US1100511A - Lock and key. - Google Patents

Description

R. WALSER & A. SAUTER.

LOOK AND KEY.

APPLICATION TILED MAR. 19, 1913.

1,100,511, Patented June 16,1914.

WITNESSES [:1 65 INVENTORS 67 68 45 ATTORNEYS cnLuMBIA PLANOGRAPH CO.,WASHINGTON, D. c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ROBERT WALSER, OF WEST NEW YORK, AND ALFRED SAU'IER, 0]? UNION HILL, NEW JERSEY.

LOCK AND KEY.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed March 19, 1913.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that we, ROBERT WALSER and ALFRED SAUTER, citizens of the United States, and residents, respectively, of West New York, in the county of Hudson and State of New Jersey, and Union Hill, in the county of Hudson and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Locks and Keys, of

which the following is a full, clear, and

tor-changeable bits conformable to the wards,

the lock being provided with means whereby the ward-holder can be removed from the lock only when the bolt thereof is projected into an operative position.

The object of the invention is to provide a simple and efficient lock which can be used for the various purposes to which locks are usually put, which may have combined there with a special key provided with interchangeable bits, or an ordinary key, in which the lock may be adjusted to adapt it for use with different keys or with different adjustments of a special key, which cannot be operated in an unauthorized manner without great difliculty, in which the lock can be adjusted without the use of the key itself, and which comprises few parts and is compact in form and inexpensive to manufacture.

The invention consists in the construction and combination of parts to be more fully described hereinafter and particularly set forth in the claims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification, in which similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the views,'and in which Figure 1 is a side elevation of the lock, showing one of the side plates removed to disclose the interior of the lock; Fig. 2 is a yertical section 011 the line 2-2 of Fig. 1; Flg. 3 is a fragmentary view similar to Fig. 1, showing the lock bolt projected; Fig. 4 is an inverted plan view of a part of the lock showing the tumblers; Fig. 5 is a fragmentary sectional view of a special key and of the ward-carrier and wards of the lock; Fig.' 6 is a view similar to Fig. 5, showing the parts in different positions; and Fig. 7 1s a fragmentary, side elevation of the wardcarrier and wards of a modified form.

Before proceeding to a more detailed explanation of our invention itshould be clearly understood that while the same includes the combination of the special lock with the special key, as will be pointed out more particularly hereinafter, the invention also relates to the lock itself, independently of the key. In other words, our lock with its novel features may be used with an ordinary key of proper shape or with the special key having adjustable or interchangeable bits. On the other hand the special key with its novel features may be used with another form of lock of ordinary type and not necessarily embodying the novel features of our invention as relating to the lock. Preferably however, the lock and key of our invention should be combined.

Referring more particularly to the drawings we have shown a lock casing 10, preferably fashioned from metal, and of the cus tomary form. It is adapted to be mounted in a recess of the door or other closure with which the lock is employed. It has the outer or face plate 11 provided with upwardly and downwardly extending ends 12 having openings 13 adapted to receive screws or other means for securing the lock in position in the door recess. The casing has similar side plates 14 both of which are re1novable and which are preferably secured in place by means of screws or the like engaging in openings 15 provided for the pur pose, in blocks 16 located within the corners of the casing. The back wall 17 of the easing is likewise provided at its lower end with an inturned part having'openings 18 receiving retaining screwsof the side plates.

The lock is provided with the usual latch bolt 19having a'beveled head 20 normally projecting through an opening 21 in the face plate 11. The latch bolt is guided between lugs 22 projecting inwardly from the face plate 11 and has a stem 23. The latter is movably held in a suitable guide 24 and has at the inward extremity a bifurcation At the extremities of the bifur cated part are studs 26. A leaf spring 27 having one extremity held by a screw 28 passes around a stud 29 of the lock casing and engages a stud 30 near the inner end of the latch bolt stem. This leaf spring normally projects the latch bolt. A spindle 31 of angular cross-section extends transversely through the casing and is rotatably mounted in openings of the side walls. It is provided with the usual grips (not shown) by means of which it can be turned in one direction or the other. It has rigidly 1nounted thereon a collar 32 having an arcuate cam 33 adapted to engage one or the other of the studs 26, so that as the spindle 31 is turned one way or the other it will retract the latch bolt against the tension of the spring 27. This construction may be of the type described or of any customary form 3 adapted for the purpose.

Near the middle of the casing at the front I thereof we provide pairs of spaced ribs 34 horizontally disposed and rigidly secured in position. A ward-carrier 35 is slidably mounted between the ribs 34 and has the end received in an opening 36 of the face plate 11. At the inner extremity, the wardcarrier has one or more transverse grooves 37 of undercut or dovetail form. able and interchangeable wards 38 having the extremities 39 shaped to be received in the grooves and held therein are carried at the inner end of the holder and projected inwardly therefrom, as is clearly shown in Figs. 1 and 3. These wards may be of any suitable, irregular form, and are normally located at each side slot 40 of the key-hole, the eye d1 of the key-hole being positioned at the end of the slot remote from the wardholder.

