US1103613A - Elevator. - Google Patents

Description

M. E. NEENAN.

ELEVATOR. APPLICATION TILED APR.1, 1907. RENEWED MAY, 29, 1913.

Patented July 14, 1914.

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r orrrc MICHAEL E. NEENAN, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNGR TO NEENAN ELEVATOR COMPANY, OF NEVV' YORK, N. Y.,

A CQBPORATION NEW YORK.

ELEVATOR.

Specification of Letters Ia'cent.

Patented July 14-, 1914.

Griginal application filed November 22, 1905, Serial No. 288,560}. Divided and this application filed April 1, 1997, Serial No. 365,705. Renewed May 29, 1913. Serial No. 770,790.

To all whom it may concern:

lle it lrnown that 1, MICHAEL E. NEENAN, risen of the United States, residing in New York city, in the county of New York 5 and State of New York, have invented a new and seful improvement in Elevators, of which the following is a specification.

invention relates to frictionah drivapparatus for elevators and is a diviof my co-pending application, Serial filed Nov. 22, 1905, elevators; its objects is the provision of """ile and cllicient means for preventing pping between the driving apparatus and power-trans tting means. ll or objects of the invention will appear after, the novel combinations of elebeing pointed out in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents in elevation and more or less diagrammatically a traction elevator system embodying my invention; Fig. 2 is an elcvational diagrammatic view of a modification; and Fig. 3 is a fragmentary elevational view to show a plurality of hoisting ropes.

My invention comprises an arrangement whereby the tension throughout the powertransmitting means, driving ropes or hoisting cables is regulated by the load suspended therefrom. By my invention weights as used heretofore to apply tension to the ropes or cables may be dispensed with if desired, and slipping of the frictional driving mechanism due to change of load, as increase oi": load or sudden stoppage of the car, is reduced to a minimum or rendered substantially impossible. To this end the ropes and sheaves are so disposed, and the car so suspended therefrom, that while the weight of the car holds in tension its directsuspension and hoisting ropes, it also holds in tension the opposite leads of the ropes winding respectively on and oil the driving sheave and takes up the slack in said leads, and applies greater tension thereto when the load on the car causes increased tension on its direct suspension or hoisting ropes.

Referring to Fig. 1, it will be seen that a simple arrangement is. illustrated in which the power-transmission means or driving cable or cables are also the suspension cable or cables. One end of this cable is connected. to the top of the car 11 and extends upwardly over the sheave 13 which may be mounted on the fixed overhead beam 5; thence down around the sheave 41 mounted on the top of the car counterweight 36, thus ailording a variable connection between the counterweight and the upper section of the driving cable; thence up and over the sheave 13 which also may be mounted on the overhead beam 5; thence down to and around the lower side of the driving drum or sheave 14; and finally up to the bottom of the counterweight 36 to which the other end of the driving cable is connected, in this instance, secured or fastened. Any suitable motor may be used to rotate the sheave 14, as a hydraulic motor, a steam motor, an alternating current or a direct current motor, etc, but in this instance, by Way of illustration merely, l have shown an electric motor M. Any desired motor-controlling apparatus may be employed, and for the sake of simplicity I have shown an electric switch 1 in the car for controlling the actuating mechanism 8 for the reversing switch 2 which controls the direction of current to the motor terminals 4 from the positive and negative mains.

In the arrangement shown in Fig. 1 it will be apparent that the travel in either direction of that portion of the rope 12 between the drum or sheave 14 and the bottom of the counterweight 36 is compensated by the travel of that portion between the sheave 13 and the top of the counterweight, so that movement of the counterweight down or up imparted by rotation of the motor sheave is communicated with equal motion in lift ing or lowering the car. It will also be seen that the weight of the car acting through the medium of the sheave 41, necessarily exerts an upward draft on the hoisting or driving rope attached to the bottom of the counterweight equal to twice the weight of the car, less that of the counterweight, and the draft on the opposite lead of the rope extending from the driving sheave equal to the weight of the car, so as to take up slack and apply tension to both leads of the rope. The consequent adhesion between the rope and the driving sheave is therefore regulated by the load in the car. That is, the

effect'of the sheave 41 is to double the upward pull on the rope below the counter weight, or, in other words, to produce a 2:1 draft on said rope while a 1:1 draft is produced on the opposite lead extending from the driving sheave. The counterweight partially counteracts the upward draft on the lead connected directly thereto, and thus tends to equalize the tension in the leads 6X- tending from both sides of the sheave. The

more nearly equal the tensions in these leads are, the less the tendency for the ropes to slip on the driving sheave. This arrangement, therefore, affords a' simple means for causing the weight of the car to graduate I tension is in direct proportion to changes of load.

