US1108348A - Sewing-machine. - Google Patents

Description

M. DRUOKERMAN.

SEWING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 2Q, 1913.

Patented Aug. 25, 1914.

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M. DRUGKERMAN.

SEWING MACHINE APPLICATION FILED AUG. 26, 1913. 1,1 08,348. Patented Aug. 25, 1914,

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SEWING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 26, 1913.

1,]. 08,348. Patented Aug. 25, 1914.

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M. DRUCKERMAN.

$EWING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED mm. 26, 1913.

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SEWING MACHINE.

APPLIOATIOH FILED AUG. 26, 1913.

Patented Aug.25,1914.

THE NORRIS PETERS (Ill,PHOTO-1.17740. WASHINGTON. D. C.

MAX DRUOKERMAN, or BROOKLYN, new YORK.

SEWING-MAGHINE 1,108,348. ori i al application filed June 25,1913,

To all whom it may concern:

lle it known that I, MAX DnuoirnnMAN, a citizenot theUnited States, and a res1- dent of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Sew ing-ll/Iachines, ofwhich the following is a specification, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, which for-ma part of the same.

This apphcatmn is a .CllVlSlOIYOf my copending application for sewing machines filed June 25, 191.8, Ser. No. 77,669.. A

My invention relatesto sewmg machines and more particularly to an embroidery sewing machine having avertically and laterally movable needle and one adapted to make extremely long stitches, as well as short ones, and any intermediate length of: stitches between the maximum and mun I am aware. that there. are sewing mas-I chines having a vertically and laterally mov:

able needle making a zigzag stitch and I make no claim broadly to such machine. There are certain structural limitations to such machines which prevents them making an excessively long stitch;

I have obtained the most beautiful eifects in embroidery by greatly lengthening the stitch, over any length of stitch which can be made by any of the old forms oi sewing machines having a vertically and laterally For example, the maxi mum length of stitch for the ordinary old form of zigzag sewing machine is about movable needle.

seven-sixteenths of an inch; the stitch can then he graduated down to the minimum, by

varying the lateral throw of the needle bar 1 in the manner well known in this art.. By

. my invention I increase the maximum length otthe stitch to any desired length dependin u Jonthe size of the relative )arts of the machine... With the operating parts of the machine substantially the same size. as that of the ordlnary zigzag mach ne making the maximum length oft stitch of say about seven-sixteenths of an inch, I can make, by

my inventioma stitch an inch or one and a quarter inches long, and vary the length of the intermediate stitches in any suitable manner so as to produce beautiful embroidcry ctl'ects. This difference inthe length of the maximum stitches permits my embroidery machine to embrolder designs and pro- Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Aug, 25, 1914,

Serial No. 775,669, Divided and this application filed August 26, 1913. Serial No. 786,658.

duce effects which are wholly novel and which cannot be made by theordinary zigzag sewing machine having a comparatively short maximum stitch.

My present application relates moreparticularly to a. novel take-up mechanism which is preferably used with the other parts of the sewing machine described in this application so that relatively long per tions of thread may be played out to make excessively long stitches, andyet my takeup mechanism will automatically adjustit self to play cut short lengths of thread for short stitches. It is to be understood, howt ever, that my take-up mechanism maybe used with other mechanisms, if desired.

It further relates to certain details of c011- struction and combination of elements which i Q will be more fully hereinafter described in the specification and pointed out in the clalms. i i

In the accompanying drawings showing one illust 'ative embod ment of my invention and in which the same reference numerals refer to similar parts in the several figures, Figure l is a side elevation of my improved sewingmachine; Fig. 2 is an end elevation of the head and shuttle mechanism; Fig. 3 is an inverted plan viewof the sewing machinebed; Fig. dis a detail vertical section through a portion of the sow ing machine bed and showing the shuttle,

needle and accelerator in side elevation; Fig. 5 is a transverse vertical section substantially on the line 55 oi Figij l lookingin the direction of the arrows; Fig. 6 is a frag- .mentary plan view of the sewing machine head showing the take-up mechanism; Fig.

