US1102234A - Electromagnetic telegraph. - Google Patents

Description

D. M. BLISS. 4 BLECTROMAGNETIC TBLBGRAPH.

I, APPLICATION IILED JULY 2, 1909.

1,102,234, l, PateptedJulymsm,

invento-z,

ono ld M. HSS

'mitted from the sending station to there f mature are connected to suitable indicating maas Partnr oiariioEl DONALD M. BLISS, yOF STA'MFORD, CONNECTICUT, 4.ASSIGINOR OF T WO-FIFTHS TO CHARLES J. HENSGHEL, OF 'NEW YORK, F BROOKLYN, 'NEW YORK.

N. Y.,All.\lllD` ON,E-FIFTH TO FRANK W. WOOD,

ELECTROMAGNETIC TELEGRAPH..

1,102,234. Specification of Letters Patent. Patented July 7, 1914.

Application filed July 2, 1.9()9.; SeriaLNo. 505,776.

To all whom t may concern Be it known that I, DONALD. Mf BLISS, a citizen of the Dominion of Canada, residing at Stamford, in the county of Fairfield and State of Connecticut, haveinvented new and useful Improvements in Electromagnetic Telegraphs, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to `that class of elec-` tromagnetic telegraphs-which are commonly used on shipboard and at other places where` it is desired that a number of successive indications, whichA may or may not differ in' character, are desired to be transmitted from one point to another.. Many such devices have been designed and many have proven practical. A Agreat number of these, however, are somewhat complicated and are made' up of a number of partswhich are ex pensive to manufacture, difficult to assemble, or to adjust, and when adjusted are not easily kept in adjustment.`

The prime object of my invention is tor produce a device for the transmission of intelligences which is exceedingly simple, consists of but few elementary parts, is easy to adjust, and is as durable as service requires.

'lhe device which I have produced is read ily adjusted, and when adjusted to transmit the proper intelligences remains as adjusted until that adjustment is changed by the operator. In other words, the adjustment is permanent, and signals can be thus trans ceiving station in absolutely correct and accurate manner. i

In carrying out my invention I make use of a source o't' alternating current of constant potential to setup an alternating current magnetic field of substantially constant intensity. In this field thus set up I mount an armature, so that its angular, position with respect to the magnetic field can be changed at will. The terminals ot this arinstruments in such a manner that as the angular position of the armature is varied, the extent o'tf variation is shown by the indi eating instrun'ients. I place the magnetic field with the rotatable armature at a sending station and the indicating instruments at a receivingstation, and by varying the angular position or' the armature with rcspect to the field in which it is placed transinit lintelligences from the one point to the other.

For a full understanding of my invention, reference is to be had to the yaccompanying sheet of drawing `which shows diagrammatieally. the sending and receiving apparatus together with the interconnecting circuits.

` 1 is a U-shapedmagnetic core on the yoke of .whichis mounted an energizing coil 2. supplied with lalternating current at substantially yconstant potential from the generatorB. The poles ofy this magnetic core are y bored out on the arc of a circle in order to accommodate the armature 4, which is suitably mounted and adapted to be rotated between them. This arm'ature consists of a core 5 which is longitudinally slotted or .otherwise cut to receive a coil G, and is provided with a thumb piece 7, whereby it may be turned at will. Suitably mounted on the armature if are two semi-circular contact strips 8 and 9, which are concentric with the armature and extend through an are oi 180 degrees from a diameter passing axially of the coil G. A pair of brushes or fixed contarts/1() are so mounted as to bear on these contact strips and on a line approximately eonnecting'the renters of the poles of the magnet 1. Diaxietrically opposite the pair of fixed contacis or brushes 10 is a second pair of fixed contacts or brushes l1 adapted to contact with the strips S and 9 when the armature 4l has been turned through 90 degrees. A, pointer 12 moving over a scale 13 is attached tothe armature in such a manner that as the armature is turned its angular position is indicated upon the scale.

The device thus tar described constitutes the transmitting device which is located. at the sending station.

Connected one to each set of brushes 10 and i1 1 are two alternating current indicating instruments 14. and 15, which are shown as mounted upon a common base with their pointers toward each other and moving over a common scale plate. -Thesc two instruments constitutey together the receiving device and are located at the receiving station.

