US111512A - Improvement in lamps for coal-oil stoves - Google Patents

Description

J. BOWLES. Y

vLAMP POR COAL OIL STOVES.

Patented Feb. 7, 1871.

dirai/rb iatrt aan naar .JOHN BOWLES, OF AUGUSTA, GEORGA, ASSIGNOR TO HIMSLF AND SAMUEL BARD, OF SAME PLAGE.

Letters Patent No. 111,512, dated February 7, 187ml;

IMPROVEMENT IN LAMns FOR coAL-oiL s'rovEs.

The Schedule referred to in these'Letters Patent and making pari? Qf the Same.

tain Improvements in Lamps for Goal-oil Stoves,.of

which the following isa specification.

Nature and Objects of the4 Invention.

lThe first part of my invention relates to an im-` provemcnt 1n the form of thc water-pan to be interposed between the oil-reservoir and the burners of a coal-oil lamp, and consists in the formation of recesses on the under side thereof, to embrace and cover the toothed or ratchet-wheels and rods ou either-'side of the wick-tubes, serving to operate the wicks therein; the object of this partei my invention being to proevide a water-pan which shall rest closely and accuratel y upon a lamp or oil-reservoir, whose wick-ratchets are arranged immediately upon the top thereof, and to obtain thereby more compactness in the-'structure of the complete larnp.

The second part of my ,invention relates to the combination oi' jackets of= cloth or other.absorbentmaterial with the exterior surfaces of the projections in the' water-pan made to embrace the wick-'tubes of the lamp; the object of this part oi' my invention being to keep said wick-tubes cool by cooling the inclosing cas.

ing with a const-antsupply o f moisture.

lhe third part of my invention relates to the use of 'one or more vertical partitions placed in the wicktubes, transversely or parallel with the ends thereof,

to divide the same longitudinally into separate tubes,

so closely approximating,however, that the ends of the wicks placed therein, although separated, shall very nearly touch, and will produce an unbroken flame from end to end ofthe nick-tube; the object of this part of my invention being to overcome the ditticulties in obtaining a uniform elevation and depression of the cxtremely'wide wicks required in lamps for `coal-oil stoves, by dividing the same into sections, so -that while each may be moved independently with 'as lunch ease and regularity as a simple narrow wick, their simultaneous movement and close approximation will produce theeffect of an unbroken wick equal in width to their combined widths.

lhe fourth part of vmy invention relates to an irnproved form of wick-arrester, consisting of a bent spring or pawl placed exactly opposite each ratchetwheel operating the wick, but on the side ofthe wickvtube opposite thereto, so that 'the upper end oi' the -spring shall bear through a slot in the wick-tube `against the wick therein, or,jit' the upper end of the wick drops down 'below the saine, shall spring across the tube and engage the teeth ot' the ratchet, so as to prevent its further revolution before the wick has fallen entirely below the reach of the ratchet-teeth; and in the combination with said spring ot a cam ou a horizontal rod, whereby the spring may be thrown and faste'ned back when it is desired to relieve the. wick from its operation. The 'object of this lpart of' my invention is to prevent, by an automatic device, the accidental forcing back of the wick into the oil.- reservoir, fromwhich it could not be removed without` tliiiciilty.

' .Description of the Acconqumy'ing Drawing. Figure 1 is a front elevation of my improved coaloil lamp and heating apparatus. v Figure 2, a vertical section thereof transversely to the wick-tubes, in line :t :t of iig. 4.

Figure 3, a top view of the water-pan covering the oil-reservoi r.

Figure 4, a top view of the oil-reservoir, with the water-pan removed.

Figure 5,.enlargedsectional views ot' the wick-tubes. and their ratchet-wheels7 illustrating the combination of the-arresting springs therewith. i

General -Dcscriptfio n.

A is'the oil-reservoir, of the-wide, dat, and shallow form usually adopted for use with coal-oil stoves.

B B, two parallel wick-tubes projecting from the top thereof, and securely fastened thereto'with tight joints. These wick-tubes are extremely wide, as illnstrated in iig. 4, to produce wide-extended iames, but they are divided cach into two sections by a thin central transverse partition, o, tig. 4, so thateach wick is necessarily divided longitudinally in extending across the tube from end to end, or, rather, each tube is filled by two wicks, each fitting one of the sections, as'illustrated in said fig. 4.

l) is an openingin the top ot' the reservoir through which it is illed with oil. This opening is fitted with a nozzle covered by a cap, D, and is provided with a iloat-rod, d, inserted therein to indicate automatically the height of the oil in the vessel.

E E are lratchet-wheels, or toothed wheels formed and'itted as usual to the wick-tubes upon horizontal rods or shaft-s extending to 4the outer edge of the vessel, and terminating in thumb-screws e e, as shown in iig. 4'. Two of said ratchet-wheels are provided for each division of the wicks, as illustrated in said figs-t.

