US11136526B2 - Anti-friction lubricant for coating engine pistons - Google Patents

Anti-friction lubricant for coating engine pistons Download PDF

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Publication number
US11136526B2
US11136526B2 US16/088,968 US201716088968A US11136526B2 US 11136526 B2 US11136526 B2 US 11136526B2 US 201716088968 A US201716088968 A US 201716088968A US 11136526 B2 US11136526 B2 US 11136526B2
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Prior art keywords
piston
percent
weight
coating
piston according
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US16/088,968
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US20190127657A1 (en
Inventor
Dominik Leitzmann
Monika Blumm
Thomas Fuhrmann
Margrit Dannenfeldt
Achim Adam
Jurgen Reitenspiess
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Federal Mogul Nuernberg GmbH
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Federal Mogul Nuernberg GmbH
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Assigned to WILMINGTON TRUST, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, AS COLLATERAL TRUSTEE reassignment WILMINGTON TRUST, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, AS COLLATERAL TRUSTEE CONFIRMATORY GRANT OF SECURITY INTERESTS IN UNITED STATES PATENTS Assignors: BECK ARNLEY HOLDINGS LLC, CARTER AUTOMOTIVE COMPANY LLC, CLEVITE INDUSTRIES INC., FEDERAL-MOGUL CHASSIS LLC, FEDERAL-MOGUL FILTRATION LLC, FEDERAL-MOGUL FINANCING CORPORATION, FEDERAL-MOGUL IGNITION LLC, FEDERAL-MOGUL MOTORPARTS LLC, FEDERAL-MOGUL PISTON RINGS, LLC, FEDERAL-MOGUL POWERTRAIN IP LLC, FEDERAL-MOGUL POWERTRAIN LLC, FEDERAL-MOGUL PRODUCTS US LLC, FEDERAL-MOGUL SEVIERVILLE, LLC, FEDERAL-MOGUL VALVETRAIN INTERNATIONAL LLC, FEDERAL-MOGUL WORLD WIDE LLC, FELT PRODUCTS MFG. CO. LLC, F-M MOTORPARTS TSC LLC, F-M TSC REAL ESTATE HOLDINGS LLC, MUZZY-LYON AUTO PARTS LLC, TENNECO AUTOMOTIVE OPERATING COMPANY INC., TENNECO GLOBAL HOLDINGS INC., TENNECO INC., TENNECO INTERNATIONAL HOLDING CORP., THE PULLMAN COMPANY, TMC TEXAS INC.
Publication of US20190127657A1 publication Critical patent/US20190127657A1/en
Assigned to FEDERAL-MOGUL NURNBERG GMBH reassignment FEDERAL-MOGUL NURNBERG GMBH ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: BLUMM, MONIKA, ADAM, ACHIM, DANNENFELDT, MARGRIT, LEITZMANN, DOMINIK, REITENSPIESS, Jurgen, FUHRMANN, THOMAS
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Publication of US11136526B2 publication Critical patent/US11136526B2/en
Assigned to FEDERAL-MOGUL CHASSIS LLC, CLEVITE INDUSTRIES INC., TENNECO INC., FEDERAL-MOGUL POWERTRAIN IP LLC, FEDERAL-MOGUL PISTON RINGS, LLC, TMC TEXAS INC., BECK ARNLEY HOLDINGS LLC, F-M TSC REAL ESTATE HOLDINGS LLC, FEDERAL-MOGUL SEVIERVILLE, LLC, MUZZY-LYON AUTO PARTS LLC, FEDERAL-MOGUL IGNITION LLC, FEDERAL-MOGUL FILTRATION LLC, FEDERAL-MOGUL VALVE TRAIN INTERNATIONAL LLC, TENNECO INTERNATIONAL HOLDING CORP., F-M MOTORPARTS TSC LLC, CARTER AUTOMOTIVE COMPANY LLC, FEDERAL-MOGUL POWERTRAIN LLC, FEDERAL-MOGUL PRODUCTS US LLC, FEDERAL-MOGUL FINANCING CORPORATION, FELT PRODUCTS MFG. CO. LLC, TENNECO AUTOMOTIVE OPERATING COMPANY INC., FEDERAL-MOGUL WORLD WIDE LLC, TENNECO GLOBAL HOLDINGS INC., FEDERAL-MOGUL MOTORPARTS LLC, THE PULLMAN COMPANY reassignment FEDERAL-MOGUL CHASSIS LLC RELEASE BY SECURED PARTY (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: WILMINGTON TRUST, NATIONAL ASSOCIATION
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/02—Elements
    • C08K3/04—Carbon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/02—Elements
    • C08K3/04—Carbon
    • C08K3/042—Graphene or derivatives, e.g. graphene oxides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
    • C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/30—Sulfur-, selenium- or tellurium-containing compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L63/00—Compositions of epoxy resins; Compositions of derivatives of epoxy resins
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D161/00—Coating compositions based on condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09D161/04—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only
    • C09D161/06—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only of aldehydes with phenols
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D163/00—Coating compositions based on epoxy resins; Coating compositions based on derivatives of epoxy resins
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
    • C09D7/40—Additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