7 is an end elevation of the head, showing the take-up mechanism; Fig. 8 is a :lragmeir tary transverse vcrtical'section substantially on the line 88 of Fig. 1; Fig. 9 is a fragmentaryside elevation of the head andshuttle showing the needle beginning to make a stitch; Fig. 10 is a view similar to Fig. 9 showing the parts in the next step in the making of the stitch; Fig. 11 is a view siinilar to Figs. 9 and 10 showing the next step wherein the hook of the shuttle has caught the needle thread and begins to form the loop; Fig.- 12 is. a view similar to Fig. 11 showing the hook with the shuttle at substantiallya quarter revolution from that shown in Fig. 11 and with the take-up mechanism in the position at that part of the stitch. Figs. 9, 10, 11 and 12 show substantially one complete cycle of the parts in the formation of a stitch; 13 is a diagrammatic plan view of a fabric embellished with the excessively long stitches, as well as some short stitches, made by my improved embroidery sewing machine; Fig. 14 is a fragmentary plan view of the fabric such as is Fig. 13 showing one of the many forms of embroidery which may be made with the excessively long stitches contrasted or used in connection with the short stitches to obtain the most beautiful effects in embroidery; and Fig. 15 is an inverted plan View of the fabric showing the coeperation of needle thread loops and the substantially straight shuttle thread. Fig. 16 is a front elevation of a detailshowing a modification in which two needles are carried by the needle bar.

In the illustrative embodiments of my invention shown in the drawings, 1 is a sewing machine having ahead 2, a bed 3, a rocking arm 4 provided with a slot 5, in which slides the slide 6 to which is connected a pitman 7 the other end of which is connected with a sleeve Swithin which reciprocates the needle bar 9 carrying the needle 10.

The presser foot bar 11 carries the ordinary presser feet 12, 12 coeperating with the ordinaryfeed dogs 13, 13, Fig. 4. The presser foot bar is controlled by the ordinary release lever 14, Fig. 2, cooperating with the arm15 to lift the presser feet to release the goods. The sewing machine head is also preferably provided with an ordinary tension release lever 16 pivoted at 17 and operated by'the screw 01' pin 18 operating in the slot 19, and, when the presser foot lever 14 is raised, it serves to throw the end 20 of the lever 16 into contact with the ordinary spring tension member 21 and release the tension upon the needle threads 22 in an old and well understood manner.

The head is provided with the ordinary needle bar shaft 23, Fig. 1, having cranks 24,24 with which coiiperate pitmen 25, 25 connecting the main or needle bar shaft 23 to the main shuttle shaft 26 sothat the rotation of the needle bar shaft 23 by applying any suitable power to that shaft, as for example to the pulley 27, will cause the needle bar shaft and the main portion of the shuttle shaft 26 to operate in unison.

The needle bar shaft .43 is provided with the ordinary cam (not shown) to operate the rock arm 4in the usual and well known manner in this class of machines. On the end of the needle bar shaft 23 I provide a head 28 (Figs. 1 and 8) having a cam slot 29 to cotiperate with the main take-up 30, and preferably the same cam slot cooperates with the auxiliary take up 31 which is pivoted on the head of the sewing machine at 32 and extends out adjacent to the main take up 30. I connect a pitman 33 to the head 28 in any suitable manner, such as by the pin 34, the other end of the pitman being connected to the collar 35 fast to the needle bar 9.

On the head of the machine I pivot a sleeve. 36 on the arm 37 by means of the pin 38 so that the sleeve 36, and particularly the needle bar 9 with its needle 10, will swing in the same vertical plane in which the shuttle 39 rotates for a purpose which will be more fully hereinafter pointed out in detail. 1

Below the bed 3 is mounted in suitable brackets the shuttle shaft 26, previously noted, which, however, does notextend t0 the shuttle, being broken at some intermediate point as for example at 40, Fig. 3. Upon theshaft 26 I mount a gear 41 and upon a countershaft 42 I mount a similar gear 43,- the' relation of the gears being one to one. Upon the intermediate shuttle shaft 44 I mount the gear wheel 45 having it mesh witha larger gear wheel 46 upon the countershaft 42. The relation of the gear wheels 45 and 46 is preferably two to one, the shaft 44 being revolved twice to the one revolution of the countershaft 42.

