US1109597A - Automatic type-writer actuator. - Google Patents

Description

L. R. ROBERTS L C. L. DAVIS.

AUTOMATIC TYPE WRITER AGTUATOR.

, APPLICATION FILED Amnzo, 190s. 1,109,597, Patellted'sept. 1, 1914.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 1'.

L. P. EGBERTS & C. L. DAVIS.

AUTOMATIC TYPE WRITER AGTUATOR.

APPLIGATION FILED APR.20,1908.

1,109,597, Patented sept`1,1914.

7 SHEETS-SHEBT 2.

L. R. ROBERTS L C.' L. DAVIS. AUTOMATIC TYPE WRITER AGTATOR.

AFPLIUATION FILED APR. zo, 190e.

Patented Sept. 1, 1914.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

wn'NEssEs Y 5 L. R. ROBERTS @a C. L. DAVIS.-

AUTOMATIG TYPE WRITER. AGTUATQR. APPLGTION FILED APR. 20i 1908.

Patented Sept, 1, 1914.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

L. R. ROBERS (SVG. L. DAVIS. AUTOMATIG TYPE WRITER ACTUATOR. v

` APPLICATION FILED APB.. 20, 1908. u 1, 1 09,597. Patented Sept. 1, 1914.

'I SHEETS-SHEET 5.'

WITNESSES l A vINVENTORS 1/M- w m fc. fffw/f W Bv du 51m l @Mmmm/f L. R. ROBERTS & C. L. DAVIS. AUTOMATIC TYPE WRITER AOTUATOR.

APPLIGATION FILED APR. zo, 1908.

1, 1 09;597. Patent-,ea sept. 1, 1914,

7 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

. o o o 0 o o u o Q u o u o o U WITNESSES INVENTORS y 19,1 1,9m M5L/WMS E? @Mm Atfarneys.

L. R. ROBERTS & G. L. DAVIS. AUTOMATIC TYPE WRITER AGTUATOR.

APPLICATION FILED AERLZO,1908. l,lG9,597, atented Sept. 1,1914.

'7 SHEETS-SHEET 7.

Mi wfgfwwv nnss. y i minimes 'UNDERW'COD TYPEWTRITER CGMANY, GF NEU] YORK, N. A COREORTION 0F NE?? JERSEY.

Application filed April 2D, 1908.

To all y1x2/ioni it may concern Be it `known that We, LYMAN E. ROBERTS and Crunnns L. Devis, citizens or" the United States, residing' Detroit, county of 1Wayne, State ot lttichigen, have invented certain new and useful improvements in Automatic Type-llriter Actuators, and declare the following to he a full, clear, and exact description ot' the seine, such till enable others skilled in the art to W' pertains to make and use the same, reference lbeing had to the accon pany/'ing drawings, which torni a part of this specification.

rlhis invention relates to typewriter operators, and has tor an objectthe orovision ot an improved operating machine' adapted to be employed in conjunction vwith a. typewriter of standard ineke, that is, any typewriter of the lzey lever character.

The operntor conigiises s glerelity of mechanically actuated hammers properly srranged to engage with those parts ot a type. Writing' machine that are struck hy the lin: ,gers voi the operator; it contains some other actuating parts for shifting` the ferions movable parts of the typewriter, as the cerrihh-on shift, and such the ordinary tyoewriter as .lf d ot the onerstor hlemT ringe, the other parts may he actin in seine oth f upon a hey "he oper r described, is one which is suecia f ld to hey actuated typewriters having W at is known as the standard ley hoard, in which there are generally from tort-y to forty-four character keys, one or platen rhiit keys, e specs har, tshulating keys, etc., and in which the peper carrying carriage and platen traverse the freine, carrying the peper over stroke point or the lteys, and then retraverse the freine to return the carriage to its initial point.

The, machine herein-after described is provided with means for producing the ect-uation otx the several parte ofthe typewriter from either of a pluzelity o control sheets, or master-letters, (using this term to meen a perforated sheet which 'acts to controlthe Various movements of the movableperts'oi" the machined @ne of these so-celled ter-letters contains periiorntions which control the writing or the body ot s letter, and another sorelled master sheet ooiitains the controlling for insets that are in- Specification of Letters atent.

Fatented Sept, i, tette.

serial No. fiesoso.

sei-ted in the main Writing. To malte this clear, supposeit be 'desired to Write a. large number of letters, each ot which contains the saine text, hut each of Which is addressed to n dill'ercnt individuel, or in some otn which there are to he insets containing matter that is not contained in other letters. in thiscase, there are two sai-celled muster sheets, or master-letters, one ot which .Will be in operation during the Writing of the greater part, or body part, of the letter, While the second inaster-slieet will during this period he inactive, but at times, When the insets are to be iif'iitten, or the addresses are to he Written, the second master-letter Will come into control, and the first, or main master-letter will "he out of cont-rol. The

imaster-letter in either case consists of a sheet of perforated' paper similar in most respects to the sheet of perforated paper used in automatic mechanical music players, :ind the machine hereinafter oescrihed, sheets oi perforated paper are used as valves to control the admission of air through s. trac-ker board into a primary pneumatic, in which a valve is shifted that permits the action of a stronger sir force through u seconder7 "pneumatic which in controls the action a power pneumatic, or l throwing bellows. hammer, l th s is a. vertically reeiprtr stingrod, stril the key of the typewriter, and actnat the type hey, or other type mechanism piecisely ss the finger ot the human operator sctuates the key. Sonie ot the pneuinatics, instead of actuating haminersy actnate levers, 'which produce some of the shitting movements.

rEhe carriage travels forward under the ordinary spring power governed by the esmachines necessary is to engage an arm at-Y tached to e trveling nut or toothed meinber on the screw or Worin to the space lever,

L Winch is met ses nected with the carriage which the operatorv paper, and pushing the carriage back to itsstarting point on the line.