    • C09D7/40—Additives
    • C09D7/60—Additives non-macromolecular
    • C09D7/61—Additives non-macromolecular inorganic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M103/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being an inorganic material
    • C10M103/02—Carbon; Graphite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M103/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being an inorganic material
    • C10M103/06—Metal compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M107/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound
    • C10M107/20—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen
    • C10M107/30—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M107/32—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Polyesters; Polyethers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M111/00—Lubrication compositions characterised by the base-material being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M101/00 - C10M109/00, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M111/04—Lubrication compositions characterised by the base-material being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M101/00 - C10M109/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being a macromolecular organic compound
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M125/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an inorganic material
    • C10M125/10—Metal oxides, hydroxides, carbonates or bicarbonates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • F02F3/10—Pistons  having surface coverings
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
    • C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
    • C08K2003/2265—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of iron
    • C08K2003/2272—Ferric oxide (Fe2O3)
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/30—Sulfur-, selenium- or tellurium-containing compounds
    • C08K2003/3009—Sulfides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/38—Boron-containing compounds
    • C08K2003/382—Boron-containing compounds and nitrogen
    • C08K2003/385—Binary compounds of nitrogen with boron
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/04—Elements
    • C10M2201/041—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/04—Elements
    • C10M2201/041—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
    • C10M2201/0413—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
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    • C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
    • C10M2201/061—Carbides; Hydrides; Nitrides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
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    • C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
    • C10M2201/062—Oxides; Hydroxides; Carbonates or bicarbonates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
    • C10M2201/065—Sulfides; Selenides; Tellurides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
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    • C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
    • C10M2201/065—Sulfides; Selenides; Tellurides
    • C10M2201/066—Molybdenum sulfide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
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    • C10M2201/066—Molybdenum sulfide
    • C10M2201/0663—Molybdenum sulfide used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/1003—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/101—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones and phenols, e.g. Also polyoxyalkylene ether derivatives thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/10—Macromolecular compoundss obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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    • C10M2209/1013—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones and phenols, e.g. Also polyoxyalkylene ether derivatives thereof used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C10N2010/12—Groups 6 or 16
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C10N2010/14—Group 7
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    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
    • C10N2010/16—Groups 8, 9, or 10
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
    • C10N2050/015—Dispersions of solid lubricants
    • C10N2050/02—Dispersions of solid lubricants dissolved or suspended in a carrier which subsequently evaporates to leave a lubricant coating