- scales of the receiving instruments 14 and 15 are also graduated to indicate from zero to one hundred. The scale of instrument 14 indicates from zero to fifty, and the scale of instrument 15 indicates from fifty to one hundred in the reverse direction. The pointer 12 of the transmitting instrument is so located with respect to the armature coil '6 that it points to zero on the scale when the axis of the coil 6 is at right angles to the magnetic iield produced by the'coil 2 and f core 1.` The parts being in the position shown, and it being'desired to cause the reA ceiving instrument to indicate 2() for instance, the thumb piece 7 is grasped and the armature 4 turned'with its coil `6 inthe magnetic field until the pointer` 12 reaches 20. J In the position shown the axis of coil 6 being at right angles to the magnetic eld nocurrent will be generated within it. But the moment its coil is, turned so that its axis is at an angle less than a right angle with the magnetic field, current is generated in thiscoil, and the current generated is proportional approximately, and can be made by suitable proportioningand placing of the winding or by suitable forming the poles of core 1 absolutely proportional. 'Ihe current thus produced passes out through brushes 10'and over wires connected to themV to instrument 14, which will indicate 2O on its scale. In case it is desired that -the receiving instrument indicate 80, the armature 4 is turned to the right until the pointer 12 indicates 80, when the pointer of instrument l5 will indicate 80, for it will be observed that as the pointer 12 passes the mid-point of its scale 13, e'. e., passes A onthatscale, the contact strips 8 and 9 have come into engagement with the brushes 11, which are connected to instrument 15. Just at the moment of passage over the 50 indication, or the midpoint of the scale, both instruments .14 and 15, read 50,.as both sets of brushes 10 and 11 are in Contact with the strips 8 and 9 and the electro-motive force and hence the current generated in the coils 6 is at a maximum, the axis of the coil being parallel to the line connecting the mid points of the poles of magnet 1 and all of I the lines of fnrce passing through the coil.

After the 50 point is passed and movement 4is made toward the 80 point, the strips 8 and 9 pass out from under brushes 10 and hence instrument 14 indicates Zero, while instrument 15 moves backward from the 50 point which it reached the moment contact was made with strips 8 and 9 and toward the starting or zero point.

80 indication. The reason for this is apparent when we remember that the electromotive force in coil 6 is zero in the position shown, then maximum at the 50 indication, and then reaches zero again at the one hundred indication, 180 degrees from the It will thus be observed that I have produced an exceedingly simple and efficient apparatus. sists essentially of two elements and has no parts which are liable to get outof order. The transmitting device has but few contacts and the receiving device has'none at all, current being led directly into the inclined coils of the receiving instruments.

The transmitting device con- By using the two semi-circular contact strips 8 and 9 and using two indicating in.

struments, I have increased'the range of indication of my apparatus from 90 degrees to 180 degrees. It is, of course, obvious that in case I use only one indicating in# strument, it would b'e impossible *tof tell Whether the armature was rotated from zero to ninety degrees, and then back again, or from zero to 180 degrees, as the elect-roT motive force builds up according to a sine wave from zero to 90 degrees, and then falls again to 180 degrees. I could,'of course, have both instruments to indicate at once, but by extending the contact strips 8 and 9 through only 180 degrees I use only one instrument at a time, and confusion is thereby avoided.

Of course it is understood that suitable stops may be provided to engage the armature 4 to hold it in adjusted positions and to prevent its rotation to an angle greater than 180 degrees. l

It is also evident that I may calibrate and mark the scales of the instruments to give whatever indications I may desire, such as tne letters of the alphabet, speed indications, v

time indications, etc.

I may also useI a magnetic field other than alternating, such for instance,vas a pulsating magnetic field or a variable field of 'other nature.

While I have described the best form of my invention now known to me, I desire to have it understood that many modifications may be made therein without departing from the generic spirit, and I desire to cover by the annexed claims all such modifications.

What I claim is,-

' 1. An' electro-magnetic telegraphl comprising an'armature in an alternating magnetic field, means for moving the armature to any one .of anumber of positions in said. field, two independent current collecting de-v vices in successive operative relation to said armature, and an indicating instrument connected to each of said collecting devices.