Opposite a ratchet-wheel of each wick, andl on the opposite side ofthe wick-tube therefrom, is secured a spring, F, (see tig. 5,) whose upper free end is bent inward so as to pass through a slot in the wick-tube, and, when no wick inter-venes, engage with the teeth of the opposite ratchet-wheel, so as to prevent a revolution thereof. When the wick intcrvenesthe spring bears thereon, but with such moderate pressure as not to impede its increment. Hence when the wick is above the lratchet-wheel thc latter is free to more in either direction to elevate 'or depress the wick, but so soon as the wick drops below the upper tooth of the wheel, then projecting into th'e tube so as to expose it, the spring Aflies in over the wick, and, by engaging said tooth, prevents a further revolution ofthe wheel, and thus prevents the wick from being turned down entirely out of its reach, as clearly illustrated in? iig. 5 of the drawing.

In order to retract the springs or pawls Flcams g g (see iig. 5) are placed under each of them, upon rods G G (see ijg. 4) extending, parallel to the rods carrying the ratchet-wheels, ou'tI to thc front of the lamp. The front ends of these cam-rods G G are bent, (see ig. 4,) to facilitate the partial revolution thereof required in order to cause the cams g g to bear outwardly upon the springs F1? and retract them from the toothed wheels E E and frompressure bpon the Wicks.

H is the water-pan of 1n y improved'stove-lamp. It is formed with separate arched recesses in its under side, terminating upwardly iu extended flat tubes, said recesses and tubes being made to fit over, embrace, and cover the toothed wheels, springs, and wick-tubes projecting'from the top of the oil-reservoii-A, as illustrated'in the sectional iig. 2, and also in fig.

tPhe two arched recesses Communicate with a tiat recess, c, (see top view thereof in iig. 8,) extending to the outer edge of the vessel, through or under which the ends of the ratchet and cam-rods extend to the iront when the water-pan is placed upon the oil-reser- 1 voir. The front portion of the pan is cut out with a semicurcular notch, (see fig. 3,) to embrace the nozzle D of the oil-reservoir.

Upon the upperl side oi' the projecting arches in the water-pau forming the arched recesses on the nnder side thereof, covering the ratchet-wheels ofthewick-tubes, and .about the iiat tubes projecting from the arches to embrace said wick-tubes, I place closeiitt-ing jackets K K, of felt, cotton cloth, or other absorbent material, to extend fronn the bottom of the pau to near the upper edge of the tubes, so as to keep lsaid tubes constantly wet, and consequently cool, when the lamp is burning. v

Over this water-pan and the burners projectingtherefrom, I support, upon legs L L, an annular plate, M, upon which is placed a drum, completing the appa;

ratus for cooking and heating purposes. This drum consists of a bottom plate, O, provided with extended cones P P of ordinary form, to iit over the upper ends of the wick-tubes and supply air to the flame, and with metallic chimneys RR, which are secured 'at their lower ends to thc bottom plate O, so as to embrace the cones P P, and at .their upper ends to a top plate, S, through which they project slightly, as shown in iig. l; and it is completed by an outer perforated plate, N', secured to the rims of thc-top and bottom plates S O, and inclosing the chimneys P R with an open chamber, :is illustrated in iig. 2.

Openings 'l T, fig; 1,`larc provided for lighting the wicks and viewing' the llames, said openings being closcdby means of a sliding door, iV, provided with mica windows corresponding thereto.

rlhe ovens and other cooking-utensils to beused ywith this stove are'supported over the top plate S, or

combined therewith in the usual'manner.

I am aware that two or more Wicks have been use d in a divided wick-tube in ordinary lamps for the purpose ofl increasing the light, but my improvements in wick-tubes are contined to lamps used for heating purposes, where the wicks are so placed in relation to each other as that there is butone breadth ofwick in a horizontal line.

tubes projecting from the bottom of thewater-pnu,

to cover the same, substantially in the manner and for the purpose herein set forth.

3. One or more vertical,transverse partition-plates, c, secured in vthe wick-tubes of a lamp for coal-oil stoves parallel to the ends of said tubes, so as to divide the wide wicks usually employed therein into two or more sections, substantially in the manner and for the purpose herein set forth.

4. A spring or pawl, F, so combined with the wielttube of an oil-lamp as to Aengage the teeth of'the ratchet-wheel operating the wick therein, when the wick is not interposed Abetween them, all substantially as and for the purpose herein set forth.

5. The combination of a cam, g, with the'spring F, engaging the ratchet-wheel of the wicktub'e of a lamp, and with au operating-rod, G, all substantially as and for the purpose herein set forth.

. Witness my hand tothis specification.

.Witnessem 4 'JOHN BOWLES.

DAVID A. BURR, H. H. YOUNG.

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