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a coating composition for the piston of an internal combustion engine, in particular for the piston skirt.
  • Coatings for the piston skirt must therefore have a low friction coefficient.
  • the coating In order to guarantee a sufficient service life of the coating, the coating must have a high wear resistance at the same time.
  • a high resistance or wear resistance is in particular, required for operational states of the engine having a high degree of wear due to repeated cold starts, for example.
  • the passage of the coating in the load-bearing regions of the piston skirt is in particular to be avoided.
  • DE 10 2010 047 279 A1 describes a piston coating consisting of a low-friction outer running-in layer and a low-wear inner layer.
  • the inner layer consists of a polymer matrix, in which ceramic particles, aramide fibers and/or carbon fibers are embedded, and the outer layer consists of a polymer matrix in which solid lubricant particles are dispersed.
  • solid lubricant particles and carbon fibers are used in a matrix based on phenolic resin.
  • DE 10 2008 055 194 A1 discloses a sliding element with a substrate on which at least one sliding layer is applied.
  • This sliding layer is an antifriction lacquer comprising a cross-linkable binder, a high-melting thermoplast or a duroplast as a matrix.
  • This matrix contains Fe 2 O 3 .
  • the object of this invention is to provide a coating composition for a piston, which is superior to the known coatings and optimized for the use on a piston skirt.
  • a coating composition is to be provided which is easily manufactured, easily applied by means of a printing method and has good friction and wear properties.
  • composition according to the invention results in a coating, the properties of which, for example flexibility, adhesion, wear resistance and friction coefficient, are optimally adapted to the conditions of the piston.
  • the composition according to the invention can furthermore be produced in a simple and cost-effective manner and can be easily applied to the piston by means of a printing method. These properties are achieved by using specific amounts of components (phenolic resin, epoxy resin, solid lubricant and Fe 2 O 3 ). Thus, for example, a lower amount of Fe 2 O 3 leads to a deterioration of the properties, such as lower wear resistance.
  • the composition according to the invention comprises a preferably thermally curable phenolic resin as a matrix material.
  • Thermally curable phenolic resins so-called resols, can cross-link via hydroxyl groups, as opposed to the novolaks.
  • phenolic resins with an average molecular weight of 500 to 1500 g/mol are used.
  • the composition according to the invention comprises an epoxy resin.
  • the addition of the epoxy resin increases the adhesion of the layers to metallic surfaces as well as the flexibility thereof.
  • an epoxy resin based on bisphenol A with a molecular weight of 2000 to 4000 g/mol and an epoxy equivalent of >700 g/mol is preferably used.
  • these resins are preferred to be used as a solution in a solvent.
  • the selection of the solvent is largely directed at the type of coating applied and has no influence on the properties of the hardened coating.
  • the coating of pistons is often undertaken by means of the screen printing method.
  • Solvents with a high boiling point are particularly preferred for this application. Suitable solvents are, for example, butyl glycol acetate, ethyl glycol acetate, dipropylene glycol, dipropylene glycol butyl ether and butoxy ethanol.
  • the phenolic resin and/or epoxy resin can alternatively also be used as a water-dilutable dispersion.
  • the polymer dispersions used can be provided in a diluted form in pure water or water-solvent compositions.
  • Co-solvents can be, for example, butyl glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol n-butylether or also white spirit.
  • the water/solvent ratio is preferably of 1:2 or most preferably 1:1 or more.
  • Phenolic resin as well as epoxy resin are used in an amount of 10 to 30 percent by weight, based on the total composition.
  • the composition according to the invention contains phenolic resin and epoxy resin in a ratio of 1:3 to 3:1.
  • Graphite, MoS 2 , WS 2 , BN or mixtures thereof are added to the composition as solid lubricant(s).
  • a mixture of graphite and MoS 2 is preferably used.
  • the grades of solid lubricants generally known to the skilled person can be used.
  • graphite with an average grain size of 1 to 100 ⁇ m, most preferably of 5 to 50 ⁇ m, is used.
  • molybdenum disulfide with an average grain size of 0.1 to 50 ⁇ m, most preferably of 0.1 to 10 ⁇ m, is used.
  • the grain size of the solid lubricants mentioned above can be measured by means of the scattered light method in a manner known to the skilled person.
  • the solid lubricant or the solid lubricant composition is used in an amount of 10 to 30 percent by weight, preferably 15 to 20 percent by weight, based on the composition in total.
  • the composition according to the invention comprises Fe 2 O 3 particles in an amount of 5 to 30 percent by weight, preferably 10 to 15 percent by weight.
  • composition can further comprise additives and auxiliaries such as, for example, flow-control additives, defoamers, wetting agents, dispersing agents or also rheological additives.
  • additives and auxiliaries such as, for example, flow-control additives, defoamers, wetting agents, dispersing agents or also rheological additives.
  • the coating composition according to the invention can be used for pistons of aluminum or steel.
  • Applying the coating composition on the piston can be done by known methods for applying coatings to surfaces. This is preferably done using screen printing or spraying processes. First, the not-yet cross-linked coating composition is applied to the surface to be coated. The coating composition is then cured or cross-linked. Curing or cross-linking can be performed thermally or by means of radiation, for example UV radiation or IR radiation. It is preferably undertaken thermally or by means of IR radiation.
  • composition according to the invention advantageously interact such that the flexibility, the adhesion to the piston, the wear-resistance, the friction coefficient and the applicability are optimally adapted by a printing process to the conditions on the piston.