2. An electro-magnetic telegraph comprising an armature in an alternating inagnetie field, means for moving the armature to any one of a number of positions in said field, two indicating instruments, and means 'for successively passing current induced in said arn'iature through both instruments.

3. An electro-magnetic telegraph comprising an armature in an alternating magnetic field, means 'for moving the armature to any one of a plurality of' positions in Said field, two indicating instruments, and current eollecting devices which pass current from said armature first through one indicating instrument and then through the other.

4t. An electro-magnetic telegraph, comprising mechanism for producing an alternating field, a rotatable ari'nature located within said field, means for turning said armature to any one of a number of angular positions in said field, a pair of separate sets of collecting devices associated with said armature and so positioned as to be brought successively into electrical communication therewith as said armature is thus turned, and a pair of indicating instruments each connected with one set only of said collecting devices so that said instruments are energized one after the other as said armature is turned, one of said instruments being calibrated to indicate a certain range of' angular positions of said armature, and the other indicating instrument being calibrated to indicate another range thereof', said last mentioned range being practically a continuation of said first mentioned range.

5. In an electro-magnetic telegraph, an'

armature rotatable in an alternating magnetic field, means for moving the armature to 'any one of a number of positions in said field, current collecting devices in operative relation to said armature 4and comprising a pair of' movable contacts and two pairs of fixed contacts angularly spaced apart with respect to the center of rotation of said armature, two indicators, and means connecting each indicator to a pair of fixed contacts.

(3. In an electro-magnetic telegraph, `an armature in an alternating magnetic field, means for moving the armature to any one of' a number of positions in said field, eurrent collecting devices in operative relation to said armature and comprising a pair of semi-circular movable contacts and two pair of fixed contacts angularly spaced apart, two indicators, and means connecting each indi fator to a pair of fixed contacts.

7. i'n electro-magnetic telegraph, comprising a transmitter by which a current rising from minimum to maximum and dropping from n'iaximum to minimum may be transmitted by operation of the transmitter in the same direction, a current operated receiving device comprising a receiving instrument adapted to give indications over a certain range during the risc of current from minimum to maximum, and means giving an additional `ange of indication in continuance of the aforesaid range during the following drop of current from maximum to minimum when the transmitter is moved further in the same direction.

S. In an electro-niagnetic telegraph, a. sending instrument which produces a cui'- rent off increasing intensity to maximum then decreasing intensity to minimum, two receiving instruments, and independent current collecting devices in successive operative relation to said sending instrument which first pass a. current increasing from minimum intensity to maximum through one receiving instrument and then pass a current decreasing from maximum intensity to minimum through the other receiving instrument.

9. In an electric teleg'aph, a transmitter, a receiver,- said receiver comprising a compound device for indicating intelligences consisting of two receiving instruments, connections whereby one of them gives indications up to a certain maximum value over a certain `ange connections whereby another of them gives indications in continuation of the indications of said first instrument. 4

10. An electro-magnetic telegraph consisting of a transmitter comprising an armature, means for producing a variable inagnetic field in which said armature is placed, and means for changing the relative position of the armature with respect to the magnetic field, and a receiving device comprising a compound indicating instrument made up of two indicating devices, and connections between said receiving instrunient and said transmitter whereby one device indicates the extent of its range and the other device thereafter gives indications in continuation of the indications of the one.

11. An electro-magnetic telegraph comprising a transn'iittcr by which a current rising from minimum to maximum and dropping from maximum to minimum may be 'transmitted a current operated receiving instrument comprising an indicating device having a scale which gives increasing indications for increasing values of current from minimum to maximum, and a second indicating device which gives increasing indications for decreasing values of current after the maximum value has been passed.

12. An electro-magnetic telegraph consisting of a transmitter by which a current rising :from minimum to maximum and dropping from maximum to minimum may be transmitted, and a current operated receiving instrument comprising an indicating device which indicates through a certain range for values ofcurrent from minimum A to In testimony whereof I have hereunto setmuximum, and a second indicating devlce -my hand in presence of two subsorlbmg Wililp which gives indications 1n continuation of nesses.

Ache indications of the first device after the maximum value of the current is passed, and Y DONALD M BLISS' means whereby said device is caused to indi- Witnessesz cate after the first device has reached its O'ivro HENSOHEL,

maximum. (J1-LAMES F. LEINING

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