US1115230A - Locomotive-boiler furnace. - Google Patents

Description

'0. B. MOORE.

LOGOMOTIVE 'BOILER FURNAGE. APPLICATION FILED 11116.18, 1911.

1,1 1.5,.33Cha Patented 0015.27, 1914.

entren nencini fr nannten.

CHARLES B. MOORE, OF EVANSTON, LLINOIS, ASSIGNGR TO AMERICAN ARCH CGM- EANY, OF NEW "f'OiK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEN YORK,

LOGOMOTIVE-BOILER FUHNACE.

i ,ii steso.

Specification of Letters Patent.

llatented @et 27., Millet.

Application filed December 1.8, 1911. Serial No. 666,338,

To N71/117mm it may conm/.rn

Be it known that I, CHARLES B. Moena, a citizen. ol.E the United States, residingat Evanstomin the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful lmprovements in Locomotive-Boiler Furnaces, of which the following is a speciication.

My invention relates to improvements in locomotive looiler furnaces and has particular reference to improvements in retractory hatlies, dellecting walls, or so-called arches substantially from iside sheet to side sheet,

resting upon the ens-culating tubes and comprising transverse rows or linee of emnparatively heavy suppdrting bricks alternating with simila r rows of comparatively light top 'or cover bricks whereby a light, sulistain tially impertorate arch may he. quickly huilt up within locomotive [irehox containing a plurality ot circulf-itinty tubes.

A special object ot my invention. is to provtide a sli/'stem of constructing refractory arches in the tirehoxes olf locomotive boilers containing' a plorality ot circulating tubes, hy means of which an arch can he quickly builtvor installed in any particular locomotive, of such shape, form, dimensions and surface contour that the most economical results in fuel consumption can be attained therein and atthe same time the total weight of the arch willfhe as low as consistent with the necessary strength and durability oit the arch.

My invention consists in the several improvements, the various constructifms and the combinations of parts hy which the above objects are attained together with others hereinafter aijipearing, and alias hereinafter set forth and particularly pointed trated a preferred structure, together with` several modified forms of the invention.

ln said drawings: Figure l is a vertical, longitudinal central sectional view oit a locomotive iirebox equipped with refractory arch enibodying my invention; Fig. 2 is. a horizontal, sectional view of the lirebox on the. line {Zwei} of Fig'. l; Fig. 3 is a vertical transvese sectional view onV the line 3 ot Fig. l; Fig. 4 is a detail transverse sectional view of the iirehox and arch on the line rent of Fig. 2; Fig. 5 is a detail transverse seetional view ot the lirehox and arch on the line of Fig. 2; Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 4, hut showingr a slightly dmodified structure, Fig. 7 is a ifierspective view of one o' the span or supporting bricks; l-"ig, 5l is a i'ierspective view of one ot the cover hricks showing the lower side thereof; and liig. is a perspective view showingr the upper side ot one et the cover or top bricks,-

hi'y invention is capable of embodiment in ditlerent structures occupying variousin)- sitions in the lirehox amt, although l. have chosen. to limit the illustration thereoil to sri-called liront arches my invention is not thus limited.

T he particular function oi so-called .front arches is to haliie or obstruct the direct flow ot' the. iireoox rases from the grate to the tlues and cause them to tiow backward and. 'for "ard through the length et the' firehox and thereby not only retain them in the iirebox a sufficient time to accomplish the complete eomliustion of the fuel before it escapes through the lines, hut also to cause the even distribution et the heat of combustion to the whole interior surface of the .tirehoxl A il. front arch usually occupies an inclined position in the tirehox with its forward end in close proiin'iity to or in abutment with the lower portion of the flue sheet and may or may not extend -from side sheet .to side sheet; it usually extends rearwardly to about the center of the ireloor; so thatthe gases in passing); around the rear end thereof are forced to the rear portion of the fireb'oX and consequently carry or distribute fthe heat to the rear end ot the croi n sheet weil as to the forward ein; A

A locomotive ireboX, as'illustrated, consists of a flue sheet 2, side sheets 3, 3, a crown sheet s and a rear sheet 5, and is positioned within the boiler shell 6. lt is provided with if, agrate 7 at its lower end. Fluss 8 lead forward from the flue sheet and the rear sheet contains a fuel door or opening 9. The firebox, as shown, is equipped with four substantially parallel inclined circulating tubes .ya l0, the same extending from the lower porarches that they are provided with a plu? 35 rality of subsidiary gas deiecting surfaces or walls so that as the gases flow upward along the surfaceof the arch they are deiiected downwardly at various angles and arecaused to inter-mix and intermingle in '30 such a manner that the perfect oxidation of the fuel elements is assured. These defiectmg walls also serve the purpose of causmg the cinders and solid particles of fuel which may beV raised, or carried up by the. .g5 draft from the fuel bed to be deflected or thrown back again upon the grate or fuel body.