Abstract

A coating composition for the piston of an internal combustion engine comprises 10-30 wt. % of phenolic resin, 10-30 wt. % of epoxy resin, 10-30 wt. % of at least one solid lubricant selected from the group consisting of graphite, MoS2, WS2 and BN, and 5-30 wt. % of Fe2O3 particles.

Description

This application is a 371 of PCT/EP2017/054011, filed Feb. 22, 2017.
BACKGROUND 1. Technical Field
The invention relates to a coating composition for the piston of an internal combustion engine, in particular for the piston skirt.
2. Related Art
To decrease CO2 emissions of motor vehicles, it is inter alia necessary to reduce the energy loss in the power train. A substantial amount of energy loss is caused by the friction between piston skirt and cylinder.
Coatings for the piston skirt must therefore have a low friction coefficient. In order to guarantee a sufficient service life of the coating, the coating must have a high wear resistance at the same time. A high resistance or wear resistance is in particular, required for operational states of the engine having a high degree of wear due to repeated cold starts, for example. The passage of the coating in the load-bearing regions of the piston skirt is in particular to be avoided.
Various piston coatings which can be used for this purpose are known in the prior art.
DE 10 2010 047 279 A1, for example, describes a piston coating consisting of a low-friction outer running-in layer and a low-wear inner layer. The inner layer consists of a polymer matrix, in which ceramic particles, aramide fibers and/or carbon fibers are embedded, and the outer layer consists of a polymer matrix in which solid lubricant particles are dispersed.
In the coating described in DE 10 2009 002 716 A1, solid lubricant particles and carbon fibers are used in a matrix based on phenolic resin.
DE 10 2008 055 194 A1 discloses a sliding element with a substrate on which at least one sliding layer is applied. This sliding layer is an antifriction lacquer comprising a cross-linkable binder, a high-melting thermoplast or a duroplast as a matrix. This matrix contains Fe2O3.
SUMMARY
The object of this invention is to provide a coating composition for a piston, which is superior to the known coatings and optimized for the use on a piston skirt. In particular, a coating composition is to be provided which is easily manufactured, easily applied by means of a printing method and has good friction and wear properties.
It was surprising that the composition according to the invention results in a coating, the properties of which, for example flexibility, adhesion, wear resistance and friction coefficient, are optimally adapted to the conditions of the piston. The composition according to the invention can furthermore be produced in a simple and cost-effective manner and can be easily applied to the piston by means of a printing method. These properties are achieved by using specific amounts of components (phenolic resin, epoxy resin, solid lubricant and Fe2O3). Thus, for example, a lower amount of Fe2O3 leads to a deterioration of the properties, such as lower wear resistance.
The composition according to the invention comprises a preferably thermally curable phenolic resin as a matrix material. Thermally curable phenolic resins, so-called resols, can cross-link via hydroxyl groups, as opposed to the novolaks. Preferably, phenolic resins with an average molecular weight of 500 to 1500 g/mol are used.
As a further matrix material, the composition according to the invention comprises an epoxy resin. The addition of the epoxy resin increases the adhesion of the layers to metallic surfaces as well as the flexibility thereof. For this purpose, an epoxy resin based on bisphenol A with a molecular weight of 2000 to 4000 g/mol and an epoxy equivalent of >700 g/mol is preferably used.
With this invention, these resins are preferred to be used as a solution in a solvent. The selection of the solvent is largely directed at the type of coating applied and has no influence on the properties of the hardened coating. The coating of pistons is often undertaken by means of the screen printing method. Solvents with a high boiling point are particularly preferred for this application. Suitable solvents are, for example, butyl glycol acetate, ethyl glycol acetate, dipropylene glycol, dipropylene glycol butyl ether and butoxy ethanol.
The phenolic resin and/or epoxy resin can alternatively also be used as a water-dilutable dispersion. With the invention, the polymer dispersions used can be provided in a diluted form in pure water or water-solvent compositions. Co-solvents can be, for example, butyl glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol n-butylether or also white spirit. The water/solvent ratio is preferably of 1:2 or most preferably 1:1 or more.
Phenolic resin as well as epoxy resin are used in an amount of 10 to 30 percent by weight, based on the total composition.
In a particularly preferred embodiment, the composition according to the invention contains phenolic resin and epoxy resin in a ratio of 1:3 to 3:1.
Graphite, MoS2, WS2, BN or mixtures thereof are added to the composition as solid lubricant(s). A mixture of graphite and MoS2 is preferably used. The grades of solid lubricants generally known to the skilled person can be used. Preferably, graphite with an average grain size of 1 to 100 μm, most preferably of 5 to 50 μm, is used. Preferably, molybdenum disulfide with an average grain size of 0.1 to 50 μm, most preferably of 0.1 to 10 μm, is used. Preferably, boron nitride in its hexagonal modification with an average grain size in the range of 1 to 100 μm, most preferably in a range of 1 to 20 μm, is used.
The grain size of the solid lubricants mentioned above can be measured by means of the scattered light method in a manner known to the skilled person.
The solid lubricant or the solid lubricant composition is used in an amount of 10 to 30 percent by weight, preferably 15 to 20 percent by weight, based on the composition in total.
As a further component, the composition according to the invention comprises Fe2O3 particles in an amount of 5 to 30 percent by weight, preferably 10 to 15 percent by weight.
In addition to the components stated above, the composition can further comprise additives and auxiliaries such as, for example, flow-control additives, defoamers, wetting agents, dispersing agents or also rheological additives. These kinds of additives are usually used in piston coatings and known to the skilled person.
The coating composition according to the invention can be used for pistons of aluminum or steel.
Applying the coating composition on the piston can be done by known methods for applying coatings to surfaces. This is preferably done using screen printing or spraying processes. First, the not-yet cross-linked coating composition is applied to the surface to be coated. The coating composition is then cured or cross-linked. Curing or cross-linking can be performed thermally or by means of radiation, for example UV radiation or IR radiation. It is preferably undertaken thermally or by means of IR radiation.
The individual components of the composition according to the invention advantageously interact such that the flexibility, the adhesion to the piston, the wear-resistance, the friction coefficient and the applicability are optimally adapted by a printing process to the conditions on the piston.

