US1111051A - Internal-combustion engine. - Google Patents

Description

P. R. BARKER. INTERNAL GOH'BUSTION ENGINE. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 25, 1913.

Patented Sept. 22, 1914* 6 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

F. R. BARKER INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE. APPLICATION TILED JUNE 25,1913. a 11 C351 Patented Sept.22,1914.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 2 Patented Sept. 22, 1914.

60 9/ fix iiJ fi/A RR. BARKER. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 25, 1913.

T Lufki -"Mu" p F. Pb, BARKER. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE 4 APPLICATION FILED JUNE25,1913. 1 i 1 1 5353 Patented Sept. .22, 1914.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

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F. R. BARKERx INTERNAL comzsusmn ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED SUIT. 25, 1913. L Q 1 1 1 1 95 1 a Patenbed Sept 19M I it" 23 x; 22 W 7,

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Z/zlimsses Inventor F. B. BARKER.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE. APPLICATION IILBD JUNE 25, 1913.

1,1 1 1,051 Patented Sept. 22, 1914,

6 SHEETS-S HBET 6,

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FREDERIC B. BQBKER, OF BRGQIQLZEQ'E, nin s-nonsense.

- essences Sept, 22, 1914.

Application filed June 25, 1913. Serial 33c. 775,823

To all whom it may concern:

c it known that I, FREDERIC B. BARKER,

zi &1loject of lhe King elf-Great Brit-sin, re-

ng at Brookline, in the county or Norfollr and State of Massachusetts, have invented new and useful Improvements in Interna- Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification.

improvements in internal combuslion engines particularly of the four cycle type. In this iype of engine an explosion occurs in each of the cylinders thereof for every two complete rotations of the crank shaft or for every four complete movements of the piston and by reason of the time Whichelnpses between the successive explosions, a large heavy fly-Wheel musteither be employeii to carry the load from one explosion to'the next or said engine must be operated at a very high rate of speed, or there is still another method of overcoming this (lifiicult-y and that is by providing aplurality oi cylinders thus insuring substantially n uniform application of energy to the crank shaft. The latter method seems to have the preference especially in automobile engines, but this method results in e substantial increase in the cost of manufacturing the cubic owing to the large number of duplicace parts required.

and consequently less expensive manner, and

consists in providing a plurality of sets of cylinders one of the cylinders of each set being arranged substantially concentric with the other cylinder of that set and a single piston having bearing members eclepte i to engage both of the cylinders in its respeclive set;

The invention further consists in providing a singl e valve for opening and closing both the inlet and exhaustports for both of thecylinders in each set to control the admission of the combustible charge to bot-h of said cylinders and the ischarge oi the burnt gases therefrom.

The invention still further consists in providing instrumentalitics for simultaneously rotating 'ancl reciprocating said valves to control seicl gases.

The invention finally consistsin the cons bination and arrangement of parts as set forth in the following; specification and pan ticularly pointed out in the claims.

Referring to the. drawings: Figure 1 is a.

longitudinal sectional elevation of an engine embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is s.

transverse section gartly in elevation taken on line 2-2 01 Fig. 1 and looking in the (lirection oi the arrows on said line. Fig. 3

is a plain view of the top of the engine. Fig. m I 4 15 a session taken on the irregnlerjine ihis invention relates to new and usetul i*-'l oi Fig. 1, iilustrnting t is arrangement oi the gearing for rotating ills cylindrical sleeve valves. Fig. 5 is a section taken subsiovfiially on the irregu'ar line 5'5 of Fig. 1. tinting the arrsu enient or the various, inlet and exhaust ajncl iaipes for the upper: cylinders. his figure the encire pa "es 4 i 5 interior of the manifold in full lines in the right-hand e'mi or" sax-i figure to more clearly illustrate he same, slihough ihc secsion line does not drop as low as she center of said passages is in Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is section taken substantially on the line S -'6 of Fig. 1 showing the several inlet and exhaust pas sng'es for the lower cylinders, parts ofsaid device being broken to save space: This figure is also somewhat distorted to clearly illustrate the connections between the lower branch 44; oi: the passage 43 end the inn old 46 and also illustrliting the connection between the passage 66 and the exhzius't inaniiold 31. F 7 is 51 dewil seccionul elevation taken on line 7 of Fig. 6 illustrating portions or the valve operating mechanism and {Bumps Fig. 8 i's a transverse seciionol elevation taken on the irregular line 88 of Fig. 1. Fig. .9 is 2i detail section taken on line 9-9 ofFig; 3. Fig. 10 is s (let-ail sicle elevation of the gear for importing e rotary incl-ion to the valve sleeve. Fig. 11 is a rievelopmeni of the valve reciprocating cam. Fig. 12 is s (level opment of a portion ef one of the larger cylinders illustrating the inlet anti exhaust ports therefor. 13 is a development of the valve sleeve illustreuing the relative positions of the inlet sncl exhaust yorts for bo'l-h the larger and smaller cylinders. Fig. 14 is e development of a portion of one. of