No attention need be paid to starting the carriage at any particular point, as after the connection is made, and the power connection made by which the instrument is actuated, the master-letten controls the proper location of the carriage, both for ine feed of the paper, and' for locating the carriage properlyffor the iirst stroke of the key on the paper to be printed. The master-letter is an endless strip, has continuous forward travel, and no attention need. thereafter be paid to the machine except to see that it be lilled with paper on, and that the ink ribbon of the machine be in suitable condition for good work. In other words, nothing is required for the further action of the machine than inspection from time to time, and the machine will then write and repeat the letter of the master-letter, inserting at proper places the insets of the second master-letter, repeating the same-so long. as power continues to be applied vto keep it in movement. The presence of the paper in the typewriter is unimportant to'the action of the machine. Of course the use of the machine without the paper is useless and destructive to the typewriter itself.

In the drawings which accompany this: Figure l1, is a- View of the assembled machine. F ig. 2,'is a. front elevation of the mechanism, (the front here meaning that side which is next to the typewriter, and at the right in Fig. l). Fig. 3, is a detail -eleyation of two key actuators. Fig. 4e, is a detail elevation of the mechanism which controls the movement of the master-letters. Fig. 5, shows the means for shifting the operation from one masterletter to another. Fig. 6, is a detail of the valve construction of the primary and secondary pneumatic. Fig. 7, is a side elevation of the half-nut which returns the carriage.' Fig. 8, is a detail of a portion of a master-letter. Fig. 9,

is a detail of the release which disengages the 'half nut from the return screw. Fig. 10 is a detail perspective of the line-space mechanism. Fig. 1.1 is a sectional side .elevation 'of the typewriter operator.

' The movable parts are actuated partly by the direct action of a mechanical motor, applied to a master-wheel 1, and partly by means of pneumatic motors that are themselves actuated primarily by lthe masterwheel v1. The pneumatics are actuated by means of an exhaust pump or bellows 3 and 4, of which the one part 3 isexpand'ed and lcontracted by`a pitman 5, actuated by a crank 6 on crank shaft 16 of the wheel 17. The Vpart 4 of the exhaust ybellows is nor to be writtenmally---held expanded by vspring 41, and in bellows 4 maintains an exhaust condition inv the chamber 71, and enables the air external to the various pneumatics to actuate the same when the master-letter is in such relation to the tracker-board, hereinafter mentioned, as to allow a small portion of air 'to pass through the tracker-board to actuate thefdiaphragm in the chamber 8; this air 1 may come through the tracker-board 9, or the tracker-board 91, depending upon the two master-sheets which are` arranged to self-control this. 1 The small amount of air entering from the tracker-board lifts the iiexible diaphragm 82, lifts the primary valve stem 83, closes the `valve 84 against seat 85 in the primary case, 'lifts valve 86 from the casing 87, and admits external air through opening 88, which transmits pressure through the passage 89, against diaphragm 72, and lifts' the secondary valve stem 73 in the secondary casing. The chamber 80 of the secondary Valve case is in continuous communication with the chamber of vpower pneumatic 61 (Fig. throughY pipe 75, and with air chamber 71 when: valve 76 is raised. The valve stem 7 3 lifts fthe valve 7 6 off from the.. diaphragm 77,' opening a passage from the valve chamber' 80, into the chamber 8. At the same time the valve stem 73 lifts valve 78, 'closing it against a seat around an opening 7 9 through the case 741-, and the' exhaust now drawing through pipei', collapses the power pneumatic 61,

and produces a plunger stroke which -utilized to actuate a type key or other part of the typewriting machine.

For each key of the 'typewriter to be actuated, there is a vertically reciprocating hammer 50, which normally rests on, or just above, the key 52 of the typewriter when the typewriter is in position. When a perf0ration through the master-letter sheet regisair admitted through the trackerfboard first actuat'es the diaphragm 82 to shift the valves VSl and 86, following which the larger amount of 'air entering port 88 and passing through the pipe 89, actuates the diaphragm 72 to open port 77, and close the entrance for external air intov the casing 74, afterv which the exhaust bellows 4 continuing in action causes'the power pneumatic 61 to collapse and roduce the stroke of the hammer 50 upon "t e key 52; this is the equivalent to the stroke of .the ringer of a manual operator, and produces upon a typewriter all the actuation which ai stroke of Vthe Asame key "los n ters with an opening of the tracker-board,

rizo

would produce if made by a manual oper? ator. The traveling and shitting movements of the typewriter are similarly produced, although in connection with some or them there are more intervening movable parts. The repeated action of the key han mers just described, or the successive action of a number. of key hammers actuating'different keys, produces the travel of the car- 'raige, and the imprint of the letter upon the paper carried by the carriage.

After the carriage. has reached its limit of travel, it is returned by mechanism which will be best understood from examination of Figs; l, 2 and l. Across. the machine is a screw or worm 20, journaled in bearings in the sideV members A and i3 of the frame. AThis screw or worm is actuated from the shaft of the master-wheel l, with which it is connected by means ot a miter gear ll on the said shaft, gear l2 on `the vertical shaft 13, and miter gears on the shaft land vthe shaft of the screw or worm 20. 'The screw or worm is in constant rotation when the machine is in operation, and it is v brought into actuating connection with the carriage by means `ot' a half-nut 2l with which is connected an erin 22 which engages `the line-space lever ot the typewriter. The half-nut Ethas .at least ne tooth to engage "between the threads or spirals et the screw or worm 26. lilith some typewriters, as '.for example the Underwood, the only arrangement 'necessary to make this conne@i tion is that the arm 22 he provided with a horizontal branch 23 through which there is a hole to engage over the uptnrned end or" the line-space lever 266 shown in Figs. l and l0. This lever is pivotally mounted so as to actuate against the tension of thespring 268 the usual slide 267, which is provided with a pawl QSQengaging a ratchet wheel 2?() connected to *the platen 2li so as to rotate the same.v To make connections between the operator andl any other typewriter, this'parni 22 is the only piece that needs to be changed in shape. K

