US1100679A - Carbureter. - Google Patents

Description

T. E'. MGGURE. CARBURBTER,

APPLICATION FLED MAEM, 1913.

Fatente June i6, w

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

T. F. MGGUIRE.

. GARBURBTER.

v APPLICATION FILED MARJG, 1913. A l 10,6?9 Y Patented June 16,1914.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

umano scares PATENT carica.

TEO-MASI. MOGUIRE, 0F NEW YGBK, N. Y;

GARBURETER.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, THOMAS F. MCG'UIRE, a .citizen of` the United States, and residing in the borough of Manhattan, city, county, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Carbureters for Hydrocarbon-Engines, of which the following is a full and clear specification, illustrated in' the accompanying drawings, the novel features of my inyention being more fully pointed out 1n the annexed claims.

My invention relates in general to carbu reters for mixing liquid fuel with air to reduce a combustible miXture for use in iydrocarbon engines.

In particular my invention relates to the type of carburcters in which with the increased admission of mixture .toJ the engine the air supply and Afuel supply is increased in such proportion that the mixture admitted to the engine always is made of such quality as the engine requires at the particular speed and power intended by such increased admission of mixture.

In particular my invention relates also to the forni of carbureters illustrated in a. copending application of Elmer S. Smith for carbureters, Serial No. 626,67 8, filed May 12th, 1911, my invention being an improvement on the form illustratedtherein.

The object of my improvement is 'to make the fuel supply through the jets which are mounted on the rotatable gasolene container,

dependent. on the operation of the engine,

. that is to say, to cause the jets to yield fuel only when the engine is running, contrary to the arrangement in the'aforesaidapplication"\`vliere the jets yield the fuel so long as they are submerged below vthe gasolene level in the container. The result of my improved. construction is that I am able to leave the fuel container tilted in any angular position bureter, which are set forth more detailed hereinafter.

In the accompanying' drawing, Figure 1 is a" vertical sectional' elevation of the carbureter taken on the axis of rotation of the fuel receptacle. Fi 2 isa plan view of the :fuely receptacle'. Fig. 3 is a ldetailed sectional'. elevation in'la'rgersca'le of the fuel `Specification of Letters Patent. application led'llaieh 2, Flai. l Serial No. '4756;882.

iatentec June ie, 1914.

admission valve shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal vertical section taken at right angles to the section shown in Fig. 1.' Fig. 5' is a4 detailed illustration of the sleeve which is placed over one' of the trunnions of the fuelV receptacle. Fi 6 is a modified form of connecting the uel container with the throttle Valve. Fig. 7 is a bottom View of the throttleA valve', and Fig. 8 is a sectional view of trunnion 23 on the lineiX-X in Fig. 2.

Referring firstly to Figs. l and 4 which ,show the general outline of the carbureter, 11 and 12 are substantially semi-spherical shells, which are fastened together by hinge 'bolts 13 as shown in Fig. 4.

The upper shell which is more closely semi-spherical than the lovver'shell is provided at its upper portion with the mixture outlet 15,

EWhereas the lower shell 12.is formed by a substantially cylindrical rim '16, which is `attached to the upper shell by -hinge bolts 13, as previously mentioned, and' which has l attached to its open end a screen 17 forming the air inlet ofthe shell'. The upper and lower shells are provided at their abutting Isurfaces with diametrieally oppositely arranged trunnion bearings, each of the shells having one half of the bearing integral with Iof trunnions 22 and 28, trunnion 22 being flocatedin the bearing 18-20 and. being prof vided 'with al transverse slot 24, in: which ja lever 25 is suitably fastened, the upper i half 2O of the trunnion bearing being cutout as shown at 26 in Fig. 1 to permit arm 25 to ass to the outside. The cut out 26 has between the closed and full open position, suffi) fthe 'bearing' to permit lever 25 to rock lthrough a certain angle, and it thereby serves simultaneously as a limiting stop' vwhich determinesthe angle through which cient angular extension in the'- wall of the receptacle canbetilted from the normal position; 4 v l The fuel receptacle 21 is of the following constructionzAs will be noted from Figs. 1 fand 4 it consists of twohalves joined in' a fhorizontal plane, the lower half 27' being a 'substantially perfect semi-ph`ere, Whereas the 'upper half28 is' cone shaped with a flat top and a small recess 29 in the top. The two halves are joined together b means of a screw bolt 30 which rests wit 1 its shoulder 31 in recess 29 of the u per half of the receptacle, and which is t ireaded at its lower end into a central boss 32, provided on the lower portioniof bolt 27. As shown in Fi s. 1 and 4'vbolt 30 is hollow part wa from t e top to receive the shank of a hoo 33 which is connected to a link 34 of throttle valve 35, which is pivoted at 36 in the walls of the mixture outlet 15 of the uppershell. i Thus when the receptacle, as shown in' Fig. 4, is rotated clockwise, throttle valve 35 is corre spondingly o ened' according to the angle t irough whic the `receptacle is rotated.