My arch being light, or formed up of comparatively light individual bricks, soon in attains incandescence and thus assists in the ignition of the irebox gases and fuel particles, and provide many of the individual bricks with comparatively' thin ribs or walls for this purpose.

The arch, as illustra-ted, comprises a plurality` of transverse rows of supporting bricks a, alternating with similar rows of top or cover bricks b. These rows of bricks extend from side sheet to side sheet and the an arch as a whole is arranged in abutment with the Hue sheet. The bricks a and b are made as large as possible consistent with the features that they shall` not be too heavy to be handled with ease, and that they shall t5 not beso large but that they may be readily passed through the fuel door. The length of these bricks is determined by the spacing of the tubes 10. the bricks being long enough to rest upon and span the space between two B adjacent tubes. l preferably make the sup porting bricks a substantially rectangular and solid and provide their ends with grooves n. which substantially lit the tubes upon which vthese bricks rest.v The ends,L

et c2 of the bricks a, above ,l the grooves spect.

a, are beveled o r cut-back to prevent these bricks becoming cemented or fused together in the arch. These bricks being of considerable width, rest irmly in position once theyhave been placed upon the tubes. The arch illustrated contains three rows'of the bricks a spaced 'apart and held in'spaced= relation by two intermediate rows of the cover or top bricks .l The bricks b, which are pre Fei-ably much lighter than the bricks a., are formed of a thin slab or panel b provided on its under surface with' an open box-like projection b2 thereby providing the underside of the brick with va gas-mixing cavity b3, and thin depending marginal walls b4. The depending walls form abutments which contact Awith the sides of the bricks a and are adapted to retain the bricks a in spaced relation upon the tubes.

The construction of the cover bricks b with the wall b2 set in from the outer margin of the slab b provides an opening or groove b5 between the walls of adjacent brickswhen they are placed in' position.

This groove or opening b5 is somewhat'wider than the diameter of the tubes and, as shown in Fig. ll, the whole surface of the tube 10 is exposed to the fireboX gases at these points. This is an advantage in this form of construction because the tubes 10 assist greatly in the production of steam in the boiler and hence the protection of their surfaces from the heat of the iireboX gases tends to reduce their eliciency in this rc- The construction of, arch, as here described, provides a series of transverse sub! sidiary walls upon the underside of thearch which are formed by the transverse rows of suppcrting bricks c, separated by cavities, -which are coif'ered or closed at their upper ends by the top or cover bricks b; and in addition the tops of these cavities are provided with a plurality of smallerv vcavities and dependingr defiecting walls on account of the peculiar construction of the cover bricks b. In an arch ot this construction the rows of bricks a. necessarily stand the brunt of the scouring action of the cinders and solid fuel particles, and the bricks 7) are to quite an extent protected from this action hence the bricks I) can be thinner and ligher than the bricks a and yet be as long live As clearly illustrated in Figs. 4L and 5, the end or outer bricks of the various transverse rows are wedgingly 'positioned between the outer tubes and the respective side sheets of the fircbox and are not. only themselves thus securely held in-their positions, but they also prevent any lateral. movement of the arch, as a whole, or of the tubes in the reboX, such movement when aol occurring ytending to deteriorate or destroy lli (gli

rimase inotive without detrimental effects, the end bricks may be dispensed with as far as this function is concerned 'when it is desired to reduce the lateral width of the arch, or certain of these bricks may be omitted in the construction of the arch.'