, lhe halt-nut 21 is 4carried at the lower end of an arm 2la slidably mounted on va rocking guide :trame comprising upper and lower horizontal rods 68 and 68, respeov tively, connected by upright arms ythe lower rod 88El being pivoted at its ends in the frame members A 'and B. The rod 6 8? extends through an openingin the. arm Zia, thereby forming a pivotal support for the half-nut 2l. The vrod 68 of the rocking frame is adapted to been against a roller 2lb on the arm 2la and swing the half-nut into eno-agement with the screw 20.5V l

Ouring the forward `or letter-feed movenent or" the carriage., Athe half-nut is held' m g hen Vthe carriage has one mener-letter brings anto ait-ion` apower pneumatic 63 F ig. il) which oper ates through the following mechanism, to connect the half-nutwith the screw 20. The pneumatic 68 actuates a vertical rod 63a similar to the hammer rod except that it is connected with a bell crank lever G4, one branch of which 65 is pivotally connected to a horizontal plunger 6G. The free end of this plunger is normally supported on a pin 1G? on a vbracket 67, the plunger being provided with a stepped portion, such that after the plunger travels for a distance, it rises on the pin 16T which engages an in'- clin'ed surface 166 leading from the under surface of the upper step to the under surface of the lower step. During its travel, and previous to the lifting motion, the end ot the plunger strikes the rod 68 of the rocking guide frame.

The half-nut or toothed member 2l is normally out of engagement with the screw or worm, but is thrown into engagement 'with the screw or worm when the rod 68 is pushed over by the end of 'the plunger G6.. llhis actuation of the plunger 66, and the consequent engagement of the half-nut with the return screwvmay be brought about at any time during the forward movement of the carriage, and is dependent entirely upon a perforation properly placed in the masterletter. Such a perforation is always placed the end of a line of writing, and is also placed along the sheet at any place where `t is desired to have a line of writing stop and the .carriage return.

lli/Then the plunger 66 strikes the rod 68 and swings the :trame over, the frame, is automatically locked in its thrown-over position by a sliding block or catch 900 (Figs. f 2 and 9) which lies behind an'arm 69 of the rocking' frame near the pivot rod 68a. The block 900r has a thick portion 91 and a reduced portion 92, the latter when directly behind the arm 69 permitting the rocking trame to swing back and release the half nut 2l. VWhen the pneumatically operated rod 66 swings the rocking frame and moves the half-nut into mesh with the screw v20as above described, the block 900 is moved endwise by a coil spring 93, and brings the thi-slr portion 91 behind the armv 69, thereby locking the swinging frange to hold the halfnut in running contact .with the Screw 20. immediately after this'locking occurs, the

inclined tace 166 of the rod 66 engages the pin 167, and lifts the end of the plunger rodV 66 over' the rod 68, and no'longer abstructs the return of the frame, butthe return movement of the frame is now ypreventedby...I the block or catch 900. 4The swinging .trame is connected through a ,link 9ato aroclt frame-having rock arms 95 and 96, andthe latter rock arm 96 engages under ai hangingA frame that carries the pressure roll sothat simultaneouslywith the Atinue so long as the master-letter continues f in place without movement, and movement of the master-letter must be started again by dropping the pressure roll 30. This is eifected by the nut or toothed member 21 which, near the end of its travel along the screw or worm 20, strikes the end 901 of the block or catch 900, and pushes the block or catch endwise against the spring 93 until the thick part of the block or catch 900 has passed out of engagement with the frameA of which the arm 69 forms a part, when thef weight of the pressure roll 30, aided if necessary by a spring 301, (Fig. 9) causes the pressure roll 30 to drop its position of pressure engagement with the master-letter,` and advance the master-letter, bringing that, into action again.

wThe half-nut 21 during its travel along they screw or spiral 20 not only returns the carriage, but also operates through the line-f space lever 266 to rotate the platen a linespace distance, and at the same time place the returning spring 268 under tension. lVhen the half-nut strikes the catch 900 and releases the Arocking frame, the half-nut is. lifted from the screw 20 simultaneously with, the return of the pressure roll 30, and permits the line-space lever 266, actuated by the spring 268, to return to normal position,

which return movement carries the half-nut and runs until it strikes the block or catch 900, this movement of the half-nut again operating the line-spacer, and this action is repeated to an extentA which is determined bythe perforations in the master-letter sheet. It may be repeated once, twice, or any number of times; frequently when passing from the end of one letter to the beginning of another over a printed letterhead. it may be repeated several times.

rlhe feed of the master-letter sheet over the tracker-board is produced by the rotation of-afroll 101 over which the paper rolls. This roll 101 is driven by a pinion 102 which is on the same shaft with a friction driven ,wheel 103. r1`he friction driven wheel 103 is driven by a friction pinion 104 on the shaft 105, which shaft 105 is driven directly by-the screw shaft 2O by means of the miter pinion 201, and more remotely by the main driving wheel 1. The friction pinion 104 is adjustable along the shaft 105., across the face 'of the driven wheel to vary the speed of the master-letter over the roll 101. The travel speed of the master-letter controls all the other operative parts. y

