US1109434A - Condenser. - Google Patents

Description

P. LEYENDBCKBR CONDBNSBR.

APPLICATION FILED JAN.28, 1913.

Patented Sept. 1, 1914.

P. J. LEYENDECKER;

UONDENSER.

APPLICATION FILED JANZB, 19134 Patented. Sept, 1, 1914.

2 SHEETS-SHEET Z.

.Unir 's' nrs rnni rnrnn J. nnrnninnonnn, or n-nnnonrinnn, new Jensen'.

CNBENSER.

specicanon of Letters Patent.

Application inea January 2e, 191e. sensi no. meutre. l

To alli/whom may'concem 1- A.Be it known that 1, PETER' 5 LEYEN- DECKER, a citizen of the United States, re-A siding in Haddonield, New-fJersey, neve lnvented' certain Improvements ,1n Condensers, of Which lthe following isa specification.v

My inventionconslsts of 'e condensersuch es 1s' employed .for refrigeratlng purposes Where ammonia gas is liquefied and used as The chief object of my invention is to effeet a quickerl condensationof ammonia or other gases than has been accomplished heretofore and to do the seme Witha less number of coils or pipes. y

Another object is to' produce acooler liquid than hes heretofore been produced by condensers of the -saine size:J

These objects, and other objects'which will be described hereinafter l attain in the fol lowing manner, references being had tothe accompanying drawings in which,

Figure 1, is d side elevation of a tube condenser constructed in accordance with my invention; Fig. 2, is an end elevation of my invention looking from the left, of Fig. 1;

Fig. 25, is un enlarged section of a Adetail of' my invention showing a liquid-egectlng nozare connected at. their reanends by bendsv 1T of any well known construction and the tubes 11 and 12, and 13 and' 14, are respectively connected together et theiriorwardends by bends 18 which may be similar 11iconstruction to the bends 17. Bonds 19 connect the forward .endsv of the tubes and 6, 7 and S, and 9 and 10 respectively, and are oit a special construction which will be more Each 'stack or ,nach of eis-pipes funy described hereinafter. The 'been eo which connects the tube 1': with the tube Patented Senn 1,1914.,

16 is of such a constrnction 'es to allow e.

pipe 21-connectedthereto to leed to a header,

or liquid ammonia take-o pipe 22 which extends transversely of the stacks 1, 2 and 3,

-or any number of stacks which may' be employed in the condensei.. The 'pipe 16* en# tending upwardly from the rear end of the tube 16 -and which is shown broken olf in Figfl may be led to on equeliing chember in e manner which is in common preotice inthe art and may else be connected to a foul' gas reservoir. in my 'weil known man ner. The tube' 16 communicates with the discharge pipe 21 and. provides e, s'pce or chamber permitting thecotents of the condenser to freely iuctue'te, es Willbe more fully described hereinafter. A. pipe 23 connects the'heeder Q2 with a liquid supply pipe or header 24 which extends transversely to and et the base of the said stacks. The mein supply inlet f'or the ammonia gas consists of the' ierg'e header 2-5 which extends transversely of the stacks "(Fig. 2)l and has e series of take-oil pipes 26,' 27 and 28, preferably one foreach stack of tubes. These takeeo pipes 26, 27, and 28 cohnect'respeetively with the forward ends 29 of the bottom tubes -i and supply the 'ammonia gas, which isund'e'r pressure, to the. coils so that, it can poss or circulate through the several tubes comprising each coil or stack.

Each of the pipes 26, 2'? and 28 is provided With the nioint Bwhich is bored et 31 (Fig. 3) forthe reception of a nozzle 32 having an opening of small diameter.

These nozzles 32 ere each connectedby 'pip- 'ing B to the liquid stipply pipe or header 24. The 'nozzles '32 are so arranged 'that their upper ends entend and open inte the interior of the pipeso, 27 and 28 respectively and are free communication therewit 1 26, 2? and 28 is connected to certain pipes of the stacks by relay pipes 36, 37 and -38 4which respectively pass through the bends wend ere. provided with nozzles`139, L10 and 41; each having an ejectivelyare connectedto deliverftothe tubes S i 'zand 6 andare each surrounded by a sleeve..

jui

Ationborez of small diameter. .Thenozzle .39 islso arianged 4as to vproject into the interior of the ipe v/andfis surrounded by 'asleeve 43 having an inner diameter greater "than the outer diameter of the-end of the nozzlei;l ifThiss'leevefis provided with ports 44 which are adjac'entthel end .of the nozzle. ln'like manner thernozzles 40 .and 41 respecfsimilar to that just described. Rcgulati i' walv'es maybe placed vallor any of the i L seveiailpipes'if desired;