Upon the end of the intermediate shuttle shaft 44 I mount an accelerator 49 which at a certain predetermined point of the revolution of the shuttle 39, will accelerate its movement so -that the 100 made by the needle thread 22 will be quic 1y thrown past the center 95, Fig. 11 of the shuttle to insure the loop never catching on the shuttle at a point directly beneath its axis of rotation 47; for example if this should occur the upward pull on the needle thread would tighten the loop 48 and cause the needle thread to break.

The accelerator 49, Figs. 3 and 4, consists preferably of adisk 50 mounted upon the intermediate shuttle shaft 44 to which is pivoted a link 51 by means of a pin 52. The other end 55 of'this link 51 is pivoted to an arm 53 carried by the accelerator shaft 54. The end 55 of the link 51 will be caused, in an obvious manner, to move to and from the axis of rotation of the shuttle shaft 44 so that during that-period of rotation of the shuttle shaft 44 and the end 55 of the link 51 when they are nearest the periphery of the disk 50, the-shaft 54 will becaused momentarily to move with greater speed than its normal rotation. The parts are soarranged that this increased speed of rotation of the shaft 54 occurs just as the needle loop 48 is about to reach a point 95, Fig. 11 directly beneath the axis of rotation 47 of the shuttle 39 so that the rotary movement of the shuttle 39 will be accelerated or speeded up momentarily until the loop 48 passes this critical point in its formation. This acceleration therefore occurs once on each revolution or the shuttle. The accelerator shaft 5% drives theshuttle 89 in any suitable manner preferably by means of the gear 57, idler 58 and the gear 59 nountedupon the shaft 60.

'lhe fork 61 and the cam 62 operating; it arein themselves old and cooperate withthe ordinary form of stitch controller shaft G3. The cam upon the shaft 26 and the fork till mounted upon the rock shaft 66 are of the ordinary construction to operate thefeed dogs 13, 13. In my machine they operate the feed dogs once to two revolutions of the shuttle. p My improved sewing machine shown in the drawings greatly increases the length of the stitch over and above that which can be llldt'lQdIY any zigzag sewing machine. prior to iny invention. A common expcdientin the ordinary iorin ot' Zigzag sewinginachine is to pivot a link or similar member on a vertical pivot on the head of the machine so that it would act as a guide orsleeve tor the needle bar 9, the needle bar being caused to move vertically and also laterally but in the arc of a circle, the center of which wouldbe the pivot connecting the link with the head. This is the ordinary form well known in the trade. .lfn such a machine tl'ieneedle bar andthe needle travel in the arc oi a horj'n rental circle while the hook or of the shuttle 39 rotates vertically at a tangent to that are. It is, therefore, obvious that only in a certain portion of that are so formed will the hoot: 67 of the shuttle 89 catch the needle im el-8 formed by the needle thread 522. it is, therefore, impossible to make a COl1lPlll'2ltively long stitch with such a machine in which the needle bar, equivalent to the bar 9, inovesin the arcof a circle while the hook (3? moves at a tangent to that are, for the reason that the hook would not catch the loops formed by the needle at the ends of; the are for the reason that in that position path of the 3 the loop would be out of the rotating heel: (S7.

in my implored sewing machine, I meant the needle bar 9 in any suitable manner, to swing in the same vertical plane in which rotates the shuttle 39. As previously ere plained l: accomplish this result by mountthe sleeve or guide 36 so that it will roving in a vertical plane over the rotating" shuttle 39 and will permit the oscillation of the needle bar 9 in the same vertical plane that the shuttle 39 rotates in. I am, therefore, enabled to greatly increase the length of the stitch formed by the machine, for the loop, wherever formed, will always be in the patl' of the hook 67 of the shuttle 39.

l l ith the parts of the machine the same size as in the old form in which the needle bar travels in the arc of a circle at a tangent to the shuttle, I can increase the length of the stitch from about; seven sinteenths, which is tltclr can be proper-tn nately increased. l have oltaarued excellent results 111 making embroidery by making; the length oi the maximum st]. ones ahoutqone inch long. I l l p The lateral throw oi? the needle bar 5) may be regulated by the contioller rod (38, the lever til), link 'l'l), lever 71, rock shaft T2 and. lever it connected to the link It by operat ing the. controller rod (38 in any suitable manner either automatically such as shown in my con ipanion application Serial. lilo. 736,130, iiled December 11, 1912, or by any ordinary knee lever (not shown). 3

