US1108116A - Process for impregnating the filaments and mantles used in incandescent gas-lighting. - Google Patents

Description

G. BAGRAOHOW. rnocnss r011 mranum'rmo THE FILAMENTS AND mmnns USED IN INGANDESOENT GAS LIGHTING.

1 1 O8, 1 1 6 vAIILICIATION FILED JULY 13,1911. Patented 25,

FIELI (Uitnesses aim THE NORRIS PETERS CO. PHOTO-LITHO. WASHINGTON. D- L UNITED STATES PATENT oEEIoE.

GR-EGOIRE BAGR-ACHOW, OF PARIS, FRANCE.

PROCESS FOR IMPREG-NATING THE FILAMEN TS AND MANTLES USED IN INCAN- DESCENT GAS-LIGHTING.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 25, 1914.

Application filed July 13, 1911. Serial No. 638,301.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, GREoomE Baenaonow, a citizen of the French Republic, residing at 52 Rue Etienne Marcel, Paris, in the Department of Seine, Fran-cc, have invented a new and useful Improved Process for Impregnating the Filaments and Mantles Used in Incandescent Gas-Lighting, of which the following is a specification. I

The present invention relates to an improved process for the production of incandescent gas mantles, having a base of incombustible or refractory material, namely, metallic wire of the requisite infusibility. Many attempts have been made to produce such mantles on a base of platinum or the like wire, but hitherto without success, mainly owing to the fact that the Wire, being a good conductor of heat reduced the temperature of the flame surrounding the mantle and consequently diminished the incandescence thereof. Now the inventor has discovered that by employing a woven wire fabric composed of wire of from .001 to .003 centimeter in diameter this difliculty is overcome and the mantle produced on such a base is fully as luminous as a mantle on a base of cotton or ramie, while retaining the advantage of the greater strength of the non-combustible base. In order to coat effectively mantles of wire of such tenuity with a sufliciently thick layer of incandescence material, a special process has been invented by aid of which it becomes possible to coat even the finest mantle in the concentrated bath of salts without deforming it or causing the sides to collapse and adhere together. For this purpose an immersion bath is used formed of a solution of rare earths in alcohol, ether, etc., but particularly and preferably highly concentrated solutions having an alcohol base. The rare earths employed in the bath are those usually used (zirconium, etc.)

In order to carry out the present invention the bare filaments or mantles to be impregnated must be immersed in the ignited bath, the duration of the immersion'being regulated according to the thickness of the deposit of rare earths required. Being plunged beneath the surface of the flaming bath, the mantles when withdrawn pass through the flame and the deposit of rare earths is incidentally dried upon the surface of the mantle as it emerges from the bath.

By this means the mantles keep their shape, which is of special importance with mantles formed of very thin metallic threads; and these metallic threads are covered by a layer of rare earths of a greater or less thickness; this layer of rare earths is thereby incorporated and adheres firmly to the metallic thread.

The process may be easily carried out. It is possible for example to treat a row of mantles simultaneously by using an appropriate vessel as shown on the drawing in which- Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of a Vessel arranged for coating a row of mantles. Fig. 2 is a side View partially in section of the vessel shown in Fig. 1.

The vessel a contains a concentrated solution of rare earths in alcohol. This vessel can be formed, with a sliding lid 7). Notched side brackets 0 (Z are arranged to support a bar f on which are hung the mantles g, for example mantles formed of platinum or nickel threads. When the bar 7 is supported high up on the brackets the mantles g hang freely above the bath and when the bar is hung on a lower notch on the brackets the mantles are immersed in the bath. The bath is preferably composed as follows: Alcohol of 90% strength 100 gr., nitrate of thorium 50 gr., nitrate of cerium 5 gr., nitrate of beryllium or glucinium 1 gr., nitrate of zirconium 0.1 gr.

The mantles to be treated being arranged on the bar above the bath the lid is withdrawn and the alcohol set alight for the purpose of slightly pre-heating the mantles. Then these are immersed in the flaming alcohol. The longer the mantles are left in the flaming bath the greater is the deposit of rare earths. The mantles are then withdrawn and held above a row of Bunsen burners for the purpose of burning of! any remaining liquid. In order to put out the flaming bath of alcohol it is only necessary to push in the lid inclosing it. A further important technical effect arises from the use of the flaming alcohol bath: At the moment when the mantle is withdrawn from the flaming bath, the flame arising from the bath heats the mantle successively through out its entire length, before it comes into contact with the air. This flame therefore acts as a drying flame, andprevents any downflow of moisture throughout the, aim-- tle. The dry mantle can accordingly be easily transported over a Bunsen burner to calcine it, or to further dry it, and drive 01? completely all trace of alcohol which might still adhere to it. Finally, I am aware that it has been proposed to heat metallic mantles, before or during dipping in the alcoholic bath preferably by means of an electric current; butthis method is inapplicable to the very fine wire mantles for the treatment of which my process is designed,

lVhat I claim is:

1. Improved process for coating with an incandescence layer woven mantles composed of metallic wire of thickness not materially exceeding three hundredths of a millimeter which consists in preparing a bathof the rare earths in a combustible woven wire mantle in said bath and-withdrawing it from the flaming bath in a heated state.

2. Improved process for coating with an incandescence layer woven mantles composed of metallic wire of thickness not materially exceeding three hundredths of a millimeter which consists in preparing a bath of the rare earths in a combustible liquid, igniting the said bath, dipping the woven wire mantle in said bath and withdrawing it from the flaming bath in a heated state and completing the drying and calcining over a flame.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

GREGOIRE BAGRACHON.

Witnesses PAUL CA UET,

Copies 01 this patent may be obtained for. five'cents each,-by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, i D. t G.

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