Fig. 2 shows a motion-reducing gear of three-to-one referring to the reduction of motion between the section of the rope on the face of the driving sheave and that-portion connected to the car. With a structure on the principle illustrated in Fig. 2, this can be carried out to any extent desired, for instance, where the reduction is represented by an odd num ber, such as three-to-one, five-to-one, and so on. In this modification the frame of the counterweight 36 carries two sheaves 41 and 41 above the counterweight and the sheave 43 below the same. The rope 12 extends from the car 11 upwardly over the overhead sheaves 13, down around the sheave 41, up over the sheave 42, down beneath the sheave 41, up over the stationary sheave 4%, down beneath the drive sheave 14, up over the drive sheave 14, down around the sheave 14 again, up over the sheave 43, down around the stationary sheave 44, and up to the counterweight where the end of the rope is secured. In this instance the motor shaft 6 carries friction disks or rollers which are in frictional engagement with the frictional disks or rollers connected to the sheaves 14 and 14. This arrangement, however, may be replaced by a single drive pulley mounted on the motor shaft, as in Fig. 1.

in the arrangement shown in Fig. 2, the upward pull on the counterweight 36 is the sum of the combined upward pulls or tensions on the four'leads of the rope 12 extending from the sheaves 41 and 41. As the tension on each of these leads is equal to the weight of the car, the total upward pull is equal to four times the weight of the car. This is balanced by the counterweight and the tension distributed among the three leads extending downwardly from the counterweight. It will thus be seen that the tension on the rope leading from the drive sheave 14 to the pulley 43 will vary with the load in the car, as will also the tension in the rope leading from the drive sheave 14 to the sheave 42 The change of tension in the leads from the opposite sides of the drive sheave is in direct proportion to changes in the load in this arrangement as well as in that of Fig, 1. weight, with its connected sheaves, forms a take-up device, as it takes up the ropes between the car and drive sheave while the car is being lifted and rope being paid out from the drive sheave toward the car, and also takes up the ropebeing paid out'between the drive sheave and the sheave 43 while the car is being lowered. It also forms a give-and-take connection between the lead extending from the carand the leads extending from the drive sheave 14.

; It should be noted. that in both Figs. 1 and 2 there is but a single or continuous rope or ropes inthe whole system, one end being connected to the car and the other end to the bottom of the counterweight. Heretofore in frictionaldriving elevator mechanism, the weight of the tension devices was fixed according to the maximum load the elevator was built to carry, hence it will be clearly apparentthat the weight of the tension device above that required by the various loads is detrimental, causing a loss of power and increased wear on the mechanism, and consequent reduction in the life of the same; whereas, my invention achieves the ideal results in frictional elevator machinery of causing the tension on the ropes on both'sides of the driving sheave or sheaves to increase or, decrease automatically according to the load. 4

Obviously my invention may be used with one or any desirable number of hoisting ropes or cables. In passenger elevator sys- The countertems the hoisting ropes are usually placed in gangs for additional security, as indicated in Fig. 3.'

Obviously those skilled in the art may make various changes in the details and arrangement of parts without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention, and

I desire, therefore, not to be limited to the precise construction herein disclosed.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new,is: p 1. The combination with frictional driving apparatus, of flexible power-transmitting means driven thereby, aload-carrying device connected tosaid means, and a counterweight and sheave connection between the I opposite leads of said means winding respectively on and off the driving apparatus, to effect tension on all the leads changing with the load.

2. The combination of frictional driving apparatus, flexible power-transmitting means driven thereby, a load-carrying device, and a counterweight for said loadcarrying device, said counterweight being connected between the load-carrying cevice and all the leads of said flexible means winding respectively on and off the driving apparatus to effect tension on all the leads changing with the load.

3. The combination with frictional driving apparatus, of a load-carrying device, flexible power-transmitting means, a counterweight for said load-carrying device, said power-transmitting means being connected to the car at one end and to the counterweight at the other end, and in frictional contact with said driving apparatus at intermediate portions, and a connection between said counterweight and other intermediate portions of said power-transmitting means to effect a variation in the tension of all the leads of said power-transmitting means in a predetermined ratio to the weight of the load.

4;. The combination with frictional driving apparatus, of flexible power-transmitting means driven thereby, a load-carrying device connected to said flexible means, and a counterbalance connected between the load-carrying device and the opposite leads of said flexible means, to effect the application of tension changing with the load and in a predetermined ratio to the weight of the load to all the said leads winding respectively on and off the driving apparatus.

