US1109192A

US1109192A - Internal-combustion engine.

Info

Publication number: US1109192A
Application number: US58573910A
Authority: US
Inventors: Gilbert Wright
Original assignee: General Electric Co
Current assignee: General Electric Co
Priority date: 1910-10-07
Filing date: 1910-10-07
Publication date: 1914-09-01
Anticipated expiration: 1931-09-01

Description

G. WBIGR l.

[NTERNAL COMBUSTION EWINF. APPLICATION YILED 0m 7 mo,

Patented Sept. 1. 1914.

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G. WRIGHT. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED OCT 7k 191% 1 ,1 09,1 92, Patented Sept. 1, 1914.

3 SHEETSW$HEIET 2.

Witnesses: Inventor:

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OOOOO Patented Sept. 1. 1914.

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Gilbjz/wright Inventor:

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G. WRIGHT. [NTERNAL COMBUSUON ENGINE APPLICATION FILED our 7 101m 0 K ww Witnesses:

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I To all whom it may concern Schenectady, county of Schenectady, State' UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GILBERT WRIGHT, OF SCHENECTADY, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO GENERAL COMPANY, A CORPORATION; 913' NEW YORK.

ELECTRIC Specification of Letters Patent.

- Patented Sept. 1, 1914.

Application filed October 7, 1910. -Seria.l No. 585,739.

Be it known that I, GILBERT WRIGHT, a citizen of the United States, residing at of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to gasolene engines of the twocycle type, and its object is to provide a, small, simple, reliable motor for driving a direct-connected electric generator of small capacity.

The machine has been especially designed to furnish current for the lamps of an automobile, though it is of course capable of use whenever' a small, low voltage current is needed. The engine has but a single power cylinder, and the charge is compressed for charging by an annular piston working in an annular cylinder concentric with the power cylinder.

* There are various novel features'relating 'to the carbureter, governor, and the like,

which will appear more fully in the following detailed description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which 1 Figure 1 is a side'elevation of the machine, Fig. 2 is a, longitudinal section of the same, on a larger scale; Fig. 3 is apross section. through the engine cylinder; Fig. 4 is a. transverse section of the carbureter;

. 5 is a. cross section of the'governor and circuit breakergrand Fig. 6 is a diagram of the electric circuits of an automobile eqgilpped with this invention.

e casing of the engine is cast in several par'ts which are fastened together by hinggfbolts so as to be readily separable.

Thus thepngine cylinder 1 with its water {acket 2 'and the inner shell 3 of the annuar charging cylinder are all in one casting, secured by two hinge bolts 4, on .opposite sides, to the top of the outer shell 5 of the charging cylinder, which is integral with the upper half Got the crank case. Hinge bolts-7 on opposite sides secure said upper half-to the lower half 8 of said crank case, while hinge bolts 9 on each side connect the crank case to the end {Shield 10 of the box-like frame 11 of the generator. On the other 'end shield 12 of said frame is a square hollow extension or casing 13 on which is supported the spark coil 14. All

the nuts 15 of the hinge bolts are checked -by springs 16 abutting between said nuts and washers 17 riveted to the ends of said bolts, making it impossiblefor said nuts to shake loose. I

The crank case extends beyond the cylinder shell 5 to give. room for the bearings 18 for the shaft 19. These are preferably ball bearin s, as shown, the outer ball rac' 20 being 0 amped between ribs 21 on the halves of the crank case. The shaft has three cranks, the middle one, 22, being con nected by the pivoted rod 24 to the power ones, 26, are set 180 degrees from the middle one and are connected by short pivoted ring, piston 28, which has a packed fit between the concentricshells 3 and 5.

,At one side of the cylinder 'is a chamber 29 into which the charge is compressed by the annular piston 28. One or more admission por'ts-3O connect this chamber; with the cylinder,- said ports being uncovered when the power piston is at the lower end of its stroke and the annular compressing piston is at the upper endof its stroke. The exhaust ports 31 are opposite the admission ports and communicate with the exhaust pipe 32. The exhaust ports are, as usual, uncovered when the piston reaches the end of its out stroke. A bafile plate or deflector 33 on the piston 25 deflects the entering charge away from said exhaust ports. The piston 25 is of the trunk type and-has ports 34 of large size which register with the ports and soconnect the interior of the crank case with the chamber 29 when the power piston is at the upper end of its stroke, so that the mixturein the crank case can enter said chamber, in which aslight vacuum hasbeen created by the downward movement of the annular piston 28.