Claims (8)

The invention claimed is:
1. A piston of an internal combustion engine, comprising, at least in sections of the piston, a coating made from a composition which consists of, based on the total composition:
a) 10 to 30 percent by weight of phenolic resin;
b) 10 to 30 percent by weight of epoxy resin;
c) 10 to 30 percent by weight of at least one solid lubricant selected from the group consisting of graphite, MoS2, WS2 and BN;
d) 5 to 30 percent by weight of Fe2O3 particles; and
e) solvents and additives.
2. A piston according to claim 1, wherein the at least one solid lubricant includes graphite and MoS2.
3. A piston according to claim 1, comprising the solvents and additives in an amount of 20 to 60 percent by weight, based on the total composition.
4. A piston according to claim 1, comprising 15 to 20 percent by weight of the at least one lubricant(s).
5. A piston according to claim 1, comprising 10 to 15 percent by weight of the Fe2O3 particles.
6. A piston according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the phenolic resin to the epoxy resin is 1:3 to 3:1.
7. A piston according to claim 1, comprising 10 to 30 percent by weight of the Fe2O3 particles.
8. A piston according to claim 1, wherein the coating is disposed on a skirt of the piston.
US16/088,968 2016-03-30 2017-02-22 Anti-friction lubricant for coating engine pistons Active US11136526B2 (en)

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DE102016205199.7 2016-03-30
DE102016205199.7A DE102016205199A1 (en) 2016-03-30 2016-03-30 Coating for the coating of engine pistons
PCT/EP2017/054011 WO2017167505A1 (en) 2016-03-30 2017-02-22 Anti-friction lubricant for coating engine pistons

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DE102019219445A1 (en) 2019-12-12 2021-06-17 Federal-Mogul Nürnberg GmbH Piston and method of making the same
CN112981286B (en) * 2021-04-21 2021-10-12 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 Hole extrusion strengthening method of aluminum alloy thick plate and lubricant for method
KR20240035547A (en) 2021-07-16 2024-03-15 이노스펙 리미티드 Fuel oil compositions, and methods and uses related thereto

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EP3436535A1 (en) 2019-02-06
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CN108884356A (en) 2018-11-23

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