--'-Heretofore', in condensers 'of' this general type Where ammonia. gasunder pressure "was admittedinto v.the longen pipe of a condenserV oilygwhichwas cooled on its outer surface Iby".'w'ater running thereover, the gas ,'circulatedjthrough the tubes of the pipe .withpracticallynov agitation, and only the which .was directly adjacent the cold innerwall of the tube became cooled. The

passed through the tubes in substantially cylindrical form and as ammonia gas is a r conductor it was only after the gas adjacentthe said inner walls of the tube became condensed thatthe core or inner vol.v

.Lune ofgas came in Contact .with theinner Sil sur-face of the condenser tubes and was thereby. cooled and condensed.

.1t-is one of the chief features of my invention to agitate thev ammonia-gas vwhile through thei tubesv so 'as to bringnewand dierent portions thereof into contact with the i5/the bottom from a suitable source such as a vperforated pipe m for example and at the same time ammonia gas under pressure passes 'downwardly through the pipes 26 27 and 28 and into the bottom pipes 4 in the direction shown by the arrows in Figs. lV and 2.4 At the same time a certain amount of the previously condensed or liquid ammonia,- vvhich passes from the pipe 21 into the header 22 and down through the pipe 23 to the header 24, passes through the nozzles 32 and is admitted into the interior of the respective pipes 26, 27 and 2S. The movement of the gas passing through the said latter pipes carries the liquid ammonia, which has just passed throught-he nozzles 32, through the tubes of the coil in avprecipitated form and forms a mixture of am-v monia gas and of liquid ammonia. Simultaneously with this action ammonia gas under pressure passes through the relay. pipes 36, 37 and 38 and the nozzles 39,' l40 and 41 respectively and is ejected into the pipes 6,- S and 10 in the direction of the arrows shown in Figs. .1 and Ll. AThis latter ejaction of the ammonia gas forms an agitating means for the ammonia gas and liquid mixture as just described,and as the same passes through the several tubes causes diiferent portions of the' ammonia mixture lto be brought into contact with the inner surface o f the condensing Atubes as previously mentloned, vand greatly facilitates and expedites the condensationof the. ammonia gas. The

liquid ammonia passes out of the pipe 21 into. the 'header 22 and a smallpart;passes :down the pipe 23 as heretofore described to again actas a conducting medium by bef. ving delivered through the nozzles 32. The

greater part of` the .ammonia liquid passes out o f the lheader 22La'nd is lused forrefrigl erating purposes. i y v Y By having' a plurality of nozzles as 39, 40

and 41 throughout the heights of the con? denser'c'oih each successive nozzle acts asa 'relay to impart an additional agitation to the ammonia gas and liquid mixture' which 4is passing through the tubes. Also, by hav ing the sleeve provided with the ports 44,.

suction' is produced from the lower portions of the bends 19 into the upper portions and consequently the mixture is moved from a lower pipe to a high pipe, thus greatly accelerating the movement of the uncondensed ammonia' gas. Three of these relay nozzles are shown for each stack in the drawings, but any number may be utilized.; also' they are shown as applied to the lower bends and lower pipes but they may be used atregular or irregular intervals throughoi'it the height of the stacks. I

The tube A1G, which forms a continuation of the condenser coil beyondthe discharge pipe 21, provides space for anyvariation or 'fluctuation of the contentsof the condenser;

such for example as is. due to the intermittent pumping of the ammonia gas into the condenser, 4and allows a free' movement of the contents of the condenser independently of the movement caused by the discharge of the condensed ammonia, thus permitting' ad-A ditional agit-ation of the contents of the condenser and thereby a more rapid condensation.

In the modication shown in 5, I

have shown a. nozzle which l may employ as a relay nozzle or liquid ammonia ejecting nozzle; the idea being that the gas or liquid will be ejected in a helical form or at an angle so as to be directed toward the inner Wall of the condenser tube or pipe. In this case instead of having the ejection bore extending in the line of the axis of the nozzle throughout its length, the saine is may be formed in the nozzle.

Iii the .drawings I have shown the nozzles 32" projecting upwardly and at right angles to the pipes 26, 27 and 28 but it will be un dei'stood that the saine vmay be run at anyy angle or arranged at any position with respectto each other. Also, while I have describedi my invention as being used for the condensation of ammonia gas, other gases or liquidsthan ammonia may' be employed in connection therewith. Also, while I have shown the condenser comprising three stacks or coils, it will he understood that each coil is-a condenser, and in instances where only a small amount of liquidV ammonia isdesited only one coil can beused. Ir soine cases, if itA is so desired, the slee `es I3 could be eliminated, and the nozzlest) would then serve to eject the ain- `inonia gas directly into the tubes 6, 8,10,

&c. Oi' some of the nozzles 39 could be pro.-

vided with the sleeves 413, and others could be allowed to remain without the sleeve 43. I claim l. condenser comprising a body portion; a main gasiiilet pipe communicating therewith; an agitating nozzle for injecting additional quantities of gas. into said body portion; means for delivering gas to said nozzle; and afcondensed liquid discharge pipe for said body portion.