Uinittinp; for the moment my improved take up do ice which is used to feed a large amount oi thread to to Kit the successively long stitches, and to per 1 stantchange from a lens; to a short so orvice versa without ai'iecting the successful glFetuling of the thread, the operation is as follows: Power being applied in anv suitable manner to the pulley'il', preferably iroin some source of electric or other source of power, the needle bar shart 23 is rotated which catmes the vertical reciprocation of the needle bar 9 by the link 33 being connectedto the head 98 and secured to the needl bar by the collar 35, the needle bar reci proca ti n *ertically finely throi'lgh the sleeves 2-36 andll. ltn addition to this vertical. 1113i protiaation the needle bar 9 is caused toinov'e ina straight line substantially at right angles to the horizonta l axis of the sluittle 3%) by the pitinan 7 and roe. .ing arin 4t, which is old in the art and its operation need not be here scribed in detail except to tate that the rocllln arni and its operating parts. in. tluimseli is, are no portion of my invention. it the same time that the needle bar shall; Pill is rotated, the shuttle shaft is operated by the pit- 1 nian E35, which, throug the .iueehanism previously deb h '1 .r is i e; ll) causi it to revolve at the same speed as the shalt 2b. The

gear wheels to and nice that to perniit the needle to lay down the tliread ilor uiy ively lone stitches th: t i is preil'eable to permit the scuttle with thehoel; ll? to rotate idly,.without catching a loop ell, every other rotation. This gives the needle time to form one loop l8 at one end of its travel ribed, transmits power lo the and the next loop 48 at the other extreme end of its travel, the hook GTbetween these two extreme movements of the needle, rotating once idly but every other time catching the loop LSonce at the end 75 of the slot 76 in the plate 77, Fig. 11, and on the second revolution of the shuttle 39 from' the position shown in Fig. 11 catching the loop 18 when the needle bar 9 and needle 10 have been reciprocated by the rocking arm 1 and connections from the extreme end 75 of the slot 76 to the other extreme end 78 of the same slot. Fig. 11 shows the loop being caught by the hook at one extreme movement of the needle bar 9, it being readily seen that when theneedle bar is depressed and forced into the other extreme end 78 of the slot 7 6, that the hook 67 will then also catch the loop, for th vertical and lateral reciprocation of the needle bar 9 and needle 10 is in the same vertical plane in which rotates the shuttle 37.

In Fig. 9 the hook 67 of the shuttle is rotating without cooperating with a loop. In Fig. 10 the needle is about to enter the cloth which it does in Fig. 11 forming the loop 48 which is then immediately caught by the hook 67 and carried around in the ordinary way until the loop is about to pass the point 95 when the accelerator mechanism, previously described, as well as a portion of the take up mechanism to be later described, will cause the loop to be quickly pulled past this point and clear the hook. The loops 48 so formed cooperate in the ordinary manner with the shuttle or looking thread 56. It will be noted in Figs. 9 to 12 and. more particularly in Fig. 15 that while my exceedingly long stitches 79 as well as the loops 80, appearing on the reverse of the fabric 81, take a great length of the needle thread 22, no greater length of shuttle thread 56 is required than on the old form of zigzag embroidery machine, or for that matter as much, for the reason that in my machine I preferably so arrange the parts that the shuttle or locking thread 56 extends substantially in a straight line which not only improves the looks of the reverse of the embroidered fabric 81, but also takes a shorter length of shuttle thread 56 thus saving the time of continually replacing the bobbin. or thread holder 82 either with a new bobbin or stopping to fill the old one.

My present invention is my improved take up mechanism used alone or in combination with the other elements of my embroidery sewing machine, which will feed the relatively large quantity of thread to the needle to make the stitches of maximum length without putting appreciable tension upon the thread, which has been worked into the fabric 81 which would pucker the goods, or in any manner marring the apsuch a take up mechanism as will automatically adjust itself to feed the thread for the longest stitches as well as for the shortest stitches, or any intermediate length stitches. I

I have shown by way of example one embodiment of my take up mechanism, though my invention is not to be limited to this particular form, but on the contrary is limited only by the terms of my claims This take up mechanism is shown more in detail in Figs. 2, 6, 7 and 9 to 12 inclusive. The needle thread 22 passes through an ordinary guide 83, tension devices 8%,21 and 85, then through the loop 86 of the coil spring take-up 87 mounted on the pin 88, thence through the ordinary take-up 30 thence under the rigid guide 90, thence through the auxiliary take-up 31 and'thence to the needle 10 preferably passing through any form of old rigid guide 92. Upon the auxiliary take up 31 I mount an arm 89 cooperating with a slot 91 in the plate 93 pivotallv mounted upon the pin 88. This plate 93 is provided with an arm 94 to cooperate with the loop 86 of the spring take up 87.