In Fig. 7 we have shown a modified form of ward-holder 42 having a single dovetail slot 43 in which are removably positioned wards 44:. These have bifurcated parts 45 constituting the wards proper, between which the bits of the key must pass. Slidably mounted within the casing, above the ward-holder, is the lock bolt 46 adapted to be projected through an opening d7 of the face plate and like the ward-holder normally lying with its outer surface flush with the corresponding surface of the face plate. The bolt is guided to move between the upper rib 34 and a partition 48, extending longitudinally of the look, below the top of the casing, and preferably secured to the upper blocks 16, so that the partition is substantially parallel to the upper wall of the casing and is therefore normally horizontal. Extending rearwardly from the bolt 46 is a bolt body 49 of elongated form and divided rearwardly of the bolt, 4t6, into Adjusta pair of parallel, vertically disposed partition plates 50. o provide tumblers o1 of any suitable form, pivotally mounted by means of a transverse pin 52 at the outside of the partition plates, and between the same. In the form of lock illustrated, three tumblers are employed. Needless to say, this number may be altered as desirable or necessary. Each of the tumblers is in the form of a lever having a nose 53 adapted to engage in an opening at or 55 of the partition 48. The openings 54. are so disposed that when the noses of the tumblers are engaged therein the bolt is held in its retracted position. On the other hand, when the tumblers engage at the openings 55 the bolt is secured in its projected, operative position. Each of the tumblers is held in a normal, operative position, by a leaf spring 56 secured to a stud 57 of the bolt body and engaging at a second. stud 58 so that it is maintained in operative relation with the tumblers. In order to prevent unauthorized withdrzuval of the ward-holder we provide a stop 59 consisting of a pin, the lower end of which" is received in registering openings 60 and 61 of the upper rib 34 and the wardholder. The pin is slidably mounted in a guide 62 of the casing wall. A spring (33 likewise secured to the casing wall and engaging the pin, tends normally to retract it from engagement with the openings 60 and 61. The bolt body has a part Get having a cam edge which normally engages the upper end of the pin 59, so that when the lock is retracted the pin is held in an operative position, that is, with its lower extremity disposed in the openings 60 and 61. Consequently, as long as the lock bolt is retracted the ward-carrier cannot be removed from the casing. Only after a key has been used to project the bolt can the ward-holder be withdrawn, for, when the bolt projected the part Gt is out of engagement with the pin, and the latter is moved into an inoperative position under the influence of its spring 63.

In Figs. 5, and 6 we have shown a special form of key for use with our look. This comprises a stem 65 having at one end a suitable bow 6G and at the other end a tubular part 67. This tubular part has pro vided therein a slot 68. A number of bits 69, having enlarged heads are associated with the key, the heads being received within the tubular part 67, with the bits proper projecting through the slots 68. The bits are secured in place by a screw 71 received in the corresponding end of the tubular part 67 or in any other suitable manner. It will be imderstood that the bits may be of any irregular form corresponding to the form of the wards 38, so that when the key is inserted in a key-hole and the bits positioned between the wards, the key can be turned in one direction or the other, passing through the openings of the wards. If the key does not fit, or is not the proper key, it cannot of course be turned from between the wards, and the lock cannot be operated. As soon as it passes from between the wards and it is turned far enough the bits will come into engagement with the tumblers to displace them and disengage the noses thereof from the openings 53 and 54:. At the same time the bits contact with the bolt body in a recess 7 2 thereof so that the bolt can be moved longitudinally in one direction or the other. When it is desired to adjust the lock and the key the bolt is first projected and the ward-carrier is withdrawn. To facilitate this operation we provide an undercut recess 73 in an end face of the ward carrier, adapted to be engaged by a hook 74 provided at the bow 66 of the key, so that the latter can be used to draw forth the ward-carrier without difliculty, as is shown in Fig. 6. The wards can then be removed and replaced or can be interchanged, the bits of the key being correspondingly adjusted. In this way by a very simple manipulation an entirely different setting of the lock can be effected.

Having thus described our invention, we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent l. The combination with a lock having a bolt, and a removable ward-holder provided with adjustable and interchangeable wards, of a key having adjustable and interchangeable bits conformable to said wards, said lock having means whereby said wardholdcr can be removed from said look only when said bolt is in a predetermined position.

2. The combination with a lock having a bolt, and a removable ward-holder provided with adjustable and interchangeable wards, of a key having adjustable and interchangeable bits conformable to said wards, said lock having a stop controlled by said bolt, for securing said ward-holder against removal.

3. A look having a bolt, a removable wardholder provided with Wards, and means controlled by said bolt, for securing said wardholder in position.

4. A look having a bolt, a removable wardholder provided with wards, a stop for securing said ward-holder against removal, and means whereby said stop becomes inoperative when said bolt is projected.

5. The combination with a lock having a bolt, and a removable member provided with removable, adjustable and interchangeable.

wards, of a key having removable, adjustable and interchangeable bits conformable to said wards, said lock having a normally inoperative stop engaging said member and adapted when operative to secure said member against removal, said bolt having means for holding said stop in an operative position when said bolt is retracted only.

6. A look having a slidable bolt, a wardcarrier slidably mounted in said lock and adapted to be removed therefrom, said wardcarrier having a removable ward, a pin adapted to engage said ward-holder and secure the same against removal, and a spring tending to hold said pin in an inoperative position, said bolt having a cam part engaging said pin when said bolt is retracted, to hold said pin in an operative position.

7. In a look, a bolt; a ward carrier comprising a block having an under-cut end, a Ward removably associated with said block and adapted to engage the under-cut end; means for guiding said block; a pin adapted to engage said block and lock the same; a resilient member tending to disengage said pin from the block; and a cam on said bolt controlling the movement of said pin by said resilient member.

In testimony whereof we, ROBERT WALSER and ALFRED SAUTER, have hereunto signed our names tothis specification in the pres ence of two subscribing witnesses.

ROBERT WALSER. ALFRED SAUTER.

Witnesses:

JOHN P. DAVIS, PHILIP D. ROLLHAUS.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. G.

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