US1112809A - Combustion-turbine. - Google Patents

Description

G. J. P. KOTHE.

COMBUSTION TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAE.18, 1912.

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M/n e55 es 1 G. J. P. KOTHE.

COMBUSTION TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 18, 1912.

Patented Oct. 6, 1914.

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k In yen/0r. ZMyIMMM G. J. P. KOTHE. COMBUSTION TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 18, 1912.

1 ,1 1 2,809. I Patented Oct. 6, 1914.

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.II/I/I/I/I/l I/I/I/I/IIIIIIII/I/IIIIIII UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GUSTAV JOHANNES PAUL'KOTI-IE, or naval}. RUs'sIA AssIGNoR or ONE-"HALF r0 MARTIN GUMPEL, or MOSCOW, RUSSIA;

comn's'rion-runnmn.

Specification of letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 6, 1914.

Application filed March 18, 1912. Serial No. 684,386.

To all whom/it may concern i Be it known that I, GUs'rAv JoHANNns PAUL KOTHE, a subject of the Kin of Prussia, Germany, residing at Reva Russia, have invented a new and useful Combustion- Turbine, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a combustion turbine of novel construction, and more pargitudinal section on line 22, Fig. l Fig. 3

a cross section on line 3-3, Fig.2; Fig. 4 a left hand end view of Fig. 1, with the governor and cover removed; Fig. 5 a cross section on line 55, Fig. 2; Fig.6 a cross' sec tion on line 66, Fig. 2; Fig. 7 an, enlarged longitudinal section through the regulating valve which simultaneously serves for admitting the combustible fuel to the fuel supply chamber; Fig. 8 an end view of one of the combustion chamber-stems, and Fig. 9 a detail .sectionthrough part of the turbine wheel and gas inlet channel.

My improved combustion turbine comprises essentially a turbine wheel 2', the shaft t of which is rotatably mounted in a corresponding bearing 'w of' the turbine casing to. To wheel t is firmly connected a spindle p carrying a pinion g which through gear wheels 1, 13 transmits motion to the internally toothed rim 8 of a head 0 The latter forms part of a hollow shaft othat encompasses spindle p and carries a pair of relatively fixed distributing disks m, n, constie tuting a Valve motion. Between disks m and n is arranged anumber of. combustion I chambers ethat rotate with said disks, the

drawing beingbased upon the employment of three of such chambers.

shaft 25, is secured the rotary member of a To the outer end of conventional air compressor a, which com pressor 1s through pipe I) connected with an an chamber 0 arranged within the statlonany frame section w,. The latter is firmly mounted upon a hollow base plate D contaming preferably a liquid fuel chamber D. The combustible liquid is raised from chamber D by means of a pump a, the plunger 00 of which is driven by an eccentric m, (Fig. From pump m, the liquid is conveyed by pipe 2 and the hollowi casing 13 of one of the regulating valves B into a supply chamber y, in which said liquid is temporarily stored under a certain pressure. In order to prevent the generation of an excessive pressure within chamber y, a springcontrolling safety valve E is provi ed which causes thesurplus liquid to be automatically returned into chamber D. The number of valves B corresponds to the number of con1- bustion chambers 6, each valve B controlling an exit port 9 of casing w Valves B are operated from a suitable governor A through a link and lever system A so that such quantities of liquid fuel are discharged into ports 9 as correspond to the temporary speed and power of the turbine. Corre-.' sponding to the three combustion chambers employed, air chamber 0 communicates with 'three sets ofsegmental passages cl and three communicate through outlet passages H with channels h, h, and 71, which are formed within the stationary turbine" section w Of these, channels It convey the ignited mixture toward high pressure turbinepockets i while the channels h convey theremainder of said mixture from chambers e toward low pressurepockets 71 If desired, the latter may be employed as medium pressure pockets, and additional low pressure pock ets i may be used as illustrated in Fig. 2,

.the channels leading to said last named pocket having however been omitted for the sake of greater clearness. The channels 71 establish communication between the combustion chambers e and an exhaust Z that leads into the atmosphere.