When the position of the parts are as shown in 9 the shuttle 39 is about to make one revolution without having its hook coiiperate with the needle thread. In this position, the auxiliary take up 31 has been raised to complete the stitch and draw the loop 18 taut on the reverse of the fabric 81 and at the same time raise the plate 93 so that its arm as will free the spring'take p loop 86 permitting it to exert a spring action upon the needle thread 22 to assist in throwing the loop, past the center 95, Fig. 11, of the shuttle 39. In this Fig. 9 the needle is about to make another of its maximum stitches, the needle thread 22 having been previously played out by the take up mechanism. In this position the auxiliary take up 31 is at its extreme raised position while the main take up 30 is in its extreme lower position. 011 the next movement of the parts the main take up 30 moves vertically at relatively high speed taking with it the needle thread 22 which, however, is caught by the fixed guide 90, this guide lying between the main take up 30 and the auxiliary take up 31. As this main take up passes the fixed guide 90 it pulls the needle thread 22 from the spool and through the tension devices 84, 21 and 85 with considerable speed so as to have suiiicient thread for the next stitch. My maximum stitches are so great that it is necessary to prevent the main take up 30 exerting any strain-or pressure upon that portion of the needle thread which is worked into the embroidered article 81. If this were not done the goods 81, as previously noted, would become puckered and ruined or the needle thread would be continually breaking. I, theretore, pacify the needle thread by arrang the auxiliary take up 31 so that it will .end slowly while the main take up is ascending quicldy. This permits the main take up 30 to pull quickly upon the about to be passed through the needle...

lly this arrangement the quick upward increment of the in am take up 30 feeds out sutllcient thread for the next stitch, the slight pull backward of the needle thread through the auxiliary take up being inapprcciablc and not being communicated to the goods. The needle thread 22 is then played out sutliciently tor the next stitch. ll igr. l0, and the main takeup 30 will then begin to descend leaving the needle thread slack as shown in Fig. 11. then enters the fabric 81 and forms the next loop t8, the shuttle 39 enlarging that loop as shown in Fig. 12. p While the shuttle 1s operating to enlarge the loop 48, the main take up 30 descends toward the presser feet so as to remove all tension from the needle thread 22 for such tension would prevent the shuttle successfully making; an enlarged loop 4-8. At the same time the auxiliary take up or pacifier 31 descends carrying withit the plate 98 with. its arm Set whichbears on the loop 86 of the spring take up 87 and prevents the spring take up exerting any tens on upon the needlethreadQQ duringthe initial st ge oi": makingthe loop. The needle then rises, while the shuttle 39 proceeds to. enlarge the loop 4:8, the parts being then sub-- stantially in the position shown in Fig. 12.,

When the loop e8 just passes the point 95, Fig, 11, directly beneath the longitudinal axis, oi he shuttle 89, the auxiliary take up 3 begins to rise which immediately releases the pressure of the arm 94L upon the loop 86 of the sprint; take up 87 so that this spring; take up will instantly exert a pull upon the loop 48 just as it isabout to pass the point and will pull the loop tree of the hook 67 so that it will cooperate with the shuttle thread 56 and term the thread loops on the reverse of the fabric 81, the loops being given a complete and final pull by the auxiliary take up 31. The parts then have made one complete cycle and are in position to have the main take up pull sullicient thread from the spool for the next stitch, and so on in the manner previously described at length.

In the operation of the take up mecha- The needle nisin so far described I have assumed that each stitch is of the maximum length which can be made by the machine. In embroidery, for which this take up mechanism is particularly adaptt-zd, it is necessary to fre quently change the length of stitch to obtain the most "beautiful. effects, either by contrusting the maximum length of stitches 79 with the minimum length of stitches 97 or by gradually tapering; the stitches from the maximum to the minimum to obtain the desired result. This requires that the take up mechanism can adjust itself instantly and automatically to the particular length of stitch which may for the moment he used.