A condenser comprising a body portion; a main gas inlet pipe communicating therewith; a series of agitating nozzles connected to a source of gas and arranged to inject gas into the interior of said body portion at different points of the length thereof; and a condensed liquid discharge pipe for the said body portion.

3. A condenser comprising a coil; a main gas inlet pipe communicating therewith; an

agitating nozzle connected to a source of and arranged with its delivery passage in position to direct gas into the coil at an angle to the line of the adjacent portion thereof; and a condensed liquid discharge pipe for the said coil.

l.' i condenser comprising a body portion; a inain gas inlet pipe communicating therewith; an agitating nozzle connected to a source of gas and mounted to inject addiiii) tional gas into said body portion; a device coc-perating with the nozzle to form a suction within the coil for accelerating the movement of the fluid therein; and a condeiisedl liquid discharge pipe for the-said body portion.

A condenser comprising a body portion; a main gas inlet pipe communicating therewith; an agitating nozzle connected t inject additional gas into said body portion; a' sleeve provided with ports land surtheiice through said sleeve vto forni rounding said-nozzle, said sleeve being open adjacent the discharge end of the nozzle; moans-for delivering gas to the nozzle .and

suc tion through the ports thereof; and a co deiised liquit discharge pipe for the coil.-

il. rIv'lie combination iii a condenser of a coil; a niain inlet pipe communicating therewith; a nozzle connected to a source of liquid for delivering the saine into the gas iii the coil to form a mixture therewith; a

gas-injecting nozzle connected to a source of gas and to said coil; and a condensed liquid discharge pipe leading from said coil.

7. A condenser comprising a coil; a inain gas inlet communicating therewith; a nozzle connected to a source of liquid for delivering the same into the gas in the coil to form a mixture therewith; a series of nozzles connected to a source of gas and arranged to inject the saine intothe interiorl of said coil at different points of the length thereof; anda condensed liquid discharge pipe leading from the coil. h

8. A condenser comprising a coil; a main gas inlet pipe communicating therewith; a nozzle connected to a source of liquid for delivering the saine into thegas to forni a mixture therewith; a gas-injecting nozzle connected to 'a source of gas and to said coil with its delivery passage entering said coil in position to direct the gas at an angle to the inner surface thereof; and a condensed liquid .discharge pipe leading from said coil. '7

9.. A condenser comprising a coil; a -main gas inlet pipe communicating therewith; a condensed `liquid discharge/.pipe leading from said coil; a nozzle connected to a vthe gas to form' a mixture therewith; a nozzle connected to a source of gas for injecting additional gas into the coil; and a pipeconnecting the liquid discharge pipe with the iirst nozzle.

l0. 'A condenser comprising a coil; a iii-ain gas inlet leading into the coil adjacent its bottoni; a condensed liquid discharge pipe leading from the coil; a nozzle connected to a source of liquid for delivering the same into the gas in the coil to forni a mixture therewith; and a nozzle connected to a source of gas for injecting additional gas into the coil in the direction of an ascending convolution thereof.

l1. Al condenser comprising a coil; a main gas inlet pipe connected to the coil adjacent itsbottom; a condensed liquid discharge pipe leading from the top of the coil; a nozzle connected to a source `of liquid for delivering the saine into the gas in the coil to forin a mixture therewith; and a plurality of nozzles connected to a source'of gas for injecting additional gas into portions of izo the coil between the top and bottom thereof in the direction of ascending eonvolutions.

12. condenser comprising a plurality of coils; a main gas pipe connected to each of the C'oils; a nozzle for euch coil for delivering liquiol into the gas therein; a plurality of relay pipes connected to the main gas pipe; a nozzle connected to each, of said relay pipes :incl-extending into the inner portions of the coils respectively; a liquid take-off pipe; and pipes connectuig seid trike-oil' pipe with the liquid delivery nozzles.

In testimony whereof, I have. Signed my. naine to this specification, in the presence 15 of, tivo subscribing Witnesses.

PETER J. LEYENDECKER.

"Vitnesses: A

AUGUSTUS B. Corrns, lVM. A. BARR.

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