ln building arches according to my invention,-l first place a transverse row of the supporting bricks a` upon thetubes l adjacent to or 'in abutment with the liuc sheet wedging the outer or end bricks of the row between the outer tubes and the side sheets. l: then place a second row of these support ing bricks upon the tubes above the 'first row retaining them -in position by means of a transverse row of the cover bricks Z) which rest upon and space these rows of support.i ing bricks apart. l thencomplete the arch by adding further rows of `the supporting bricks and cover bricks in like manner until the arch is made of su'liicient length or height to suit the iirebox and locomotive in which it is being` installed.` lt will now bc seen that my arch, containi'uig` but two brick forms lends itself readily to the installation and maintenance of arches upon a railroad system Which is of wide extension; in that it is necessary to carry a stock of but these two forms of bricks at points where it is desired to make necessary repairs or installations. llurther, the arch which l have produced is one which can be ins l" d at a minimum expenditure of time ant i' it is built of individual bricks themselves can be readily placed in l i The form Aof my arch adds very gi .t u the eiliciency of such structures o that attained by an arch composed o, ly of bricks pf the forni of solid or su forting bricks a.. llot only is the arch muc lighter in itself and hence less expensive, this being permissible onaccou'nt of raising the alternate rows of bricks out of the direct path or action of the cinders or fuel particles, but being light it does not 4end to deteriorate or destroy the circuit, g tubes l() to the same extent that a vheavier arch would.

lt is sometimes desirable to make the arch .of a heavier construction on account of the` peculiar 'action or strength ofthe draft, in certain locomotives, and to inect this rcouireinent ll sometimes make my arch of the form illustrated in Fig. G in which the bricks l) are made inucb. heavier than the preferred form and the end bricks of the transverse rows, which contain. the bricks b,

are preferably of the solid forni or supp'orting bricks a. An arch being made Iof this form, beingv heavier, contains and carries considerably more heat than the lighter construction and is to a certain extent stronger latter desirable l ing held therebyagalnst movement 'transand more durable, these qualities in this arch being obtained at the expense of the 'lightness which is usually desired in arches of this construction.

As many modifications of my invention will readily suggest themselves to one skilled in the art, I do not limit my invention to the specific structures herein shown and described. ,l

l-laving thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

1. A locomotive'boiler lirebox having a' plurality of arch tubes, in combination with a refractory arch body resting on said tubes,

saicl body comprising a plurality of longi tudinally spaced transverse rows of rela tively heavy supporting bricks having tube receiving grooves in their ends, which bricks extend between and rest upon said tubes, and relatively light or cover bricks which rest on said supporting bricks and close the spaces between the rows thereof, said cover bricks being provided on their under surfaces with gas-mixing pockets or cavities, substantially described.

2. A locomotive boiler irebox containing arch supporting tubes, in combination with a plurality of spaced apart transverse rows of refractory bricks resting upon and depending between said arch tubes, said bricks having` tube receiving Igrooves at their ends and a plurality of thin walled arch` cover bricks resting on said transverse rows of bricks closing the. spaces between them and spacing there apart, and cach of said cover bricks being` provided with'a gas-mixing pocket or cavity on its under side, substantially as described.

A locomotive boiler iireboX having a pliuality of arch tubes, in combination with a plurality of transverse rows of relatively heavy solid span bricks, said bricks having tube receiving grooves or sockets at their ends and sa id bricks being supported by and depending from and between id arch tubes, and a, plurality of cover bricks in turn supported by said span bricks andclosing the openings between the rows thereof from side to side of the iireboX, said cover bricks each being provided ywith a depending portion adapted to engage the span bricks and hold them in spaced relation, longitudinally in the ireboX, said depending portion having a` downwardly opening gas-mixing cavity of relatively large area, substantially as described.

4e. .er locomotive boiler firebox containing a plurality of inclined, substantially parallel arch tubes, in combination with two or more transverse rows of relatively heavy refractory bricks longitudinally spaced apart upon said Atubes and abutting the sides of the lirelbox, each brick of said rows depending below the upper surface' of said tubes and beversely in the iirebox and plurality of relatively light cover bricks closing the spaces between said rows, each of said cover bricks being supported by two said rows and each' having a gas-mixing cavity of relatively large area in its lower side, substantially as described.

5. A locomotive boiler firebox containing a plurality of Iinclined arch tubes, in com bination with two or more transverse rows of refractory bricks supported by said tubes and abutting the side sheets of the firebox und spaced apart at different heights on said tubes, each said row comprising bricks having tube fitting and engaging grooves at their ends and a plurality of relativelyT light refractory cavitied bricks supported at their ends by adjacent transverse rows of refractory bricks and closing the spaces between said rows from side sheet to side sheet of 4the rebox, substantially as described.

