US110454A - Jacob graves - Google Patents

Description

'J. 8v H. GRAVES.

INGUBATOR.

No. 110,454. Patented Deo. 27, 1870'.

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fnTnNr QFFICE.

IMPROVEMENT EN lNCUBATORS.

Speclilcuti'onforming part of Letters Patent No. 110,454, datedv December- 27, 18;.70.

We, JACOB GRAVES, of Reading, Massachu? setts, and HENRY GRAVES, ot' Boston, in the county of Suli'clk and State of lilassacliusetts, have invented certain Improvements in Inculisters, of which theollowing is a'spcciiiczi-l ion:- 1 'Figure l is a perspective View of a portion of an incnbatorcas'e, showing theventilating and heat-regulating devices. Fig. 2 is a transverse vertical section of Fig. 1.V Figs. 3 and 4 nre viewsA in detail of the heat-regulatin g 'device, and Fig'. 5 is a sectional view of anartiiicial mother or protector. l

The 'object of this inventionis to maintain u certain definite degree of temperature in incnbators heated by water; `and it consists, mainly, of ltwo horizontalglass tubes, closed at one end, containing alcohol, and located under thehotwate tank, each tulle commu-A nicating with a -`vertical cylinder filled with mercury, one at each end of the incubator, in which cylinders are corkl pistons or floats hav- I in g rods attached' to pivoted levers, which are scfconnected with regulators on the heating.

lamps and Ventilating-valves communicating with the incubating-'chamber that the rising of t said iloats or pistons beyond Aa. certain point by the expansion of the alcohol will act to' check; the dames of' the lainps and open the ventilatingvalves, thus decreasing the' temperature of the air and water, while the depression ofsaid oats, in consequence of the contraction of the alcohol, willproduce an opposte effect and heighten the temperature, the

parts being so arranged as not ,to be aiected by the medium temperature at which the incubator is to be kept. but only by higheror lower degrees.

' In the drawing, A represents the incubator,

which is divided in to. several compartments,

as shown in Figa-2, viz., the cold-water tank B, incubating-space 0, hot-water tank D, protecting or heat-retaining space E,and dryinglctl The arrangement of these parts coiistitutes no portion of our invention; they are given to illustrate the nature and operation of theimproveinent, The ends of the incubator ure provided with .lamps G-,whioh heat the water inlreservoirs H. 'lhese latter communicate, through. tubes'I 1, with the hot-water .tank l). J is a reservoir, which supplies oil 'to thelamps. K K represent glass tubes un der tank D, fand in contact with the bottoni thereof. Said tube-s arelilled with alcohol-or other expausile tluid, and communicate attlieir outer ends, through the bent tubes L, with the -cylinders M, which contain mercury. N represents a piston-rod, attached toa cork piston or dont', N', iu the Lcylinder M. The' upper' endE of rod N is attached to au arm or' lever, 0, which is pivoted at one end and swings-freely at t-lie othei.` P represents' a valve, :which communicates with the in c'ubating-space G,-

'and is connected, by wires R, with the free end' cflev'er O.' ,Sa-id 'wires are not rigidly connected -with valve P, but have a' sliding atfl tachnient. S represents the lamp-burner, which is provided with the tube S', which is beveled oil' at one side, as shown. T is a guard or regulater, which is journaledpou shaft@ beside the e spiral spring "V, to thedevice is arranged to remain inoperative; but V whenv thewater in tank D becomes'heated above this point the` epausion'of the alcohol int-ribes K causes the cork oat or pistoni-N to elevate the rod N and lever 0, which latter,

being connected to valve P'by wire R, and to regulator T by spring Y, opens valve VI and causes regulator@ to'close over the beeled iside of tube S', thereby lowering the llame in promt-ion to the nearness it approaches the tube-1 When tlievalve Pis opened ,cold air rushes up through tube W and out 'through said valve,v thusfccolng the space C, while, the dame of thelamps being diminished, the teniperature ofthe Water in tank D will fagl until` themedium of 102 is reached, when t l1e'nlco hol in tubes Kwill contract far enough to lo r;

the lever valve P, and regulator T to' their former positions.

It is to be borne in mind that `the opposite end of the inachine has a similar'errangement to that shown in Fig. 1, with which one of the -tubes K connects, the whole opera-ting in con-` s. The wires n are .tot rigidly cached to" valve .P, ns above' mentioned, but slidethrou gli,

2 menen n staple or orifice in the came, to the cnn 'ahnt the lever O may have free play when' the valve is'closed or opened to its utmost extent. A sixiiilar result is obizaiiied. by the nee of the spring V, which permite the. lever to rice after the regulator has closed over the tube to its ntinostextcnt. The regulator and tube ere eo m-ranged, however, that the Jdame cannon` be entirely extinguished by the operation def scribed, while the ame icgraduated from e full blaze to e very faint one. v

Fig. 5 shows en artificial mof :her. or pro- 4hector for the chickens after hatching. l It con-v sists of an inclined tank, a., lled with warm water, and provided on its under ,side with a lining of sheepskin or other soil: materiell,I b, and having'an open space, c, covered with n 'glaesroo d. This device ie wax-meti and :its

temperature regulered by the abovefdvescribed apparatus for regulating the temperature of the incubator.

It iis well known that the greet diiculty in artificial hatching. is thab'of maintaining e regular temperature,.particularly in so varia ble n clixnate' nas in the Northern States. The

di'erences of tempera-ture. between clay and' 'night here to be carefully provided for, and

constant; reference must be had to'thermonietere. Thiediculty has heretofore beenV a great obstacle in the way zof the artificial hatching of chickens. 1

' By our invention, however, we obtain a conotnnb and even. temperature at all times, pro- 'as set forth.

video, or' course, that the lamps' erecep'eble of producing :sufficient henti'or elbexigenciee. 'Ha-ving: than fully describecllonn invention, what We claimen new, :incl` desire to. secure by Lettere me-nt, isil. The burner S'p'rovidecl with .the beveledi unbe S and regulator IT, as and for the purpese sel', forth. i

2.. En combi'aetionwith the burner S, oon.-

slzrncize. es fleefribcd, the cylinder M., cori: y

rioni", N", tube' K, rod '.iil', lever epring V, and .crank U, arranged .nml opere-.ted substantially ne described.

'3. 1n combination wthbnrner S, cylinder M, cork float or piston N', tube K, rod. N, lever O, sprinV, end crank U,ti1 e valve P- and wires R, enbetanigially ne set fortl1.

4; In combina-tion with burner S, cylinder M, cork float or piston N', inbox, rod N,lever 0, spring V, crank U, and valve 2P, the coldair tube W, substantially as sei; forth..

5. The combination ci' the artificiel mother,

shown in Fig. 5, with burner .53, cylinder M,

cork iioat or piston N', -tnhc K rod N, lever 0, epringvV, crank U, and valve l, substantially In testimony whereof We have signed our names to this specifica-tionin the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

JACOB GRAVES.

Witneneee: l HENRY GRAVES.

' CARROLL D. WRIGHT,

Gamer-,ns F.. BROWN-

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