The mechanism already described'eXplains that part of the operator which is employed in making a print to follow the masterletter. In order that headings, addresses, etc., may be written on the same sheet, and as a part of the product letter, a secondmaster letter sheet D is' inserted over a second tracker-board 9. The rock arm 96 which lifts pressure roll 30 'and thus controls the progress of master-letter C over feed roll 101, is connected by link to lever arm 196- which lifts pressure roll 301 and thus controls the progress of masterletter D over feed roll 201, and any actution of the rock frame comprising the arms' 69 will lift both rock arms 96 and 1196. Both pressure rolls are not, however, in operation at the same time, but always when one is in action as a pressure roll, the other is lifted oli' from its pressure action on its own feed roll. The two feed rolls are in constant and equal action and are driven by the friction driven wheel 103, and a similar wheel 203 on the shaft of pinion 202. The wheels 103 and 203 are belted together. In order that the pressure rolls 30 and 301 may come into alternate action, the frames in which they swing are engaged by the two ends of .an oscillating lever 204C, (see Fig. 5) which swings on a frame bar 200. One end of the lever with an interposed antifriction roll 205, engages under the arm 206 of the frame which carries the roll 30, and the other end with an interposed antifriction wheel 305 engages under the arm 306 of the frame which carries the .pressure roll 301. The swinging lever 204C is actuated by a reciprocating bar 208 from power pneumatic 161, to which a collapsing 4,movement is given 1n consequence of a perforation in the masterletter sheet C. The reciprocating bar 208 strikes a Ipin 210 on thelever 204, pushes the lever over untilthe end of the lever, or

the antifriction wheel on the end of the -leverhengages under :the thick'part or cani 1211 on the 'arm 206, .and 'lifts the pressure :roll .30. At the same time, the lower antifriction wheel .305, passes from under the thick part oricam 311 on the `arm 306,.and 30 rality Yof pneumatic tracker boards, ndijat vidual 'actuating means for actuating the several members of the typewriter, and pneumatic connections from each tracker board to each actuating means, whereby the actuation of the typewriter can be controlled' from any tracker board.

2. A typewriter operator including ay plurality of pneumatic tracker boards, individual actuating means for actuating the several members of'the typewriter, pneumatic connections from each tracker board to each actuating meanswhereby the actua'- 'tion of the typewriter can be controlled from. any tracker board, and means whereby any tracker board may be brought into requisition for operating the typewriter.

3. A typewriter operator in which a plurality of pneumatic master sheets operate valternately over a plurality of tracker boa-rds, lthe sheets controlling a shifting mechanism to cause either sheet to becomeV effective and stop the other sheet.

4. The combination with a, typewriter, of an loperator including a power-driven master wheel, pneumatics having means to 0pvcrate said typewriter', a traveling perforated sheet adapted to act as a control for the air actuating said pneumatics, means for advancing said perforated sheet, and pneumatic means for stopping the advance thereof controlled by a perforation through saidA sheet. y

5. The combination with a typewriter, of

an ,operator including a-plurality of pneu' matics having means to operate said typewriter, a plurality of perforated master sheets to control the air pressure actuating said pneumatics, and pneumatic means controlled by said sheets for automatically shifting the control from one to another of said "master sheets and 'causing them to stop and 'advance in alternation.v

6L The combination with a typewriter having a carriage, of a main actuator., ,a pneumatic selector mechanism to operate said typewriter, a carriage return actuator, a pneumatic to 'bring said carriage return actuator into engagement with the typewriter carriage, and means for suspending the action. of saidselector mechanism.

7. In combination with a typewriter, a pneumatic typewriter operator with two separately acting pneumatic master sheets, two tracker boards, common means connected to the tracker boards to control the operation of said typewriter, and pneumatic means connected to said tracker boards whereby eitherl master sheet may cause the cessation of its own action and simultaneous commencement of action of the companion master sheet.

8. The combination with a typewriting machine, of pneumatic means for causing A.the actuation of theA several parts of the prepared to write insets provided and each of which stops itself and starts the other, a plurality or tracker boards, and common connections to the pneumatics.

9. The combination 'with a typewriting machine, of a pneumatic actuator, for operating said typewriter, said actuator hav` ing a control sheet for writing. thtext of a document, and an endless control sheetin the document, each sheet stopping itself and starting the other, a plurality of tracker boards,' and common connections to the'pneumatics. I

10. The combination with a typewriting machine, of an actuator having a plurality of control sheets, for writing the text 'of a letter document, and the other of which isrendless and prepared to insert diii'erent names or addresses in the document, means for calling said control sheets into operation in alternation, andpneumatic -means controlled by either sheet one of which is prepared I cluding a plurality of tracker boards and a set of pneumatics common to said tracker" boards and operating the typewritingmachine.

l1. The combination with a typewritin'g machine, of a pneumatic actuator having -a plurality 'of control sheets, means being pro vided for enabling either sheet to cause the operation of said typewriter, and means controlled by lthe sheets for callingsuid control sheets into operation Vin alternation, and

simultaneously bringing theother sheet to rest.

A l2. The combination with a typewriter, ofa. pneumatic operator having aplurality ofY tracker boards, and a set of pncumatics common to said tracker boards and having means for 'enabling either tracker board to control theI operation of the .typcwriting machine, each tracker board having a pneumatic for calling the other into use.

13. The combination with a typewriter having operating members, of a pneumatic operator having a plurality of tracker boards, and means for enabling either" tracker board to control the operation of the typewriting machine, including a series of pneumatics, one for each of th'e typewriter operating members, 1

and means for enabling the pneumatics to be controlled through either tracker board,

ioo.

said controlling meansy each tracker board having a pneumatic for f calling the other into use. l f

14. In a typewriter actuator,.the combination with a means for enabling either tracker board to plurality of tracker boards, of 1251V`V control vthe operation ofthe tvpewritng` ma?, r1

chine, said controllingr means including series of pneumat1cs, one forveach of the.

typewriter operating members, and means for enabling the pneumatics, each of said incase? pneumatics consisting of a primary and -a secondary pneumatic, to be controlled through either tracker hoard, each of said pneumatici being controlled by a primary and a secondary pneumatic, each tracker hoard having a pneumatic for calling the other into use.

