US1112339A - Pump. - Google Patents

Description

P. G. TEUFL.

PUMP. l APPLICATION FILED APEL'IB, 1913. y

Patented Sept. 29, 1914.

o e ee anni E 3 Franz Car` [DSW Inventor- Teufl His oflttorngy FRANZ cant TEUFL, or oiL CITY, PENNSYLVANIA, AssieNon To oFFioE.

GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, 'A CGRPORATION OF NEW YORK.

PUMP.

Specieation or Letters Patenti PatentedSept'. 29, 1914.

appiicaariaiea apra is, isis. serial No. reims.

T all whom. it may concern.Y

Be it known that I, FRANZ CARL TE'UFL, a subject of the `Emperor ot Austria-Hungary, residing at Oil City., county of Venango, State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements 1n Pumps, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to pumps and more especially to pumps for supplying fuel under high pressure to internal cornbustion engines operating on the high com` pression plan.

The object of my invention is to provide f a pump of improved construction, and for a consideration of what I believe to be novel and my invention attention is directed to the I accompanying description and claims zippended thereto.

In the accompanying drawing, which is illustrative of my invention, Figure 1 is a view in side elevation of an internal conibustion engine equipped with lmy improved I pump; Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of the pump; Fig. 3 is a transverse section through the means for actuating the cut-ol l valve, and Figs. 4, 5 and G are detailed views l illustrating the different positions of the! cutoff valve under different conditions of load. l

Fig. 1 illustrates an engine of any suitable construction comprising a. base l0 and a main crank shaft 11. On top ot the base is a cylinder 12 containing a piston which is .l connected to the main shaft in the ordinary l way. I have shown only one cylinder, but it is to be understood that as many cylinders may be provided as are desired. l may use one pump i'ior all oiu the cylinders, but prefer` ably a pump is provided tor each cylinder. Mounted in the head of the cylinder is a. sprayer or fuel injector 13 of any suitable construction. Fuel is or may be injected from the sprayer to the cylinder by compressed air admitted to the ipc 14 from any suitable source of supply. llfor simplicity I have omitted the fuel valve and its actuator. 15 indicates the stem of the exhaust valve which is actuated by a rocker arm 1 6 from the halt speed cam shaft 17 in the usual way. 18 indicates a conduit for carrying ol the Iexhaust gases. The cam shaft 17 is mounted in bearings carried by brackets attached to the hase of the engine. T he bracket alsol supports the cylinder 19 oi is puni p. Situated in back of the pump cylinder is a rertical shaft 20 that `is driven by the cam shaft. On the upper end ofthisfshaft is a speed governor 2l of any suitable construction. 22 indicates the sliding collar of the speed governor `whicliis moved up and down by the governor Weights as the speed ofthe engine changes. 23 indicates a governor lcver which is connected to thecutoff valve of the pump as will be described more fully hereinafter.

Referring to Fig. 2, 19 indica tes the pump cylinder and located therein is ahollow pliniger 24 which has one or more ports 25 and a seat 26 for the cutoff valve 27. Just above the seat are one or more ports 28 in the plunger which communicate .with the pump chamber 29. Surroundingthe upper end ot .the stein of valve 27 is a collar 30 in which the valve is free to slide. The collar limits the downward movement of the cutoitl'l valve, but has no eiiect upon its upward movement. The position of the collar' is determined by the speed governor acting through a forked arm 3l which is mounted on the rock shaft 32. rlhe rock shaft is mounted in hearings in the pump casing or cylinder and is suitably packed to prevent leakage; On one end of the rock shaft is an arm that is connected by the rod 36 with the governor actuated lever 23. As the speed of the engine changes the collar is moved up or down and the period of closing of the cutol'l' valve is, theretore, changed. lv inav depend upon gravity to close the valve 27 or tlie actionof gravity may be supplenici'itcd by a light: compression spring" 37. Mounted on top oi" the pump cylindcris a litting contuining' an overflow or relief valve 3S which is normally held against its seat by a Sliding member 39,:ind a relatively stiff and adjustable spring L10. When the valve is opened by reason of a. predetermined pressure in the chamber 29, as it is on each Working stroke of the plunger 24, the r\'l.ess fuel escapes by the pipe 41 back to the tank or other source of supply. lhclower `nd of the plunger is provided with ing 42, and is actuated by crank 48 mounted on the cain shaft 17 and by a connecting rod 44.. 45 indicates a ball suction valve and 46 a ball discharge valve. Leading to the suction valve is a conduit that uy suitable paek-` an eccentric orI be arranged to feed fuel by gravity to 'the pump. 48 indicates a assage that is in commumcation with the all valves and with the port or portslin the pump plunger. Surrounding the plunger in the region of movement of the ports 25 and .separated therefrom by a space,.is a gland 49 containing orifices 50 through which uel'enters the plunger .on the suction stroke and is discharged therefrom on the working stroke. Above and below the f' gland are disks 51 which are steated on packing material surrounding the plunger and serve to hold the gland in place.