the smaller cylinders. showing the zirl'ali'gement or" the inlet and exhaust ports therefor.

Like numerals refer so like parts throughout the several views of the drawings In the drawings, 18 is an engine casing provide-(i with a plurality of perellelly arranged cylindrical chambers 19 arranged in a row and. opening into a chamber 22 which constitutes a crank shaft chamber within which a crank shaft 23 is journaled to rotate in bearings 24, '25, 26 and 27. The chambers 19 are all substantially alike in construction and extend upwardly through said casing to the top thereof and preferably terminate in annular recesses 28, said recesses being an ranged concentric with said. chambers. The upper ends of the annular recesses 28 are each separately closed by a cvlinder head 31 which is secured to the casing 18 preferably by bolts 34'. This head is provided with a. depending stem 35 which protrudes into the cylinder 19 and is coi'icentrically arranged relatively thereto and constitutes a liner therefor, said stem having a. cylindrical chamber 38 substantially smaller in diameter than the chamber 19 and coaxially arranged relatively thereto. Each of said liners or stems is provided with. oppositely disposed inlet ports ll, 41 adjacent the upper ends oi the chambers 38 and these inlet ports regis ter in turn with the upper ends or branches 12 of inlet passages 43 which are formed in the casing 18 outside of the chambers 19, whereby the combustible mixture may be conducted into said chambers which constitute explosion chambers. The inlet passages 43 are also provided with lower ends or branches 44: Which are adapted to conduct portions of said combustible mixture to the lower portions 45 of the'chambers 19 through slots 48, said portions l5 constituting the large expiosion chambers. A piston 49 is arranged in each of the seve all sections of said casing and embodies in i construction a bearing member 50 arranged ad acent the upper end thereof and engages the walls of said smaller cylinder 38, while a larger bearing member 51 arranged adjacent to the lower end of said piston engages the walls of the larger cylinder 45,-said larger bearing member forming an annular shoulder against which the force of the explosions occurring in the cylinder 45 will be directed. The pistons so are provided with the usual wrist pins 53 which are connected by means of connecting rods 5i to crank pins 55 formed on the crank shaft and arranged preferably 120 apart, as ustrated in Fig. 1. this cons uction it \vi l be seer. that each piston performs the runction of two pistons of the ordinary type of engine and in the present arrangement where three sets of cylinders are shown the results aecornplished will be the same as though sir; cylinders and six pistons were employed. By arranging said cylinders in one Within or substantially concentric with the. other and near enough to permit the hearing members of the piston to be formed inte i'al one with the other the expense of construction will be greatly reduced owing to the number of parts eliminated and the. reduction in sizeand length of the crank shaft and in the dimensions of the engine in general.

The combustible mixture is delivered to the inlet passages through a manifold 46, said manifold being connected to the casing 18 of the engine in any suitable manner with its outlet openings 47 alining with the openings for the several inlet passages 43 respectively, while a single supply pipe 56 conducts the mixture from the carbureter, not shown in the drawings. to said manifold.

In addition to the oppositely disposed inlet ports for the sets of cylinders the cylinders 38 are provided with oppositely disposed exhaust ports 57 which aline with exhaust passages 58 in the casing 18, while the cylinders 45 are provided with exhaust por said passages 58 and ports 59 being united or connected by passagesGO. Each of the sets of cylinders are provided with these passages and each of said passages 60 a re connected With an exhaust manifold 61.