Inside of the fuel receptacle is located a float 40 which is attached to a float arm 41, which arm in turn is pivoted at 43 in Va suitable support 42 located in the hollow trunnion 23. The free end of float arm 41 is comparatively short and terminates in a rounded knob 44, which engages in the forked portion of a second lever 45, likewise ivoted in su port 42, as shownat 46. The ree end of` ever:- 15 extends close to the outer end of truiinienv23 where it registers with a transverse A,slot 46, provided in the upper portion of cylindrical trunnion wall, and tiis vfree end of lever 45- is provided with a cam 47, as shown in Fig. 1,. This cam coperates with the lower end 48 of fuel admission valve49 ofthe usualr type employed in `This valve consists of the main shank'49 which is preferably triangular ,Shagl'so that it permits the fuel to aasl Ween its fiat sides and the cylin rical wail of the valve housing 5 0, and its upper portioncarries a valve cone 51 loosely attached to it, the cone being seated against the boring of a nipple threaded into valve housing 5d. The va ve coneand the valve shank are shown in larger scale in Fig. 3. From this detail illustration it will he notedthat the cone has a downwardly extending pin 53, which is located in a small boring of valve shank 49, and the boring is preferabl dilnensioncd so that the pin 53 has a few t iousandths of an inch lateral play in it, so that the proper seating of cone 51 against its seat is insured even 1f the longitudinal axes of nipple 52 and of valve housing 50 should not be exactly in alinement. Valve housing 5() is set into a. boring provided in the upper shell ll of the carburetor and it extends through to the trunnion 23 so that its interior 'forms a communication with the transverse slot 4G provided in the trunnion as previously described. The valve housing 5() is held in place by means of a set screw flu order to prevent the valve shank 4) from dropping out of the housing after the latter is removed from its seat in shell 11, ll provide the valve shank near its upper end with a wide circular groove 56, as shown in Fi 3, into which a screw 54 threaded into va ve housing 50 protrudes, whereby the drop ing out of shank 49 is prevented. By the ever connection of the float with cam 47 I obtain the ell'ect that when the float 40 drops also cam 47 drops and permits fuel valve 51 falling from its seat so that fuel can enter from nipple 52 throu h the valve housing 50, and through the holow trunnion 23 into the fuel receptacle 21. When the latter is filled to the desired height, for instance to the level I-I Fig. 4, the float has risen'again to a point where it has lifted cam 47 sufficiently to press the latter against foot 48 of the fuel valve, whereby the valve is raised and pressed against its seat as previously described. s shown in Fig. 8 and also in Fig. 1 the foot 48 of the fuel valve rests on top of the cam 47 when the receptacle is in normal osition, as shown in Fig. 1, that is to say, 1n the osition in which the throttle is closed and t e air supply cut olf, as will be described presently hereinafter. If now the receptacle is rotated clockwise,l as shown by the arrow in Fig. 8, cam 47 whose center is located above the axis of rotation of trunnien 23, moves to the right, so that the foot 48 of valve 49 slides down on the left hand Side of the cam and thereb opens the valve and admits more fuel, so tiat the fuel level in the "'rece taele is raised from I-I to II-II, as s own in Fi 4. The purpose of this expedient will be i escribed hereinafter.

ln order to secure a tight joint between trunnion 23 audits bearing, so that leakage 'of fuel is prevented thereby, I have provided` the'following means: Truunion 23 not directly urnaled in the trunnion hearings 18-19, ut it is journaled in the sleeve v58,"SeeFigS. l1 and 5, which is closed at its outer end as; shown. Trunnion 2:5 is pro-- vided within. groove located between opening 46 and the receptacle body, which eontains preferably a felt ring (S0 which is slightly compressed when sleeve is slipped over trunnion 23 and thereby forms a sufficiently tight joint against small leale age of fuel, without producing undue trietion between the trunnion and the sleeve Sleeve 5S is proi when the former rotates. vided with a conical boring 5) iu which the lower portion ot' the fuel valve casing 5() seats,vas shown in Fig. l, and which boring also registers with slot f4-(l provided iu the trunnion, so that the fuel can pass unobstructed from the valve casing into the truunion. By these meauslL :un enabled lo tighten the two shells ll and l2, which form the body of the carluu'eter,tightly logelher by means of the hinge bolla', as previously described, without thereby disturbing the t'uel tight fitting between trunnion 23 and its hearings. Ot course it must be understood that the normal t'uel level in the recepil t) titl taclc is tilted to its extreme angular pesition et wide open throttle. This would again have the disadvantage mentioned with regard to the structure shown in the above mentioned application that, when the throttle should be left wide open and the engine stopped, fuel would be spilled through this submerged nozzle. This disadvantage is overcome by placing the priming nozzle which supplies all the fuel necessary fora Small amount of Work, on the left hand side of the receptacle. n this side as Shown in Fig. l, with regard to nozzle ltlie rims and 6G separate correspondingly in the other direction when the recep taele is tilted clockwise, and the same amount of air which is admitted at the right hand side is also admitted to the mixing chamber (SQ at the left hand side. Nozzle 1 being placed siifiiciently low, the low speed air current is capable of drawing out the amount of fuel required to properly carbiiret this air to supply the desired mixture consisting of this carhiireted air and the amount of pure air then drawn through the corresponding opening at the right hand side oi they receptacle.