The action of my improved pump is as follows: As t-he plunger moves downwardly from the inner endl of its stroke the cutoff valve 27 is opened by the pressure difference acting on opposite sides thereof. This 1s dile to t e fact that as soon as the plunger starts'to move downwardly it increases the cubical 'contents of the pump chamber 29,

thereby tending to createv a vacuum there- 1n. the plunger-more or less closely due to the u. action of gravity `and spring 3.7 until the valve -4.5 closes and the flui the plunger is forced downward through.

shoulder on its upper end strikes the collar -30 whose position is. 'determined by the overnor. As soon as the valve opens,

uid from the" source of supply iiows past the suctlon valve into the passage48 and orifices through the port 25'into the plunger and into the chamber 29 through ports 28..

This action continues until the plunger reaches its lowest position. On the upward or working stroke of the plun er the suction displaced by the interior of the plunger and p'ort or ports 25 into the passage-48,.th.ence past the valve 46.into the pipe 47, from which it flows to the sprayer or injector 13. This action continues until the seat 26 on the plunger engages thelower end of the. cuto valve 27. As soon as this happens'thesupply of fuel to the engine is cut od. Since this closing of the valve take place before the-end of theplunger stroke, it. follows that'means must be provided to take care of the excess fuel discharged by tlu` pump. Such a means found inthe over-How of relief valve 3S that opens in response to pressure in. 'the pump chamber 29 and discharges the excess through thepipe 41to .the tank or other source of supply.l It will we noted'th'at the pump begins to deliver iiel at the same point on each stroke, z'. e., at the-beginning thereof, and that the termination of the efective ump 'stroke is. regulated by the seating o the cutoff valve 27 whichmay be 'it permits-the use' of a smal The valve 27 follows the movement 0j' governor belng required only .toovercomev earlier or later, depending upon the load on the engine. The time of closing of the valve is determined by the position of the collar 30, the latter' being set by the action of the speed governor 21.

I In Fig. 4 is shown the 4relation of the arts lwhen theI engine is operatinfr under full load conditions; that is `to say, tlie valve 27 does not close until nearly the end of the working stroke of the lunffer.

Fig. 5 is a similar view schowing the position that the valve occupies for partial loads,-say one-half load for example.

In Fig. 6 is shown the relation of the valve when the engine is operating under li'ht load conditions; that is to say, the time o closingl of the cutoff valve 27 with respect to t e stroke of the plunger is earlier. The effect of this of course is to decrease the amount of fuel supplied to the engine.

MyA improved pump mechanism has the advantage that the amountof fuel required by the engine is regulated by the action of the'plunger andthe'cutott valve 27. Also thatin'the operation of the pump there is no force applied to, or reaction 4upon the governor parts.v This is important because governor, said the friction on the rock shaft 32 and its stulingboxes. The overflow or relief valve '38 discharges all of the excess fuel not rethe engine. The opening or clos- Hin'g of t is. valve earlier or later with required b spect to the plunger stroke' depends upon t e time of closing of the cutoif valve 27. That,is to sa when the valve 27l closes earlier, the va ve 38 will open earlier and hence a greater' amount' ofjfuel will be returned to the supply tank through the pipe 41. Conversely'alater closing of the valve 27 will mean 'a later opening of valve 38 and hence less fuel will-.be returned to the tank. This arrangement also has the advantage that' the pump will be cleaned .on each disgases instead of being trapped in the pump chamber will be carried off with the fuel through the pipe41. The parts are s de signed that even atmaximum overload there 'will be a certain small amount of fuel pass through the valve 38. .It will be also noted that the time or beginning of the discharge stroke of the pump is invariable, and that it is absolutely independent of the speed governor. Furthermore, it will be noted that the adjustment of the cutoff .valve 27 is determined by the speed governor and is not dependent upon theI position of 'the plunger.

The feature of havingthe plunger begin .110 charge stroke, and hence any'alr or foreign' to discharge fuel at the same period or portion'ofitsworking stroke under all conditlons 1s of particular importance where the pump is provided with a number of plungers, each supplying fuel to its own injector, said injectors being in different engine cylinders. In othei` words all of the injectors will begin to receive fuel at the same instant, and hence the proper relation between the parts can be determined with accuracy.

.ln accordance with the provisions of the patent statutes, I have described the prnthe cylinder and thek disciarge therefrom,

and a valve located in the cylinder that ceoperates with the plunger to cut olf the discharge of fluid from the cylinder.

2. In a pump. the combination of a cylinder, a hollow plunger therefor, an actuator for the plunger, conduits conveying fluid to the cylinder and the discharge therefrom, a valve located in the cylinder that cooperates with the plunger to cut. eff the discharge of fluid from the cylinder, and an overflow valve which opens after the cut-off valve is seated.