The mixture enters the crank case through the overhung end of the crank shaft on which the rotor 35'of the gener ator is mounted; this portion of said shaft being. tubular. The rotor serves as a flywheel for the engine. '36 are formed in the cranks 26 extending obliquely outward, so that centrifugal force tends to throw the mixture out into the crank case, where it is still further intermingled by the churning action of the cranks and connecting rods.

piston 25 in the .cylinder 1, while the outea; v

rods 27 with the annular charge transferas j Delivery passages The carbureter is secured to the'under side 13 by a bottom plate 44. At the center of said plate is a screw-threaded hub 45 which screws into a tubular lug 46 depending from said extension 13. In said lug is a V-shaped passage 47 conununicating at one end with the interior of the generator frame, into whi'ch air can enter'freel'y through holes 48 in the end shield 10. The other end of the passage 47 opens into a circular removable door 49 which closes the end of the extension Y13 and has a radial passage provided with an opening 50 in line with the bore of the shaft. A duct 51 leads from, the float chamber up'through the hub 45 to the pas sage 47, being controlled by a needle valve 52 which can be adjusted by means of the handle 53. i

y A circular casing 54 is'secured upon and concentric with the end of the shaft 19. In the center of the end of this casing is a port 55 in line with the opening 50. A gasket 56 concentric with the opening and the port .is interposed between the casing and the door 49 to make a gas-tight joint; Inside of the casin there is, preferably "an automatic throttle valve or governor controlling the Eflow of mixture into the hollqw shaft 1.9. Fig. 5 shows such a valve, consisting of two shutters 57 pivoted to the casing at 58 and adapted to close over the port-55. Integral witheach shutter 'is'a weighted arm 59. A spring 60 connects said arms and tends to separate the shutters and' open the port. When the engin r1'1nning,'. centrifugal force tends 'to throw the weighted arms outwardly and close the shutters gradually until a uniform speed is attained. The spring can be attached to the arms at several different points in order to adjust the speed at which the throttling action takes place. i

The starting crank61 is arranged in the end of the crank case. It is preferably cons nected with the clutch by multiplying gearing, The spur Igear 62, in'whose hub. the crank is secured; meshes with-a-pinion 63 attached to a gearf'64 which meshes with pinion 65 turning loosely on the crank and carrying one half 66 of the clutch; the other half 67 thereof being secured to the engine shaft. A spring 68 keeps the clutch disengaged except at starting. The pinion ,63 and gear 64 are journaled on astud (39 in a holow leg 70 extending down from the crank. case to support the machine at that end. the

frame 11 of the generator supporting the other end. The pinions have long teeth to permit a sliding action whenthe crank is pushed in to "cause the halves of the clutch toengage.

The generator is preferably compound Wound, having a series coil 71and a shunt coil 72. The current is utilized to light lamps, which may be those of an automobile. Fig. 6 shows side lamps 73,

headlamps

74, 7 5, a dashboard lamp 76 and a tail lamp 77,; the last two being preferably invseries so that the dash lamp serves as a tell-tale for the tail lamp. -A shunt circuit 78 supplies current to the primary windin 79 of the spark coil 14. The shunt is preferably controlled by 'the switch which controls the lamps 76 and 77. The circuit breaker for this circuit is shown in Fig. 5 and comprises a spring lever 80 pivoted at 81 and carrying one of two contacts 82 controlling the circuit 78. A spring 83. biases these contacts apart, but they are closed at each revolution of the engine by a'cam 84 on the casing 54. The secondary winding 85' of the s ark coil is connected as usual to the sparkjp ug 86.

. In operation each down stroke of the an- I nular piston 28 produces a partialvacuum above it in the chamber 29; but when the piston .28 arrives at the lower end of its stroke and the powerpiston 25 is at the upper end of its stroke, and the charge in the cylinder 1 is compressed ready for igni: tion, the ports 34 re ister with the ports 30 so that a charge of the mixture can flow from the crank case into the annular charging cylinder. This action also sucks a further supplyof mixture through the tubular shaft 19 from the carburetor. As the, power piston 25 moves downward by the ex-' pansion of the ignited charge in the cylindcr l, the fresh charge in the ahnular charging' cylinder is compressed by the upward stroke of the piston 28; VVhen the pistons have reached the limits of their strokes, the charge is forced into the power cylinder 1, where it strikes the deflector 33 on the head of the power piston and flows upward, driving the burned gases out of the exhaust ports 3.1, which have been uncovered slightlybefore the inlet ports 30 to reduce the pressure and consequent temperature of the burned gases before admitting "the fresh charge. The next stroke of the pistons compresses the charge in the power cylinder; and at the proper instant the cam 84 closes andopens the contacts 82 and the charge is ignited; Owing to the cxactbalance of the, reciprocating p arts, this engine can-be'runiat high speed. It is designed to furnish a current of ten" amperes at a pressure of six volts wheh running at 1500 revolutions'per minute. If tungsten lamps are used,+this f it is ample for lighting an automobile. accordance with the patent statute it A 521 passage'in the shaft should be understood that I do not limit my invention to the particular mechanism illustrated and described, since various modifications thereof will suggest themselves to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of my invention, the scope of which is set forth in the annexed claims.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is-

1. An internal combustion engine having a power cylinder, an annular charging cylinder concentric therewith, pistons for the cylinders, a crank case, a crank shaft provided with opposed cranks therein, means for connecting the pistons to said cranks whereby the same move in opposite directions relatively to each other, means for supplying a charge to the crank case, means controlled by one of the pistons for supplying a charge from the crank case to the annular cylinder, and means for connecting the annular cylinder with the power cylinder.

2. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of a power cylinder, an annular charging cylinder concentric therewith, a tubular crank shaft provided with 0psed cranks connected to the power piston and the annular charging piston respectively and having passages from the interior opening into the crank case through the cranks, means for connecting the crank case with the charging cylinder, and a carbureter communicating with the open end of the shaft.

3. An internal combustion engine having a casing provided with a crank case or chamber and a second chamber adjacent to the first, a crank shaft arranged in the first chamber and having a portion extending through the second chamber, a driven member carried by said portion of the shaft,"a carbureter mounted on the casing beyond said member and its chamber, there being leading from its outer end to the crank case, and a connection between the carbureter and said passage.

4. An internal combustion enginehaving a casing provided with a crank case or chamber, a second chamber adjacent to the first and supporting members adjacent its ends, a crank shaft supported in bearings in the walls of the first chamber and having a portion 'extending through the second chamber, a driven member carried by said portion, a carbureter mounted on the casing beyond said member and its chamber, there being a passage in the shaft leading from its outer end to the crank case. a connectionbetween the carburetor and said passage, and starting mechanism mounted in the opposite end 0 the casing beyond the crank case.

5. In an internal combustion engine, the

pistons, a carburetor,

combination of a crank case, a cylinder that opens at one end into said case, a trunk piston, a second cylinder concentric with the first, an annular piston arranged in the space between the two cylinder walls, a carbureter, means for supplying an explosive mixture to the crank case from the carbureter, a port in the wall of the first cylinder that connects its interior with said annular space and is uncovered by the trunk piston near the end of its outer stroke, a port in the wall of the trunk iston that connects the crank case with sai annular space near the end of the inner stroke of the trunk piston, cranks on the shaft arranged at an angle to each other, and connecting rods between the cranks and the pistons.

6. The combination with an internal combustion en ine having a tubular overhung crank shat, of a driven member on the overhung portion of said shaft, a casing arranged beyond the driven member and surrounding the end of said shaft, a V-shaped passage in the bottom of said casing, and a float reservoir secured beneath said bottom and communicating with said passage.

7. The combination with an internal combustion en ine having a tubular overhung crank sha t, o a driven member on the overhung portion of said shaft, a casing arranged beyond the driven member and surrounding the end of said shaft, a V-shaped passage in the bottom of said casing, a float reservoir secured beneath said bottom and communicating with said passage, and a removable door for the end of said casing containing a passage communicating with said V-shaped passage and provided with an opening in line with said shaft.

8. The combination with an internal combustion en ine having a tubular overhung crank shaf t, of a driven member on the overhung portion of said shaft, a casing arranged beyond the driven member and surrounding the end of said shaft, a V-sha ed passage in the bottom of said casing, a oat reservoir secured beneath said bottom and communicating with said passage, a removable door for the end of said casingcontaining a passage communicating with said V- shaped passage and provided with an opening in line with said shaft, a second casing within the first that incloses the end of the shaft and has a port in line with said opening, a packed joint between said door and casing, and an automatic speed governor in said second casing controlling said port.

9. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of a tubular crank shaft, a cylinder, a trunk piston in the cylinder, a second cylinder concentric with the first, an annular piston arranged in the space between the two cylinder walls, cranks on said shaft arranged at an angle to each other, connecting rods between the cranks and the means for supplying an explosive mixture from the carburcter through the tubular crank shaft to the interior of the trunk connecting the interior to the space between the combination of a tubular crank shaft, a cylinder, a trunk piston in the cylinder, a second cylinder concentric with the first, an annular piston arranged in the space be tween the two cylinder walls, cranks on said shaft arranged at an angle to each other, connecting rods between the cranks and the pistons, a carbureter, means for supplying an explosive mixture from the carbureter through the tubular crank shaft tothe interior of the trunk piston, a port connecting the two cylinder spaces, and a port in the trunk piston which registers with the first named ort when said piston is at the inner end 0 its stroke.

11. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of a power cylinder, an annu lar charging cylinder concentric therewith, pistons for said cylinders, a tubular cranl: shaft having opposed cranks connected to the pistons, a crank case, said cranks having openings therethrough which connect piston, and means for of the trunk piston two cylinders when said piston is at the inner end of its stroke. 10. In an internal combustion engine, the I l the opening through the tubular crank shaft with the crank case, means controlled by one of the pistons for connecting the crank case with the charging Ilinder, means for connecting the charging cylinder with the power cylinder, and a, carburetor communicating with the open end of the shaft. 3 12. in an internal eomlmstion engine, the combination of a power cylimler, a piston therein an annular charging cylinder concertrir With the power cy ler, an annular l piston in the ch;rgini cylinder-r, a tubular l ssal't having opposed cranks. means con- I necling; the era to the pistons, a crank case. said cranks inning an opening there- Q through connv iingg; the opening through the tubular crank shaft to the crank case, means i r i l l l c ntrol led by the power piston for connectim: the crank use to the charging cylinder, means for connecting the charging cylnder to the power cylinder: and a carburcter for supp ying combustible to the opening through the crank shaft.

in witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this Slh day of October, 1910.

lVitnesses; I

IlELEN (harem), Tnoaus N. NooNAN.