6. A locomotive boiler ireboX containing arch tubes, in combinationwith two or more rows of relatively heavy refractory bricks arranged transversely therein supported by and spaced apart upon said tubes, the individual bricks of said rows having tube receiving and engaging grooves at their ends, incombination with refractory 'cavitied bricks resting upon and connecting said rows, extending downwardly therebetween and forming therewith an arch containing one or more transverse closed topped recesses or pockets, each thereof. having plurality of subsidiary po'cke'ts in its 'top comprising a plurality of. rows of refrac-A tory bricks, each rowl being composed of several bricks having their ends in engaging abutment withsaid tubes, said rows being spaced apart on said tubes, and a substantially imperforate cavity containing refractory covering resting uponeach of the adjacent pairs of said rows laterally coextensive therewith and providing the archv with a plurality of top closed transversely extending recesses, each of said recesses being provided with a plurality of gas-mix ing`cavities in its upper end, substantially as described.

v8. A` locomotive boiler iirebox containing a plurali-ty of inclined parallel arch-sup-l porting water tubes., in combination with a plurality of parallel spans, each composed of several refractory bricks arranged endtoend and resting transversely upon said tubes, said spans being spaced-apart upon .said tubes, andfrows of coverbricks inter#` mediate said spans, each of said cover bricks beingprovided with a depending'inner portionfhaying a downwardly opening gasarea, said cover bricks resting upon and spacing apart said span bricks and exposing the tubes between the spans to the action of.

the gases of combustion, substantially as described.

9. A locomotive boiler irebox, in combination with a pluralityv of inclined arch tubes therein, refractory spans disposed upon said tubes and spaced apart longitudi-- nally thereon, each, said span comprising a number of separateA bricks of lengthsl substantially corresponding to the spacing of `said tubes and having tube receiving' and engaging grooves at tlieirends and refractory arch cover bricks span-ning the space between resting upon and spacing apart said spans, each of said cover bricks being pro-A vided with a shallow, gas-mixing pocket or cavity in its lower side.`

10. In' a locomotive iirebox, a plurality of parallel arch tubes extending-longitudinally in the iireboX, in combination with longitudinal parallel rows of irebricks in said fire- L-ox, each' row restin upon a pairvo'f adjacent tu.bes,'the bric rs thereof being socketed at their lends to engage said tubes, said rows lying adjacent to each other and the adjacent ends of the bricks in said adjacent rows engaging the saine tube, said bricks in cach row being spaced apart longitudinally, and cavitied cover bricks with flanges there-V on resting upon and spacing apart thev first said bricks.

1l. In a locomotive irebox, a plurality l parallel arch tubes extending longitudinally. in the irebox, in combination with socketed supporting bricks resting upon and engag ing said tubes by means of the sockets on said bricks, and thin spacing cover bricksv ,resting upon and spacing said. socketed bricks apart, said coverbricks each hav- 'ing a depending marginal rib or web spaced inward from the edge thereof forming supporting or spacing shoulders at the longitudinal ends, said rib or shoulder at the side toward the tube being spaced inward away from the tube.

l2. A. locomotive boiler iirebox having. a

roo

plurality of arch tubes, in combinationwith 13. A locoinotiveboiler fireboahavingra i .plurality 'off inclined parallel water-circular ing' tubes extendingfromthe lower front '..iiiumg pocketthereinfof relatively large end fofthef'iirebos'to the upper rear end miese@ said bricks 'being of substantially rectangu v lar shape and solid and having transversesockets or grooves -on Vtheir lower. end cor '11ers adapted to fit upon said' tubes for supporting said bricks at each end and. re1atively light thin firebricks resting along their edges on said massive bricks and each having a depending hollow member formed with opposing shoulders to space the rows Witnesses.

oi' massive breks apart and having a downwardly opening gasmiXing pocket 4therein. In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand, this 5th day of December, 15

1911, in the presence of two subscribing CHARLES, B. MOORE.

Witnesses:

EDWARD F. TNILSON,- CHAs. GILBERT HAWLEV.

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