15. il typewriter actuator comprising a series of bellows, a series of hammers connected thereto, each hammer in the form of a vertically reciprocating rod, said rods arranged in banks over the keys of the typewriter, to strike down thereon.

1G. in a typewriter actuator, the combination of a revolving screw extending across the machine parallel with the direction of travel of the carriage of the typewriter, power-driven means to revolve said screw, an exhaust device having power driven means which are connected to said screw, a nut normally disengaged from saidscrew and havingr an arm connected to the linespacing and carriage-returning devices of the typewriting machine, a tracker board, a power pneumatic connected to said exhaust device and to 'said tracker hoard, means operated by said pneumatic to engage said nut with said screw to return the carriage, mea-ns to feed a control sheet over the tracker hoard, means also operated by said pneumatic 'to arrest the Jfeed of the sheet, and means operated by said nut when driven by said screw, to cause said sheet t resume its feeding.

17. In a typewriter'actuator, the combina-l tion of a revolving screw extending across the machine parallel with the direction of travel of the carriage of thetypewriter, power-driven means to revolve said screw, an exhaust device having powerdriven means which are connected to said screw, a nut normally disengaged from saidscrew and having an arm connected to the line-spacing .and carriagesreturning, devices of the typewriting machine, a tracker board, a power pneumatic connected to said exhaust device and to said tracker board, means operated.

hy said pneumatic to enga-ge said nut with said screw to return the carriage, a power driven roll, a pressure roll coperating therewith to feed a. perforated control sheetover the tracker hoard, means operated by said pneumatic to release said pressure roll, and means connected to said nut to restore said pressure roll to normal position. y

i8. in a typewriter actuator, the combination or" revolvingl screw extending across the machine parallel with the direction of travel or the carriage of the typewriter, power-driven means to revolve said screw, an exhaust device having powerdriven means which are connected to .said screw, a` nut normally disengaged from vsaid screw and an arm connected to the lineu spacing and carriage-returning devices of sheet over the tracker/hoard, means operated by said pneumatic to release said pressure roll, means independent of said pneumatic to maintain said nut in engagement with said screw, and means controlled oy said nut 4to release itself from said screw and restore said pressure roll to normal position to cause the feeding of the control sheet to he resumed.

19. in a typewriter actuator, the combination of a revolving screw extending across the machine parallel with the direction or travel of the carriage of the typewriter,4 power-driven means to revolve said screw, an exhaust device having 'powerdriven means which are connected to said screw, a nut normally disengaged from said screw and having an arm connected to the linespacing and carriage-returning devices et the typewriting` machine, a tracker board, a power pneumatic connected to said exhaust device Yand to said tracker hoard, plunger connected to said pnenmatic,`an arm connected to said nut and operated by said` plunger to engage the nut with the screw, said nut and its arm being carried upon a rocking guideiframe extending along said screw, a trip pressed by a Spring into -position to hold said trame when the latter isl moved by said plunger to connect the nut to the screw, a part on said nut to press the trip hack to release said frame, aspring to separate the nut from the screw, aqpowerdriven roll, a pressure roll carried uponea'. frame and cooperating with the powerldriven roll to eedthecontrol sheetoverthe roll frame to said guide irme to release the pressure roll simultaneously with the move-` ment of the nut into engagement with the screw, and restore said pressure roll simultaneously with the separation of the nut from the screw.

20. ln a .typewriter actuator, the 'combination with a power shaft, of a screw shaft connected to said power shaft, a Yroll shaft also' connected to said power shaft, a. tracker hoard, a pressure roll to cooperate with said roll shaft to 'iced a master sheet over lhe Lraclrer hoard, pneumatics connected to said recher hoard having hammersto oprate the lreys ci the typewriter, acarria e drive-nut, a pneumatic also connected to the"y tracker hoard to connect said carriage drivenut with .said screw,- means to arrest 'the reed or" the 'control' sheet during the return of the carriage, and means to the control sheet to res-urne feeding;

21. In a typewriter actuator, the eonabination with a power shaft' anda=bellcwsoon nected thereto, of a screw shaft co'nnectedto. said power shaft, a roll shaft also connected,

to said power shaft,atrackerboarda'apres-z sure roll to coperatewitlif saideroll shaft'. to feed a masterY sheet overthetacken board, pneumaticsconnected Ato saidtrackerboard and having hammers-:to operate'the keysao the.. typewriter,- co'nnectionsbetw'een' the bel-:f lowsfand the pneumatics, a carriage drivey tracker board-to connectsaid carriage drive-- nut with said screw vspeed-regulating Ymeans .being provided between the roll shaft and'y the power shaft.

22. AIna typewriter actuator, the combination with a tracker board, ofy a'plzower shaft, a screw shaft connected tosaidpower shaft to be .driven thereby, a roll shaft also connected to said power shaft, aftrackenl board, a pressure roll to cooperate withv said` roll shaft toieed a master sheet over thetracker board, a second tracker board, asecy ond power drivenroll also connected to said'.

. power shaft, a second Vpressure roll coperating with said second power driven roll, to feed a second controlling sheet over the second tracker board, a set of pneumatics connected by Y-couplings to saidv tracker boards, and having hammers 4to operate the keys of the typewriter, a pneumatic also connected by a Y-coupling to the tracker boards to connect a carriage drive-nut with said screw, means toarrestthe -feed vof the control sheets during: thereturn of the carriage by means ofsaid-screw, and means to Y cause the control sheets toresumejfeeding, i 23. 1n `a typewriter actuator, the combi- 40 nation with av tracker board, offa power shaft, a bellows, connected thereto, a rscrew shaft connected to said power shaftto be driven thereby, a rollshaft also connectedto said.v power shaft, a tracker board, apres- -sure rollto coperate'with said-roll' shaft to eedaa master sheet-over the tracker board, a second-tracker board, a second power-driven `roll' also v@connected to said power shaft, a llvsecond pressure roll coperating withA said ff second power-driven roll; to feed-a second' j controlling sheet over the second .tracker board, f a setof pneumatics connectedbyY- couplings tosaid'tracker boards,and havingy hammersl to operate the keys of'` the typewriter, a pneumatic alsovconnected-:by 'a Y- coupling to the tracker boards to connect a carriage drive-nut with said screw, rconnec- .Lions between the bellows andrthe pneu-y matics,means.to arrest the eedof the control sheets during the return of the. carriage. by means of said screw, means to oa'usethe control sheets to resume feeding, andiv means to enable either'sheet to stop itsI own feed andstart the feed ot thezothersheet'..