If after making one or more stitches of maximum length it is desired to make a shorter stitchby operating the rock arm l in the manner previously described, it is obviousthat on the first short stitch, jumping :t'romthe maximum stitch, there will be a surplus of needle thread which has been previously played out by thoinain take up 30. This surplus taken up by the spring take up 8?. The spring take up 87, however, innncdiatcly permits the maximum stitch to be. made automatically by again moving the rock arm 4:, the take up mochanism automatically adjusting itself to the particular len th of stitch which may at the moment he made by the machine.

liavinp; tnus described this invention in connection with the illust 'ative embodiments thereof to the details or which I do not desire to be limited, what is claimed as new and what it isdesired to secure by Let ters Patent is set forth in the appended claims.

1. In a sewing machine, the combination of a support carried by the head of the mar chine, resilient means mounted on the support and adaptedto engagethe thread to take up any slack, a maintahc up, an auxiliary take up, and means partly carried by the support and partly by the auxiliary take up adapted to render the resilient means carried by the support inoperative.

2. In a sewing machine, the combination of a support car ied by the head oil the machine, a coil spring mounted upon the support and adapted to take up any slack, a main take up, an auxiliary take up, and means partly carried by the support and partly by the auxiliary take up adapted to render the coil spring talre up inoperative.

3. In a. sewing machine the ctnnbination oi a support upon the head. oil the machine, a coil spring motuited on the support and provided with means to engage and normally pull the thread, a main take up, an auxiliary take up, and means actuated by the auxiliary take up to render the coil spring inoperative.

4. In a sewing machine, the combination of a support upon the head of the machine,

a coil spr'ng mounted upon the support and provided with a loop to receive the thread, a main take up, an auxiliary take up, a fixed guide, a plate mounted on the support and provided with an arm to cooperate with the loop of the coil spring, and means carried by the auxiliary take up adapted to actuate the plate mounted on the support.

5. In a take up mechanism for a sewing machine, t 1e combination of a main pivoted take up, an auxiliary pivoted take up separately mounted adjacent to the main pivoted take up, a fixed thread guide mounted between the main and auxiliary take ups, and a resilient take up.

'6. In a take up mechanism for a sewing machine, the combination of a main pivoted take up, an auxiliary pivoted take up mounted adjacent to the main pivoted take up, means to move the main and auxiliary take ups in opposite directions, a fixed thread guide mounted between the main and auxiliary take ups, and a resilient take up.

7. In a take up mechanism for a sewing iachine, the combination of a main pivoted take up, an auxiliary pivoted take up mounted adjacent to the main pivoted take up, means to move the main and auxiliary talre ups in diiierent directions and at different speeds, a fixed thread guide mounted between the main and auxiliary take ups, and. a resilient take up.

8. In a take up mechanism for a sewing machine, the combination of a main pivoted take up, an auxiliary pivoted take up, means to operate them independently of each other, a fixed thread guide over which the thread passes between the main and auxiliary take the resilient take up inoperative during a portion of the movement of making a stitch.

9. In a take up mechanism for a sewing machine, the combination of a main. pivoted take up, an auxiliary pivoted take up, means to operate them independently of each other, a fixed thread guide over which the thread passes between the main and auxiliary take ups, av resilient take up, and means operated by the auxiliary take up to render the resilient take up inoperative during a portion of the movement of making a stitch.

10. The combination in a sewing machine using unwaxed thread of a take up mechanism always permitting the passage of the thread through the said talre up mechanism, including a main pivoted take up, an auxiliary pivoted take up, a fixed thread guide located between the main and auxiliary take ups, a resilient take up and means to render the resilient take up inoperative at a certain period of the stitching operation.

11. The combination in a sewing machine using unwaxed thread of a take up mechanism always permitting the passage of the thread through the said take up mechanism including a main pivoted take up, an auxiliary pivoted take up, a fixed thread guide located between the main and auxiliary take ups, a resilient take up and means operated by the auxiliary take up to render the resilient take up inoperative at a certain period of the stitching operation.

MAX DRUCKERMANQ lVitnesses ALAN M. JOHNSON, Rosn MENK.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner 0! Patents.

Washington, D. C."

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