In order to protect disks m and n against excessive heating, they are cooled by passing water through chambers 14. For a similar purpose turbine wheel 2' is provided with As the operation is the same with each of the three combustion chambers and cooperating parts, it will be described with reference to only one of said chambers. During the operation of the turbine, compressor a will maintain chamber 0 charged with compressed air, while pump at will cause chamber y to be permanently filled with the combustible liquid under pressure. In order to describe the cycle of operations in the proper order, it may be assumed that during the rotation of distributing disks 'm and n in the direction of the arrow (Fig.6), passages 6,

become temporarily alined with ducts 03, so that air under pressure will be admitted into chamber 6. Immediately after being thus charged, duct registers with port 9, so that such an amountbf the combustible liquid is sprayed into chamber e as is determined by. the position of governor A. The mixture thus produced within chamber 6 will be ignited by the inherent heat of the chamber, produced by the rapidly following ignitions,

which heat considerably exceeds the igniting temperature of the combustible. @wing to the fact that while-duct} is closed immediately after the admission of the liquid fuelinto chamber e, duct H is also closedby a solid portion of stationary turbine section.

e0 the combustion takes place at a constant volume within a closed chamber. As soon as the combustion has been completed, duct H becomes alined with channel it so as to convey the high pressure gases toward pockets t, of wheel i and thus rotate thelatter.

During the continued rotation of disk n, duct H will register with channel it, so as to admit the remainder of the gases into low pressure pockets 2', toassist in-the rotation of wheel 21. After this operation, ducts 6, become alined with passages is while at the same time duct H registers with channel 70,,

so that the residual combustion gases will be expelled from chamber e through duct H, channel it, and exhaust Zbymeans of the air current admitted through passages 70. Ducts e will now register with the next set of passages d, whereupon the operation described is repeated. lln starting the turbine, wheel i is slowly rotated by any convenient means not shown, while chambers e are exteriorly heated in suitable manner, for instance by soldering lamps, until ignition takes place.

Although the drawing shows three sets of gas and liquid inlets, it is obvious that this number as well as the number of pressure steps for the turbine pockets may be changed to answer different conditions without departing from the spirit of my nvention.

mason It willbe. seen that by the construction described, thepressune generated by the combustible mixture has no objectionable influence upon the valve motion, while owing to the, peculiar arrangement of the heated rotating .combustion chambers between the stationary parts of ithe machine, a tight closure of thecombustion chamber is obtained, without consuming an objectionably high energy. So also by expelling the mixture residues from the combusion chambers directly into the exhaust,- the quantity and pressure of the cleansing air is correspond- ,ingly reduced.

I claim:

1. lln a combustion'turbine, a plurality of rotating combustion chambers adapted to retain the heat produced by combustion, and a valve-motion controlling said chambers, said valve-motion being so constituted as to bustion.

2. In a combustion turbine, means for supplying compressed air, means for supplying a combustible, a turbine wheel, a

heat'produced by combustion, and a valvemotion adapted to consecutively connectthe combustion chamber with the compressed air supplying means, with the combustible supplying means, and with .the turbine wheel.

3. ln a combustion turbine, means for supplying compressed air, means for supplying acombustible, a turbinewheel, an exhaust, a combustion chamber having an inlet end and an outlet end and adapted to retain motion adapted for consecutively connecting the inlet end of the combustion chamber with the compressed air supplying means and with the combustible supplying means, while the outlet end is closed, for connecting said outlet end with the turbine wheel her is closed, and for finally connecting the inlet end of said chamber with the compressed air supplying means while the outlet end is connected with the exhaust.

i. In a combustion turbine, means for supplying compressed air, means for supplying a combustible, a turbine wheel, means for cooling the same, a combustion chamber adapted to retain the heat produced by combustion, and a valve-motion adapted to consecutively connect the combustion chamber with the compressed air supplying means, with the combustible supplying means, and with the turbine wheel.

5. ln a combustion turbine, means for supplying compressed air, meansv for supplying a combustible, a turbine vvheel, peripheral cooling ribs provided on saidwheel,

a combustion chamber adapted to retain the be relieved of the pressure of'the combustiblecharge prior and subsequent to com-' while the inlet end of the combustion 'chamcombustion, chamber adapted to-retain the the heat produced by combustion, a valve musc e g heetpi oduced by combustion, s .n& a valvemotion adapted to consecutively connect the combustion chamber with the compressed air supplying; means, with the combustible sulppllymg means, and with the turbine w ee v 6. In a combustion turbine, means for supplying compressml air, means for supplymg a combustible, a'turbine wheel, an

exhaust, a, combustion chamber having an inlet end and an outlet end and adapted to retain the heat-produced by combustion a valve motion adapted for consecutively connecting' the inletend of the combustion chamber with the compressed air supplying means anclwith the combustible supplying means, while the outlet end is closed, for

repeatedly connecting seid outlet em with the turbine wheel whlle the inlet en& of the combustion. chamber is closed thereby supchamber with the-compressed air supplying Tmeansw-hile the outletiencl is connected with zethe exhaust eusmv Jennies minnows

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