"said power-dmvem r0l1s,.'and a pneumatic `"tracker board.v Y nut, and: a pneumatic also connected to the 1. matic connected to each tracker board'A and l rniente-'11 1.24 ai combined-.typewriter andropera 65 toni L.the combination with a typewriter,v of

-operate the typewriter, E a.' power-driven: roll foreach tracker-boardg. pressure rolls for connected to each'tracker board and pro'- 'videdffwith .means both toqreleaseits associatedl pressure 'rolle' and to call? into'action the pressure' rolly 'associated with the other v 25.-A In a typewriter operator, thek combination withitwo tracker boards, of a powerdriven rollpfor each tracker board, pressure rolls for said power driven rolls, and a pneuprovided-with means both to release its as= .sociated pressure roll and vto call into action the pressure roll associated with the other -tracker board, `frames on which said pressure rolls are mounted, saidv frames provided with roll-releasing cams, anda le- Ver extending from one cam to the other to engage one while releasing the other, said pneumatics having means to vibrate said lever. l I' g 26. In atypewriter operator, the combination with two tracker boards, of a power- 'driven roll for each tracker board, pressure rolls for said power driven rolls, and a pneumatic connected'to each trackerboard and providedwith mea-ns both to release itsi associatcd pressurevroll and to-call into action`the pressure roll associated with the other tracker board, fram'es on which `said pressure rolls are mounted,l said frames provided-with roll-releasing cams, and a 1ever extending from one camto the other vto engage o\ne.while releasing the other,- said pneumatics having means tol vibrate saidA lever, and'said vibrating means comprising plungers and trips for the pliingers,

27. In a typewrter'operator, thecombination with mechanism forloperating certain parts o'f; a typewriter,ola'y master. sheet for controlling thev operation: of said mechanism, a 'friction disk' connected so as to drive said mastersheet,a shaft, and afriction pinion,adjustab1e=along said shaft and across the face 0f* said.. disk, whereby the speed of said master'sheet may be varied to control of the speed of saidmechanism.

28.. The combination with 'a typewriter,

ofV al pneumatic typewriter actuator having a master sheet controlling its action and arranged to automatically run repeatedly, independent of manual shifting, through said actuator, so as to reproduce any number of times a predetermined sequencev of opera-Z tions of said typewriter by said actuator.

29. The combination with a-typewriter, 0fa` pneumatic typewriter actuatorhaving a master sheet controlling-its' action and ar' ranged-to automatically run repeatedly, in-` of a typewriter, of a worm, means for driving said worm, and pneumatically controlled mechanism operable to coperate with said .worm to impart retracting movements to the platen roll.

42. The combination with the platen roll of a typewriter, of a rotating worm, pneumatically controlled mechanism operable to coperate with said worm to impart retracting movements to the platen roll, and means actuated' by a part of said mechanism to impart line-spacing movements to the platen roll when said mechanism is actuated.

43. The combination withV a rotating worm, of a carriage having engagement with the platen roll and capable of longitudinal movements therewith,.a tooth movably carried by said carriage -for engagement with the worm, and pneumatically operated mechanism for controlling the worm engaging and disengaging movements of said tooth to cause it to coperate with the worm to retract the'carriage and platen roll a predetermined distance. l

' v44. The combination with a platen-roll, of a rotating worm, means having longitudinal movements with the platen-roll and having a relatively` movable part for engagement with said worm to coperate therewith to communicate retracting movements to said means and platen, and pneumatically operated mechanism for controlling the movements of said part to engage and disengage the worm at predetermined intervals.

45.- The combination with the platen-roll of a'typewriter, of rotatable means, a carriage attached to and movable with said .l platen-roll and having a part capable of movement to engage' and disengage said means to coperate therewith to move the carriage and platen-roll to retracted position, and pneumatically controlled mecha- ,/nism operable to move said part to engage said means at predetermined intervals.

46. The combination with a platen-roll of a typewriter, of power means, mechanism normally disengaged from said-power means, and adapted when engaged with said means to .coperate therewith to impart retracting movements to the platen-roll and pneiunatically controlled mechanism to engage and release ,the power means at vpredetermined intervals.

47. rIhe combination with the platen-roll of a-typewriter, of a rotating worm, a carriage, attached to,y and movable with the- *platen-roll and having a part for engaging with said worm to cause retracting move-` ments to be communicated to the carriage 'andn platen-roll from ,a rotation of said vworm, a member acting on said parttonormally retain it out of engagement with sald worm and movable to place it mto engagement therewith, and mechanism operable to automatically move said member to engage said part with the worm at predetermined intervals.

48. lThe combination with the platen-roll of a typewriter, of power means, a carriage attached to and movable with the platenroll and having apart for engaging said power means to coperate therewith to impart retracting movements to the carriage, a member acting on said 'part to normally retain it out of engagement with said power means and movable to ei'ect its engagement' with the power means, means automatically operable to move said member to place said part in engagement with the power means, catch means for holding said member in shifted position, and means automatically operable to release said ycatch means to permit a disengagement of said part and power l means when the carriage has been retracted a predetermined extent.