At the proper times in the operation of the engine the combustible mixture is admitted to each of the sets of cylinders, which constitute the chambers 38 and 45, by. suitable instrumentalities which admit said mixture first to one of said chambers and then to the other. Furthermore said instrumentalities are adapted to permit the passage of the burnt gases from said cylinders subsequently to the explosions of said combustible 'mixtures in said cylinders. These instru-.

inentalities include a cylindrical sleeve valve 62 proyided with exhaust openings 63 which are adapted to be moved into alinement with the ports 57 and 58, and inlet openings 64 and 65 adapted to be moved to aline with the ports 41 and slots 48 respectively of the cylinders 38 and $5. The exhaust ports 59 for the lower or larger cylinders 45 are controlled by the lower edge 66 of said sleeve. To open and close the various portsa-continuously rotating reciprocatory movement is imparted to said sleeve, this compound movement being accomplished by means preferably including a sleeve 67 arranged in the annular recess 28 surrounding said valve 62 and engaging a hardened steel ring (18 at the bottom of said recess and anothe steel ring 6!. arranged adjacent the upper end of said recess against the inner face of the cylinder head 31, said sleeve havingiaig annular gear 70- formed thereon by mean of which a rotary motion may be imparted to said sleeve. This sleeve-is further rovided with oppositely disposed longitudinal slots 71 which extend for a portion of the length of said sleeve and receive studs 72 mounted upon the-exterior surface of the alve 62 and by means of which a rotary motion is. transmitted from said sleeve to said valve. The valve (-32 is further provided with rolls 73 pivotally mounted adjacent to said studs 7- upon the interior'sur'face of said valve 62, said rolls 73 engaging a serpentine cam 74 arranged upon the outer face essin' the stems 35 190 permit Water tQ sgbstaggcieliy 'to the bqtiem aehazn ers s s ti u ingsaid jackp 93 we 9e messed adjaper feces of the cylinderheegis 31. m rs coes iing ja k t 92 t e y i de Said ehepgbers meeil ugh .7 e e iss cum? {he verleus inlet' and egt haust pasv s re yl nd r whersby'ihe awe w h is nelng conductseverul nlei; passages end heated ice a eeriairl" degree n'merafiuze 131153 exhaust m y nb r-s U in u o euizacen't said be paztiaHy likewise premi fin o flisdsr he ds, erminels er pas- 1 I e ly at one ez E9 to the sham: H c said Weir jacket and cmmeetefi by means a, pipe 97 ze nert 92 z rgrenged upon the same 7 {A en ef the 32 31119" a t ens eenteming the me: w m beemn in he the erenk shaft 9f sald engine, see figs. i, 6 germ fis water so pass PM. L I

caused; said $6 e 1 j r 92 ingtq Water .J sew s 0m whence it is (ESQ. r ed 12186 on che easing through the perizs 93 :yhgeh are erz gnged secured is sglzc smelt- 1.1130; tee qpp 'e s; e 071 S336 vertgeal plgge,

'lereer arm. 18 epemand inte plpe is}; eoglciuets said we? I 1 t e :3 0f She adjah is: $0 a slzifieble rad'ater, not shown 111 the sylmdegz by iews of an 1ntere1 wings, m? discharges the same if desired.

Animist perteug}; which the water 1's uppliefl ice d gu'panged Aer "eekets is en of on f preierebly sdg'aeent $0 the end the engine st hich the gears 82 andSB are ieeatei aged eomrgmnieates with the inr easing 109 which surrounds the edjeeent the I iew r the Water Lerier f gears 82 and easing 100 is eiso previde side 03: sald, gs