3. ln a pump, the combination of a cylinder, a hollow plunger having an inlet port and a valve seat, an actuatorl for the pluncjer, conduits conveying Huid to the cylinder and the discharge therefrom, a valve located in the cylinder which engages said seat at some portion of the plunger stroke 'to out off' the-discharge from the cylinder, and means for determining the time of closing; of the cutoff valve with respect to the stroke ot' the plunger.

fl. In a. pump, the combination of a cylinder, a hollen7 plunger therefor through which `Huid passes from the cylinder on its discharge stroke, an actuator for the plunger, eoinluits conveying fluid to the cylinder and the dis( h: rge therefrom, a valve located in. the cylinder which cooperates with the plunger to cut ott the discharge of fluid from the cylinder, and means for adjusting the valve to determine the time of closure thereof and regulate the amol'lnt of fluid discharged on each plunger stroke.

5. ln a pump, the combination of a Cylinder, suction and discharge valves therefor, a hollow plunger, an actuator for the plunger, a cutoff valve that cooperates with the plunger to determine the amount of fluid deliv ered on each plunger stroke, means for determinino the time of closing of the cutoff valve, and a pressure actuated relief valve that opens to relieve the cylinder of. fluid as the plunger continues its stroke after the cutoftl valveis seated.

(l. ln aA pump, the combination of a cylinder. suction and discharge valves therefor, a hollow plurt'erthat has -aport at rone end and a. valve seat at the other, an actuator therefor, a cut-olf valve that enters and is guided by the wall of the plunger and en- 4cantes lsaid seat to cutoff the d;-'ch-ir;;re of fluid from the inside of the plunger to the discharge valve, a means zur. adjusting the cutoff valve, and a pressure actuated relief valve.

f7. In a pump` the combi lation of a cylinder, a. hollow plunger therefor, an actuator for the plunger, conduits con veyii'ng' fluid to and from the cylinder, a valvelocatcu 'in the cylinder that i-opcrates with the plunger to determine thc point of cut-off, and a speed governor that adjusts the valve.

8. The combination with an internal co1nbustionengrinc of a fuel pump therefor comprising a cylinder, a hollow plunger, an actuator for the plunger, -.on(luits conveying; fuel to and from the cylinder, inlet and outletvalves in the conduits, a valve in the cylinder that seats on the plunger to determine the point of cubed, a relief valve that opens after the cutoii' valve closes, and a speed governor driven by the enginethat regulates the closing of the cut-olf valve.

S). The combination of an internal com liustion engine with a fuel pump therefor comprising' a cylinder, suction and discharge valves therefor, a hollov plunger in, the cyl.- inder which begins to deliver fuel through the discharge valve at the same period on each 'working stroke, an actuator for the plunger which imparts to it a stroke of constant length and in the same region, a cutelf valve located in the cylinder which is seated on the plunger at each Working stroke, means for adjusting the position of the valve within the cylinder so that it Will be seated earlier or later, and means receiving fuel from the pump during the working stroke and after the cutoff valve is seated.

10. In a pump, the combination of a cylinder, a plunger therefor, an actuator for the plunger, inlet and outlet passages for conveying fluid to and from the cylinder, I

suction and discharge valves in said passages controlling the flow of fluid therethrough, valve means located in said chamber and controlled by the plunger for eutting olf communication between the chamber and the outlet passage, and means for receiving' the fluid displaced after said Valve means has closed.

1'1. In a pump, the combination of a cylinder having a pump chamber therein, a plunger therefor, an actuator for the lunger, conduits having suction and disc large valves therein, said plunger having a pas sage therethrough which connects said con-l duits with the pump chamber, and a valve for closing 'said passage to control the quantit-y of fluid delivered by the pump.

12. In apump, the combination of a cylinder having a pump chamber therein, a

plunger therefor, an actuator for the plunger, conduits having suction'and discharge inder having a pump chamber therein, a

plunger therefor, -said plunger having a passage therethrough Which communicates with the chamber, suction and discharge conduits which communicate with the chamber through said passage, a valve seat on the plunger, a valve in they chamber which engages the seat to cut off communication between the conduits and the chamber, and means for moving the valve relative to the seat to vary the time of closing.

14. In a pump, the combination of a cylinder having a pump chamber therein, a plunger therefor, said plunger having a passage therethrough which communicates With the chamber, suction and discharge conduits which communicate with the chamber through said passage, a valve seat on the plunger, a yieldingly supported valve in the chamber which engages the seat to cut O communication between the conduits and the chamber, said valve being biased toward said seat, and an adjustable stop for limiting the movement of the valve toward the seat.

In Witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this tenth day of April, 1913.

FRANZ CARL TEUFL.

Witnesses:

' WM. H. WEIGLE, N. A. NEWTON.

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