5. In an elevator, the combination with a car, of frictional driving means, powertransmitting means, and means separate from the car and connected between the car and the opposite leads of said power-transmitting means to vary the tension in the said leads when the load varies.

(5. In an elevator, the combination with frictional driving apparatus, of a loadcarrying device, flexible ropes or cables connecting said load-carrying device to the driving apparatus, and means separate from the load-carrying device and connected between the loadcarrying device and the opposite leads of the cables winding respectively on and off the driving apparatus which automatically effects a variation in the tension on all the leads of said ropes in a predetermined direct ratio to the variation of load.

7. The combination with frictional driving apparatus, of flexible power-transmitting means driven thereby, a load-carrying device, anda take-up device separate from the load-carrying device and having a fixed connection to one lead and a variable connection between the load-carrying device and the other lead winding on and off the driving apparatus.

8. The combination with frictional driving apparatus, of ropes driven thereby, a load-carrying device connected to said ropes, and a give-and-take connection separate from the load carrying device and between the lead to the load-carrying device and the opposite leads winding respectively on and off the driving apparatus, whereby tension on all the leads of the ropes changes with the load,

9. In a friction driving elevator mechanism, the combination with a load-carrying device, a frictional driving apparatus, flexible power-transmitting means looped around the driving apparatus and driven thereby, and means separate from the load-carrying device and between the latter and the opposite leads of the driven flexible power-trans"- mitting means whereby the weight of the car and its load holds tight all the said leads winding respectively on and off the driving apparatus, and the tension on said leads changes with the load.

10. In a frictional driving elevator mechanism, the combination of a car, a frictional driving drum, a hoisting rope looped around the drum and connected to the car, and a rope take-up device separate from the car and connected between the car and the opposite leads of the rope winding on and off the frictional driving drum whereby tension changing with the load and in a predetermined ratio thereto, is applied to the said leads in the operation of the elevator.

1L In a friction driving elevator mechanism, the combination of a car, a hoisting rope connected at one end to the car, a driving device with which said rope makes frictional contact, a rope take-up device to which the other end of the rope is connected, said take-up device being separate from the car and having a running connection with the opposite leads of the rope extending from the driving device.

12. A friction driving elevator mechanism comprising a car, a driving drum, a rope in frictional engagement therewith and extending to the car to afford a suspension therefor, and a rope take-up device connected intermediately between the car and the opposite leads of the ropes extending from the driving drum to cause the weight of the car and its lead to apply tension to all the leads of the ropes winding on and 0d the drum.

13. In a friction driving elevator mechanism, the combination of a car, a driving drum, combined suspension and driving ropes driven by said drum, a car-counterweight connected to the lower sections of said ropes, and a sheave mounted on the top of said counterweight and associated with inof a tension slack rope take-up device associated with said ropes and suspended between the car and the opposite leads extending from the driving drum to affect the application of variable tension and pressure to the ropes and the frictional driving mechanism graduated by the load on the car.

15. In a frictional driving elevator mechanism, the combination with a car, of a suspension rope, a frictional driving drum in frictional engagement with said suspension rope, a car counterweight connected to the lower section of said rope, and a sheave connectedjto said counterweight and coacting therewith and with an intermediate portion of said rope to affect the application of variable tension to both leads or portions of the rope extending from the driving drum.

16. The combination with frictional rope driving apparatus, of flexible power-transmitting means driven thereby, a load-carrying device connected to one end of said powertransmitting means, a counterbalance connected to the other end of said power-transmitting means, and a rotatable device con.-

nectedto said counterbalance and co-acting therewith and with said power-transmitting means to change the tension in the leads winding on and ofif the driving apparatus when the load changes.

17. In an elevator, the combination with frictional driving apparatus, of a load-car- V rying device, flexible ropes or cables connect ing'said load-carrying device with the driv-' ing apparatus, and a single take-up device movable with the lower sections of said ropes or cables and associated with loops in intermediate portions of said ropes or cables to affect the tension of the leads on said driving apparatus when the load varies.

18. In an elevator, the combination with frictional rope driving apparatus, of a loadcarrying device, power-transmission means comprising flexible ropes or cables associated with said driving apparatus and connected to the load-carrying device, a weight connected to said power-transmission means, and a rotatable device carried by said weight and connected to a loop, in an intermediate portion of said power-transmission means.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

MICHAEL E. NEENAN.

Witnesses I CnAs. M. Nissan, ERNEST L. GALE, Jr.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addrcssing'the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. C.

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