e; "firth an iniei lOl'upqn the opposite semi gears from 1; e port 99 as srs are roasted file teeh thereof cre ate a suction Wnereby weter may be drawn into said casm throu sald mlet 101 H 1 k Qasehegea ti'lrouggh she be p rt 9 mp =L- water jackets 92 5 nd arougd the c finders of the 6 thence upwardly through he pas e es the squereti thence through the pipe 9? to the into the jackets S1 and from whence said wafei; is 'ihe spiral j discharged ti'lmugh the ports 93 into the .e miermediaee gee): simiiar ta pipe 98, said gears 8.2 and 83 thereby p rprnvizied. intekeestiate the gear 87 and forming a twefoli fqnctien. the gear of the first adjacent wake in Suitable-spark plugs 11)? are provided for said ether swim. time opereing 'twlce as the cylinders 38, sni plugs being arranged me 1 nstz"ameni:a1iin the cylinder heads thereef, the larger 2 cirswings and i cylinders being provided with a pair of angles Witheut 1 epposit-eiy disposed spark plugs 103. HIMBTZZRHQV n s-8 1 The genemi eperati'on ef the engine here- *e specifically described is as follews: I g the pistons and valves to be in v t me Q" strated in Figs. l, 2, 4:, 5,

5 the eylinclers 'r pr med by ilis letters A, B, G, D, E and F, the engine is started in the usual manner and moves the several ist ons 49 and the valves 62 to draw in the c arges of combustible gases through the inlets 41 and slots 48 nd the ports in the valves adapted to aline herewith, while the burnt gases subsequent to the explosions are discharged through the exhaust passages 57 58 and 59. By reference to Fig. 1 it will be seen that the piston 49 in the cylinder A is on its downward movement, a charge having just been fired in said cylinder, the crank pin for said piston in this case being two-thirds of a rotation down. The piston in the chamber B is at its highest point, the crank therefor being 120 behind the crank pin for the cylinder A. In this cylinder B the charge has just been compressed and about to be fired which will give an added impulse to the crank shaft before the piston in the cylinder A has arrived at its lowermost point and consequently before the charge in said cylinder has been completely spent. In the cylinder O the piston is on its way up to compress a charge which has been previously taken in, the crank operating said piston being 120 behind the crank pin for the piston in the cylinder B. The conditions of said several cylinders just mentioned will all be indicated by the sleeve valves 62 which show that each of said cylinders at this time are closed.

It is the object of the invention to provide an explosion for every rotation of each of the several cranks, thus insuring a substantially uniform application of energy to the crank shaft. To accomplish this the three lower cylinders A, B, and G are fired, as just described, one after another and 120 apart but before the pistonin the chamber is fired said piston must be moved up 120 to compress the charge which has been previously drawn thereinto. During the rotation of the crank shaft through said 120 the piston in the cylinder D will have-come pleted its suction stroke which by the positions of the ports 41 and openings 64: will .56 be seen to be under way and as the explosion occurs in said cylinder C the piston for said cylinder D will start to compress the.charge therein and this charge will be fired as the exploded charge in the cylinder C has about completed its expansion. During the firing of the charge in the cylinder D the charge in cylinder E is being compressed While in the cylinder F the suction of the new charge will have just been completed. Thus it will be seen that when one cylinder is compressing another cylinder is discharging.

To accomplish the proper opening of the ports for the several cylinders, the sleeve valves 62 are operatively connected to the crank shaft 23 by the shafts S0 and S4- and the gears thereon to rotate said sleeves one half a turn for each two rotations of said crank shaft, while the cam 74 is arranged to elevate said valves twice during each complete rotation thereof. By reason of the above speed ratio the openings in the sleeve valves for the cylinders A, B, B respectively are arranged of a rotation apart, this being equivalent to a movement of the crank shaft 120, thus c ausing said openings to register with their proper ports in order to fire the charges and discharge,

the burnt gas in said several cylinders in the order hereinbefore described.

During the operation of the engine as described the gears 82 and 83 are constantly circulating the water through the water jackets 91 and 92 around the various inlet passages and out through the pipe 98 to a suitable cooling device. By the close proximity of the passages of said water jacket to said exhaust passages and said inlet passages more or less of the heat contained in said exhaust gases will be absorbed by said water and in turn the heat of the inlet passages will be somewhat increased and the charge heated before it is delivered to the.

cylinders, consequently increasing the efficiency thereof. 1 From-the foregoing description it will be seen that simple and etficient means are provided for accomplishing the objects of the invention, but while the elements herein shown and described are well adapted to per form the functions set forth, it' is obvious that various minor changes may be made in the proportions, shape and arrangement of the several parts and in the number of lin-v ders shown without departing from the irit and scope of the invention as defined i the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire by Letters Patent to secure is: t

= 1. An internal combustion engine, embodyvalve adapted to engage said cam to recip-- rocate said valve during the rotary movements imparted thereto by said sleeve.