lielore further explaining the operation olE the nozzles l shall oiiee more refer to the raising of the fuel level from level ll to lll, which is obtained by the means (the eccentric movement oi' cam 47) described hereiiibeioi'e. When an engine is started it is desirable to supply an extra heavy inixture. 'l`heret'ore, before the operator starts the engine it is advisable to open the throttle o ide 'for ay moment so that the rcccptarle is tilted into its extreme angular position in wliirh the Yt'oot "ttl oi the fuel supply valve has desrended on the lett hand side of cani yti (see ["ig. Fl), so that thereby the l'iiel ievrl is raised Vi'i'oin level l to level ll. li, now the operator returns the i'ereptacle into the normal position shown in Fig. L), the i'iiel level ll being close to nozzle l, a. eoniparatively large amount ot' fuel will be drawn out when the receptacle is tilted rlorlcwise a` simili amount to start. the engine. This fuel is rapidly consumed without beine,r replenished by the action oi the .ioat and the tloat. valve in the position in which the receptacle is then, on account. oi`V the iioat valve now resting agaiii on top ot` cani 47. 'l`liei'etore, with the engine running idle tbe. i'iiel soon drops down to the level at which, it' the engine continues running. the iloat ruines iiito action and maintains the fuel at thatv level.

Returningr now to the description otl the operation oi" all the now/.les` when tlie receptacle. is gradually tilted clockwise. and it. being assumed now that the l'iiel level is again :it l. as 'inst'. described, nozzle l is gradually elevated above level l, while nou/.le 2 at the other side. ot' tliefreceptacle together with the other nozzles of the same `group is being gradually lowered to that level. When the rece tacle is thus continued being tilted to a mit more air to the mixing chamber, gradually less fuel can be drawn from nozzle 1 0n account of its great height above the level, and by the time the amount of mixture admitted by throttle 35 requires more fuel, tube 7 of nozzle 2 has dipped into the fuel and the nozzle has been lowered close enough to the fuel level I to come gradually into action, while nozzle 1 at the other side goes out of action. The number of nozzles on'the right hand side of the` receptacle which come into action gradib ally increases, as previously described, as the receptacle is further rotated, until when for instance 2 nozzles arel in full action, priming nozzle luis entirely gone outl of action, it being impossible for the air still rnshin past the priming nozzle to draw out fue AS the number of nozzles which come into action on the right hand side ihcreases, foot 4G of loat 49 gradually Slides down the left hand side of cani 47, as reviously described, so that again the fuel7 level is gradually raised from l to II as the number of active nozzles is increased. This furnishes more fuel to the air current than would be possible it' the level remained at l, and it furnishes just the proper amount of fuel to give the desired mixture for the throttle and the receptacle position. When the receptarle is tilted into its extreme angular position. and also slightly before this occurs, it is desirable to furnish an extra amount of i'iiel. which can not be furnished by the nozzles already in operatioinnotwithstanding the fuel level being raised from l to Il, because. the amount of fiiclwhich can be drawn froiulthc nozzles at the right hand side by an air current running substantially at right angles past the nozzles .is limiter, and lwyoiidja mrtain speed of air no more t'iiel is lieiitirbdraivii out of the nozzles, even it' this speed @greatly increased beyond this point` .'lliitn, t is well known. ln this ease Ihe mi.