49. The combination with the platen-roll of a typewriter, of power means, a carriage yieldingly attached tov and movable with the platen-roll, means guiding the movement of said carriage, mechanism acting on a part of a typewriter, of a drive worm, a carriage movable with said platen-roll and having arms projecting therefrom and in thrust engagement with the opposite ends of said roll, a part carried by said carriage for en-V gagement with the worm to coperate therewith to move the carriage and platen-roll to line starting position, and mechanism automatically operable to move said part at predetermined intervals to engage and release said worm. l

5l. The combination .with a rotating worm, of a platen-roll carriage capable of longitudinal movements, a platen-roll movable longitudinally therewith, a tooth, nut or follower movably carried by said carriagewfor engagement with the worm, mechanism for controlling the worm engaging and'disengaging'movements of said tooth`- to cause it to coperate with the Worm to retract the carriage a predetermined distance,^;and means actuated by a part of said mechanism to impart line spacing movementsto the platen roll. I v

52. The combination withl a platen-roll.

platen-roll and having a part capable of movements to engage and disengage said Vmeans to cooperate therewith to move the carriage and platen-roll to retracted position, automatically controlled mechanism loperable to move said part to engage said means at predetermined intervals, and means actuated by a part of said mechanism 'to impart line-spacing movements to the platen roll.

.54. The combination with the platen-roll of a typewriter, of a rotating worm, a carr-iage yattached to and movable with the platen-roll and having a part for engaging said worm to cause retracting move- 'ments tobe communicated to the carriage platen-roll from a rotation of said worm, a member acting on said part to normally retain it out of engagement with said ,145.'meansfto .coperate therewith to impart re- .worm and movable to place it into engagementztherewith, mechanism operable to automatically vmove -said member to engage the worm yat predetermined intervals, and linespacing'means actuated by a movement otsaid mechanism.

r5.5. The combination with the platen-roll of a typewriter, of power means, a carriage attached to and vmovable with the platen-roll andfhaving a part for engaging said power tracting movements to the carriage, a member acting on said part to normally retain it from engagement with said power means and movable. to'eiect -its engagement with the power means, mechanism automatically operable to move said member to place said part into engagement with the power means, catch means for holding said member in shifted position, means automatically operable to release said catch means to permit a disengagement of said part and power means when the carriage has been retracted a predetermined extent, and line-spacing means actuated by a movement of said mechanism.

56. rIhe combination with the platen-roll of a typewriter, of power means, mechanism normally disengaged from said power means and adapted when engaged with such means to eoperate therewith to impart retracting movements to the platen roll, and pneumati- Ilia.

cally operated perforated sheet controlled mechanism for engaging and releasing the power means atpredetermined intervals.

57. The combination with the platen-roll of a typewriter, of power means, a carriage attached to and movable with said platenroll and having a part capable of movement to engage and disengage said power means to cooperate therewith to move the carriage and platen-roll to retracted position, and mechanism automatically operable to move said part to engage said means at predetermined intervals. 4

58. The combination with a typewriter carriage, of a `constantly driven member, master members. and a common means separately controlledby the master members for controlling the connection of said carriage -with said driven member, so'as to govern the automatic means comprising` separately opl erable controlling devices for' connecting and disconnecting said carriage with said member at predetermined points, to determine the period of movement of said car-l riage.

62. yThe combination `with a typewriter having a keyboard, or' a single set of pneumatie actuators for said keyboard, a'plural.- ity of control sets for said set of pneumatic actuators, and means for selectively shifting the activity from one control set to another.

63. The combination with a typewriter, of a single set of actuators for operating the parts of said typewriter, an endless master sheet having its general character interrupted at a series of successive points corresponding to the voperation of individual actuators to operate corresponding parts of said typewriter, so as to produce the body portion of a typewritten piece of work, said master sheet being endless so that the initial one of said points corresponding to the rst writer by said actuators over and over again, and .a second master sheet having severall groups of points interrupting the general character thereof, each group correspending to a separate insertto be made in the main portion of the typewritten piece of werk.

64. The combination with a typewriter, of a single set of actuators for operating the parts of said typewriter, an endless master sheet hai/'ing its general character interrupted at la series of .successive points 'correspending to the operation of .individual .aC/- tuators to operate corresponding tparts of said type-writer, so as to produce the body port-'ion of a typ ewritten piece of work, said master sheet being endless so that the Ainitial one of said points corresponding to the first -typewriting operation oit' a piece of avonk can succeed the last of said points corresponding to the final typewr-itin-g operation of -a l@piene of typewritten work, driving mea-ns for feeding said master sheet reF peatedly ,in-cme direction so as to .effect a definite series/'of operations of the parts of sai-d typewriter by .said actuators any desired number oftimes, a secondmaster sheet having several :groups of points interrupting fthe general character thereof, each group corresponding to a separate insert -to .be made in the main portion of the typewrit-ten piece :of work, and feeding` means for pass- ,ing said second master sheet intermittently in one direction.

65. The combination with a typewriter, of a single set .of actuators for operating the parts of said typewriter, an Iendless master sheet having its general character interrupted at a series of successive points corresponding .to the operation of individual actuators to operate corresponding parts -of said typewriter, so as to produce the body portion-of a typewritten piece of work, said master sheet being endless so that the initial one of said points corresponding to the arst.

typewriting operation of a piece of work can .succeed rthe last of said points corresponding to the final typewriting operation of a piece of typewritten work, feeding means for feeding said master sheet repeatedly in one direction so as to effect a de nite series of operations of the parts of said typewriter bysaid actuators any desired lnumberof times, a second master sheethaving several vgroups of points .interrupting the gen.-

eral character thereof, each group corre spending to a separate insert to be made in the main portion of the ty'pewritten piece of work, feedingmeans for passing said second master sheetintermittently in one direction, and shifting means for alternating the vactivity from one feeding means to the other. 4 66. The combination with a typewriter, of actuators for the several parts `of said typewriter, a plurality fof control sets for said actuators, each including amastersheeniand individual feeding means for said master sheets, VAsaid feeding means alternating in action -so that each-master sheet will be stationary bwhile another is in action.