2. An internal combustion engine embodying. in its construction, a cylinder provided with inlet and exhaust ports, a piston arranged in said cylinder, a rotating reciprocatory valve adapted to open and close said ports, a gear surrounding said valve and operatively connected thereto, means to ro- C D,Eand

tate said gear, and instrumentalities ren dered effective by the roiation of said gear adapted to impart acomhined rotating reciprocating movement to said valve to open and close said ports.

3. An internal combustion engine embodying, in its construction, a plurality of parallelly arranged cylinders provided with inlet and exhaust ports, a piston arranged in each oisaid cylinders, a cylindrical valve for each of said cylinders adapted to be operated to open and close said ports, means adapted to rotate one of said valves, means to rotatably connect the other of said valves to said driven valve, and means rendered efi'ective by the rotation of each of said valves adapted to impart a reciprocatory in: -vement to said valves respectively.

A n internal combustion engine emy g, in its construction, a casing having vindrical chamber, a portion of which tes an explosion cylinder provided lot and exhaust ports, so id casing also n annular recess formed therein with said cylindrical chamber, a

*ith oppositely disposed longitumeans to rotate said member, a valve arranged in said cylindrical chamber provided "with openinfis adapted to aline With said inlet and exhaust ports, means on said valve adapted to engage said rotary member Within said longitudinal slots, a cylinder head adapted to close theend of said cylinder and said annular recess. said cylinder head having a depending cylindrical member provided with a cylindrical chamber constituting an explosion cylinder having inlet and exhaust ports, a cylindrical valve arranged in said first named cylindrical chamber surrounding and adapted to fit said depending cylindrical member, said valve having openinggs adapted to register with the ports for said explosion cylinders respectively, a stationary serpentine cam on said depending member, means to rotate said valve, means on said valve adapted to engage said cam to reciprocate said valve during the rotary movements thereof, and. a piston having hearing members adapted to engage said' cylinders respectively impulses therefrom.

An internal combustion engine embrg dying, in its construction, a plurality of sets of parallclly arranged cylinders arxan 'ed in a row and in close proximity to eacn other, each of said sets including a pair of co-axially arranged cylinders, one

revolve explosion engine driven *nber arranged in said recess and of which is smaller than the other, each so of said cylinders having oppositely di need I inlet ports and oppositely disposed e aust ports, a piston for each ofsaid sets of cylinders, said pistons having'hearing members for said large and smaller cylinders respectively, a sleeve valve interposed between the large and smaller cylinders of each of said sets, said valves having openings adapted to register with said inlet ports, and instrumentalities adapted to impart a rotating reciprocatory movementto said valves to open and close said ports.

6. An internal combustion engineembodying, in its construction, a plurality 01' sets of parallelly arranged cylinders arranged in a row and inclose proximity to each other, each of said sets including a pair of co-anially arranged cylinders, one of which is smaller than the other, each of said cylinders having oppositely disposed inlet ports and'oppositely disposed exhaust ports, a piston for each of said sets of cylinders, said pistons having bearing members for said large and smaller cylinders respectively, a sleeve valve interposed between the large and smaller cylinders of each of said sets, said valves having openings adapted to register with said inlet ports, and instr mentali-ties adapted to simultaneously impart a rotating reciprocatory movement to said valves to open and close said ports.

7. An internal combustion engine embodying, in its construction, a plurality of sets of parallelly arranged cylinders arranged a ZO'W and in close proximity to each other, each of said sets including a, pair of co-axially arranged cylinders, one of which is smaller than the other, each of said cylinders having oppositely disposed inlet ports and oppositely disposed exhaust ports, a piston for each of said sets of cylinders, said pistons having: l'icaring members for said large and smaller cylinders respectively, a sleeve valve inter- I posed between the large and smaller cylin- 105 ders of each of said sets, said valves having openings adapted to register with said ports, and instrumentalities adapted to impart a rotating reciprocatory movement to said valves to open and closesaid ports.

in testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

FREDERIC R. BARKER. Witnesses:

SYDNEY E. Terr, ANNIE J. BAILEY.

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