l i would be too lean. Now 1n ordeilo prrperly eiirirh the mixture I make use again o priming nozzle l, whose tube 1 still remains iii the. fuel. The fuel-level having been raised from T to ll. since nozzle l went out ol' operation, as previously described, 'it has been brought that. much nearer to the mouth of the nozzle which stands now high up. At such high'engine speed however which causes an air current rushing at high-speed past the right hand group ol nozzles to fail drawing more fuel t'roin the latter. also produces a 'partial variiuin in the mixing chamber, particularly in the left hand portion thereof where nozzle 1 ist-lien located on account of the oper ing t'or the air formed by the two rims (iii and (S5 on the left hand side being small nii comparatively with 'the opening formed'by these rims on the right handside of the re- `tube 1a-of that nozzle to rise to its mouth and emanate therefrom, when it is'picked up by the air which passes 'through that portion of the mixing chamber and added to the otherwise lean mixture produced at the right hand side of the carburetor, so that now the vmixture has again the desired quality. Thus nozzle 1 servestwo purposes, first at the start in the capacityof a priming nozzle, tand second in the extreme open position of the carbureter in the capacity of an auxiliary nozzle. have found'that carbureters constructed in this manner have the superior tendency to furnish a mixture of the desired quality, even at high engine speeds.

y The manner in which the receptacle -isi connected to throttle 35, by means of the Ashank of hook 33 being loosely fitted in rod 30, may be also modified by attaching the hook 33 to the rod in themanner shown in Fig. 6, in which rod 30 is shown hollow throughout its Whole length, with the shank 33al extending through boss 3,2 of the receptacle, rod 33a being held by. lmeans of Wing nut 33". In order to set the throttle at the smallest permissible opening any suitable means may be employed. For instance a screw 70 may be threaded into the Wall of the mixture outlet against which the throttle abuts when it is closed. The farther thisV screw 7 0 is screwed into the mixture outlet the more thel minimum opening of the throttle will be increased. Screw 70 may be locked by means of lock nut 71.

lI In ii carbureter of the character described the combination with a fuel receptacle having a plurality of means for discharging fuel therefrom, and means for throwing said-discharging means consecutively into operation; of additional fuel discharge means in said receptacle Wall adapted to yield a priming fuel charge While said first named discharge means are out of operation, and adapted to go out of operation as said first named means consecutively come into operation, said additional means adapted to again'operate when all said first named means are in operation.-

2. Tn a carbure'ter of the character described thc combination with a fuel receptacle having a group of fuel discharge noz zlcs disposed Iin its wall and means for throwing said/nozzles consecutively into operation of an additional nozzle suitably disposed in tlie receptacle wall and adapted to viel/l a Lriming charge of fuel While said first named nozzles are outpf operation, and to go itself out Ot operation when said first named nozzles go into operation, said additional nozzle adapted to again yield an auxiliaryffuel charge when all of said first named nozzles are in operation.

3. In a carbureter of the characterdescribed the combination with a fuel l,receptacle 'having a group of fuel discharge nozzles disposed in its wall and means for an auxiliary fuel charge when all of said first named nozzles are in operation.

4.7In va carbnreter ofthe character described the combination with a rotatable fuel receptacle having a group of fuel discharge nozzles` disposed in its Wall and adapted to consecutively yield fuel when the receptacle is rotated; of an additional nozzle suitably disposed in the receptacle Wall and adapted to yield a priming char e of fuel before said receptacle is sufficient y rotated to bring said first named nozzle into operation, said additional nozzle adapted to gradually go out of operation as said first named nozzles go into operation, and adapted also to yield an auxiliary fuel charge when the receptacle is rotated into its extreme angular position When all of said first named nozzlesare in operation. v f

.5. In a carbureter of the character described the combination with a rotatable fuel receptacle having a group of fuel discharge nozzles disposed in its Wall and adapted lto consecutively yield fuel when the receptacle is rotated; of an additional nozzle disposed in the receptacle wall diametrically'opposite from Where said first named nozzles are disposed and having a tube, permanently connected with the fuel in said receptacle, said nozzle adapted to yield a. priming charge of fuel before said receptacle'is sufliciently rotated to bring said first named nozzles into operation, said addil,tional nozzle adapted to gradually go out of operation as said first named nozzles o into-operation and adapted also to yied` nozzles a sleeve in which said trunnion is rotatablesai sleeve being closed at its outer end and having an opening registering with said trunnion openin said trunnion having an angular groove` etween said Wall open' and the receptacle body and acking `1n groove cooperating with Said) sleeve to re vent leakage of fuel, said sleeve being geld fixedly in said Shell, andimeans for admitting fuel through said sleeve and said trunnion opening.

7. In n carbureter of the character de scribed the combination with a rotatable fuel receptacle having a plurality of n`0zzles disposed in its wa1landmeans on said for consecutively connecting said nozzles with the fuel in sadreceptacle' to operate when the latter is rotated, whereby the mouths of all of said nozzle's remain above the fuel level yeven when the recepte- 20 cle is rotated Vinto sition. Y

8. In a-carbureter of the character described`th'e combination with a rotatable its extreme angular pofuel receptacle having a slurality of nozzles u THOMAS F. MQGUIRE. Witnesses:

H. ALFRED Jamin, M. G', Cnawnono.

e, months of all of ad

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