-67. The combination with a typewriter, of actuators for the several' parts' of said typewriter,'a control set including a tracker, a repeat master sheet,-and means for feeding the same portions of said master sheet repeatedly into ooperation with said tracker, means for rendering said feeding means ineffective so that said master sheetwill remain stationary, and ya control set for governing the actionof said actuators while said repeat master sheet is stationary.

6 8. The combination with a typewriter, of actuating vmeans for said typewriter, a master sheet for controlling the action of said actuating means, a` power-drivenv roll for said master sheet, and a .pressure roll movaloleinto and 4out of engagement with said master sheet sto enable the feeding of said mastersheet by said powendriven roll.`

69. The combination with a typewriter, of. actmiting means forsaid typewriter, a master sheet for controlling the action fof said actuating means, a power-driven roll for feeding said master sheet, a pressure roll for holding said master sheet in engagement with said power-driven -roll s o that said master sheet can be fed thereby, shifting means Ifor determining'the action .of said pnessure roll, .and means for controlling` the action .of said shifting means from saidA master sheet.

T0. The combination with a typewriter, of actuating means for said .typewriter-a mas` ter sheet .for controlling the action Vof saidV actuating means, a power-driven roll for said master sheet, a pressure roll for holding said master sheet vin close :engagement with :said power-driven roll, a shifting lever for vvdetermining the action of said'pressure rol'zl,

a lpressure .roll out of contact with said y said master sheet, a pressure -rol'l for hold.

.ing said master .sheet in close. engagementA with said power-.driven froll, .a shifting leveri lfor determining fthe laction Vof said pressure; roll, a vpressure .roll out of Contact 1with said lever Vmovable into Contact therewith to shift the same, and a collapsible bellows for re;A ciprocating said pressure roll. 72. The combination with a typewriter, of actuating means lfor said .typewrihcnia mas-r ter sheet for controlling the actioii of said actuating inea-ns, feeding mechanism for said .master sheet, shift-ing means for determining the action of said feeding means, and actuating means for said Ishifting means .1rov I movable into operative' engagement;` with said shifting means and moving free and clear of said shifting means after having actuatedthe'same.

73. The combination with a typewriter, of actuating means for said typewriter, a master sheet for controlling the action of said actuating means, feeding mechanism for said master sheet, shifting means for determining the action of said feeding mechanism, actuating means-for operating said shifting means, and disconnecting means operating to force said last-mentioned actuating means free and clear of said shifting means after having operated the same.

74, The combination with a typewriter, of actuating means for said typewriter, a. plurality of master sheets for controlling the action of said actuating means, feeding means individual to each of said master sheets. shifting means for' determining which of said feeding means shall be eiiectively active, and a plunger individual to each of said feeding means foreperating said shifting means.

75. The combination with a typewriter, of actuating means for said typewriter, a plurality of master sheets for controlling the action of said actuating means, feeding means 'individual to each of said master sheets, shifting means for determining which ofy said feeding means shall be effectively active, a plunger individual to each of said feeding means' for operating said shifting means, means-individual to each plunger for shooting it forward to act-nate said shifting means and for holding it forward in its operated position, and divertingmeans for disconnecting said plungers from said shifting means after said-plungers have actuated the sama-so as tol enable a free return of said shifting means subsequently.

T6. The combination with a typewriter, of

, actuating means for said typewriter, a pair raity'of master sheets for controlling'the' .action oifsaid vactuating means, unidirecof master sheets for controlling the action of said actuating means, a tracker board individual to each ofsaid master sheets, means for feeding vsaid master" sheets pastv said tracker board, and Y air conduits connecting each ofsaid pneumatic actuators with both ofsaid tracker boards, whereby any of said actuators can be controlled from bothl of said trackemboards.

.-'v The combination with a typewriter, of actua-ting means for said typewriter, a plu- .rate inserta-and means forcoiitroiling said feeding means to change from control by one master sheet to control by another master sheet.

78. A typewriter operator comprising a master sheet; an independent master sheet;l

and means to coperate with said master sheets, to enable either of them to 4select the trains to be operated by said source of power.

79. A. typewriter operator comprising a set of type-operating trains; a source of power permanently connected `to said trains and tending constantly to operatethem; a master sheet; an independent master sheet; means to cooperate with said master sheets or devices; to enable either of them to select the trains to be operated by said source of power, and means for advancing each master sheet and concomitantly suspending the advance of the other.

80. A typewriter operator comprising a set of type-operating trains, a 'source of power permanently connected to said trains and tending vconstantly to `operate them, a

' plurality of tracker boards over which master sheets may run, and means extending from said tracker boards to said trains to cooperate with the master sheets to control the operation of the trains. y

8l. A typewriter operator comprising a set of type-operating trains, a source of" power permanently connected to said trains and tending constantly to operate them, plurality of tracker boards over which mas=- ter sheets may run, and a connection ramifying from, each of said trains to said tracker boards, to enable either master-sheet to control the operation of the train.

82. A typewriter operator comprising a set of type-operating trains, a source of powerl directly connected to said trains and tending constantly to operate them, a master sheet, la second master sheet, means to cooperate with said master sheets, to enable either of them to select the trains to be op# erated by said source of power, advancing mechanisms for said sheets, and means, also under the control of said master sheets, for silencing either sheet-advancing mechanism and concomitantly causing the other sheetadvancing mechanism to resume operation.

83. A typewriter operator comprising a set of type-operating trains, a source of ing or advancing'mans being provided for said master sheets, contrciling mechanism for sai-att ing insane gestart aan sheets in alternation, and poweedriren

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