrange to open outwardly by fluid delivered by the plunger. Between the valves is a coiled compression spring 34 that acts to seat valve 32, valve 33 being held closed by the fluid under pressure in the conduit beyond. The valve 33 is located in a holder 35 which communicates with the pipe ll leading to the fuel injector 10, Fig. 1. The upward move ment of the valve 33 is 'nited by'a projection on the cover 36 am. the latter and the .holder are held in place by a strap 37 which engages the central part of the cover and is secured to the casing by bolts.

The suction valve 38 is provided with an elongated stem having a cap at its lower end.

The valve and cap are guided in the holder I 39 which has cut away sides to permit fuel tofreely enter from the supply chamber 40. The holder has a peripheral shoulder that is seated on the casing and a hollow nut 41 secures the holder in place. In the supply chamber is a valve lifter comprising an arm 42 carried by a spindle 43 and an adjusting screw 44. The amount of fuel discharged by the plunger on each working stroke is determined by the time of closing of the sue:

tion valve with respect to the end of said plunger stroke. In other words closing the suctlon valve earlier or later increases or decreasesthe amount of fuel passing the disvalves. 1

Referring now to Figs. 2 and 3 the means for controlling the action of the suction valve will be described. In so far as this particular feature of my invention is concerned it is 1mmaterial how the pump is constructed or actuated. Mounted on. the

fixed fulcrum or spindle 43, which has suitable bearings inthe lower part of the casing.

parts, to bring theparts into substantial alinement thereby reducing the space reuired and to cause the work-performed by t e rod to take place as nearly as possible 1n a straight line. If the valve lifter merely moved up and down and had exactly the d same travel all the time the amount of fuel discharged on each working stroke of the plunger would be constant. In order to reg 1 ulate the effective discharge of fuel from the pump the rod 46 is arranged to slide on the lever 45 toward and away from the spindle 43-, which supports it and the lifter, thereby changing the amount of travel of the-lifter. Between the rod and lever is a ball and socket 46 to reduce friction. The valve lifter and lever 45 must be so related to the valve and its seat that the valve is released and permitted to seat on each working stroke of the plunger for a greater or less portion thereof, depending upon the load. To this end a means is provided for sliding 'the'lower end of the rod which'means comprises a lever 47 that is mounted on a spindle 48 and a link 49 between the lever and sliding rod 46. To the spindle 48 is'connected another lever 50 which may be actuated by hand where manual control is desired or by .the ordinary speed governor where automatic control is desired. As shown the lever is hand actuated and carries a spring pressed latch 51.for en- 'gagement with a toothed sector '52. The re- -lation of the parts is such that as the lower end of the link is progressively moved away from the spindle 43 the amount of 'fuel' delivered on each pump stroke is decreased.

When in the extreme outer position the suction valve may be held open during the entire working stroke. This forms a simple and effective means for shutting down-the engine by cutting off the fuel supply to the injectors or pulverizers. On the other hand as the lower end of the sliding connecting rod is progressivley moved toward the spindle 43 the amount of fuel delivered on each working stroke is increased. If desired the rod can be moved to such a position that the lifter is moved out of the position where it can control the suction valve. tion of parts is useful in startin where full' supply of fuel is often desire interme diate positions of course result in varying amounts of fuel being delivered by the pump.

Referring more especially to Figs. 1 and 2 as the engine pistons move u and down motion is imparted to the mem ers 14 and 15 by the connecting rod 9. As the rod moves upwardly the-pivot 53 uniting the members Such a relais moved to the left and since the link 16 is left together with-the pump plunger and crosshead or tubular guide 25 against the action of the spring 26, Fig. 5. On the downward movement of the rod 9 the pivot 54-.

suck in a charge of fuel. To vary the amount of fuel delivered the lower end of the link 46 is moved in one direction or the other to satisfy the load requirements either by'a speed governor or a manually actuated lever.-

Fuel from the pump flows through the pipe 11 to the injector from which it is introduced into the engine in any suitable way, as by a blast of high pressure air admitted by the pipe 12.

In accordance with the provisions of the patent statutes, I have described the principle of operation of my invention, together with the apparatus which I now consider to represent the best embodiment thereof; but- I desire to have it understood that the apparatus shown is only illustrative, and that the invention can be carried out by other means.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is 1. In a pump the combination of a cylinder, suction and discharge valves therefor, a plunger, a tubular member telescoping with the cylinder, the head of which member rests on the plunger, a spring for moving the lunger in one direction, a rocker for mov-- lng said member and the plunger against the spring, and means for moving the rocker.

2. In a pump the combination of a cylinder, suction and discharge valves therefor, a plunger, a tubular member which surrounds the plunger and one end of the cylinder, a compression spring which is located between the cylinder and said member for moving the plunger in one direction, and means for applying end pressure to the member for moving the plunger against the action of the spring. I

3. In a pump, the combination of a cylinder, suction and discharge valves therefor, a

' plunger, a casin for the cylinder, a housing that surrounds t e cylinder, a tubular member which rests on the top of the plunger, and is uided by the housing, a compression spring that tends at all times to move the plunger out of the cylinder and also to move said member, and means for moving the member and through it the plunger against the action of said spring.

4. In a pump, the combination of a cylinder,'a plunger therefor having a rounded head, a collar on the plunger under the head, a spring which engages the collar for moving the plunger on the suction stroke, a tubular member that surrounds the plunger and spring, a guide for the member, a means carried bythe-guide which rests on saidi-he'adg and means or depressing the member and through it the plunger. 5. In a pump, the combination of a cylin-. der, valvestherefor, a plunger, a crosshead that is in telescopic relation to the cylinder and plunger, a means for moving the plunger on theworking stroke, and a means for moving the plunger on its compression stroke which surrounds the cylinder and is situated. between it and. the crosshead.

6. The combination of an engine having a connecting rod uniting its piston and shaft and a fuel injector, with a pump for supplying fuel to the injector, a rocker for actuating the pump, a pair of pivotally united members, one of which is plvotally attached to the rod, a fixed ivot for the other member, and a connectlon between the members and rocker for actuating it.

7. In a pump, the combination of a cylinder, suction and discharge valves therefor, a plunger, means for actuating it, a suction valve lifter, a lever attached thereto, a rod which is pivotally attached to a movable part of the pump at one end and is in sliding engagement with the lever at the other, and means for sliding the rod on'said lever.

8. In a pump, the combination of a cylinder, suction and discharge valves therefor, a plunger, means for actuating it, a suction valve lifter, a lever attached thereto, a rod which is pivotally attached to a movable part of the pump at one end and is in slidable engagement with the lever at the other, a rock-shaft, and means for connecting the shaft and rod for sliding the latter on the lever.

9. In a pump, the combination of a cylinder,.su'ction and discharge valves therefor, a plunger, atubular member, means for actuating the plunger through said member, a lifter for the suction valve, a lever attached thereto, a rod ivotally attached to the member at one end and in slidable engagement with the lever at the other, and means for sliding the rod on the lever to control the action of the lifter on the suction valve.

10. In a pump, the combination of a cylinder, suction and discharge valves'therefor, a plunger, means for actuating it, a suction valve lifter, a lever attached thereto, a rod which is pivotally attached to a movable able engagement with the lever at the other, a rock-shaft, means connected to the shaft and rod for slidin the latter on the lever,-

' part of the pump at one end and is in slidber pivoted to the connecting rod and a S80? 0nd member pivoted to the first named member 12. The combination of an engine having a connecting rod between its shaft and piston, a pump for supplying fuel to the engine said pnmp having a plunger, and means for actuating the pump plunger from the connectmg rod, said means comprising a mem-

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