US1098794A - Article with protective coating. - Google Patents

Article with protective coating. Download PDF

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Publication number
US1098794A
US1098794A US72836212A US1912728362A US1098794A US 1098794 A US1098794 A US 1098794A US 72836212 A US72836212 A US 72836212A US 1912728362 A US1912728362 A US 1912728362A US 1098794 A US1098794 A US 1098794A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
article
titanium
coating
nitrid
carbid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US72836212A
Inventor
Samuel H Fleming
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
National Carbon Co Inc
Original Assignee
Nat Carbon Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nat Carbon Co filed Critical Nat Carbon Co
Priority to US72836212A priority Critical patent/US1098794A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US1098794A publication Critical patent/US1098794A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/009—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
    • C04B41/52—Multiple coating or impregnating multiple coating or impregnating with the same composition or with compositions only differing in the concentration of the constituents, is classified as single coating or impregnation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
    • C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
    • C04B41/89—Coating or impregnation for obtaining at least two superposed coatings having different compositions
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
    • Y10T428/2918—Rod, strand, filament or fiber including free carbon or carbide or therewith [not as steel]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
    • Y10T428/2933—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core
    • Y10T428/294—Coated or with bond, impregnation or core including metal or compound thereof [excluding glass, ceramic and asbestos]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/30—Self-sustaining carbon mass or layer with impregnant or other layer

Definitions

  • the object of the invention is to produce a hard adhesive, non-porous coating that will stand the high temperatures attained in an electric or other-furnace without burning, or underging other deleterious chemical changes. The manner in which this is accomplished will be given in the accompanying description.
  • Titanium nitrid is a stable compound even at very high temperatures. It is nonporous, difiicult to break, and is very hard,
  • a mix is made of some titanium compound, such as rutile for example, and a suitable binder and this is applied to the surface of the article by any means.
  • the mix may be forced around the article at the same time that the latter is forced, in a manner similar to known process for putting thin shells around arc light electrodes, or it may be ressed on.
  • the article is coated atitanium compound such as rutile. it is baked at a high temperature in the presence of nitrogen. Titanium has a high affinity for nitrogen and the two readily combine to form the nitrid. By this means 'the coating of titanium oxid or other compound is converted into titanium nitrid.
  • Titanium carbid itself is a poor coating for articles subject to a high temperature in the presence of air, as it readily burns. However, if the coat of titanium carbid is l surrounded by a layer of titanium 'nitrid i it will be protected from the air and will not burn.
  • One of the ways in which these two coats maybe applied to the article is x;
  • lVhile I prefer to apply the nitrid coating in the way previously described, I may use another method for forming the coating.
  • the article itself may consist of carbon mixed with rutilc or other titanium compound in the desired proportions. lVhen this is heated the outer surface of the electrodes will be converted to titanium carbid.
  • the carbid coating may be later entirely or partially converted into the nitrid by heating in the presence of nitrogen as previously described, or the article may be first heated in an atmosphere of. nitrogen so that a coating of the nitrld is directly formed.
  • a refractory article having a coating of titanium nitrid having a coating of titanium nitrid.
  • a refractory article having one coating of titanium carbid and a second superimposed coating of titanium nitrid.
  • a carbonaceous article the outer portions of which contain titanium nitrid.

Description

- wit ,XR 190989794- SR UNITED s'rarns SAMUEL H. FLEMING, or CLEVELAND,
COMPANY, or CLEVELAND, OHIO,
Parana orrron.
OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO NATIONAL CARBON A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.
ARTICLE WITH. PROTECTIVE COATING.
1,098,794. Specification of No Drawing.
ings forele cjrodes, resistors, furnace bricks and siniilar, articles;
The object of the invention is to produce a hard adhesive, non-porous coating that will stand the high temperatures attained in an electric or other-furnace without burning, or underging other deleterious chemical changes. The manner in which this is accomplished will be given in the accompanying description.
Titanium nitrid is a stable compound even at very high temperatures. It is nonporous, difiicult to break, and is very hard,
'so that it forms an efficient covering for articles of.-carb o n or othgr refractorygmagter ah as it prevent? tlie air or other furnace gases from reaching the carbon or other material to combine therewith.
To form the covering for an article a mix is made of some titanium compound, such as rutile for example, and a suitable binder and this is applied to the surface of the article by any means. The mix may be forced around the article at the same time that the latter is forced, in a manner similar to known process for putting thin shells around arc light electrodes, or it may be ressed on. After the article is coated atitanium compound such as rutile. it is baked at a high temperature in the presence of nitrogen. Titanium has a high affinity for nitrogen and the two readily combine to form the nitrid. By this means 'the coating of titanium oxid or other compound is converted into titanium nitrid.
In some cases it may be desirable to have the article provided with anfixtfilllq i fl. coahangl anjnterior'carbid coat, as the latter would servehs"'iiieansfi'ofinore firmly unite the former to the carbon. Titanium carbid wets the carbon and enters the pores of its exterior surface, so that the union with the carbon is practically perfect.
Letters Patent Patented June 2, 1914.
Application filed October 29, 1912. Serial No. 728,362.
Titanium carbid itself is a poor coating for articles subject to a high temperature in the presence of air, as it readily burns. However, if the coat of titanium carbid is l surrounded by a layer of titanium 'nitrid i it will be protected from the air and will not burn. One of the ways in which these two coats maybe applied to the article is x;
to apply a mix containing titanium and carbon to the article as previously described 5 r and then heat the article with the exclusion of air or nitrogen and thus form titanium carbid from the union of the titanium with the carbon. After the coating of carbid is formed the article is heated in the presence of air or other nitrogen supply and part or all of the titanium carbid is converted into the nitrid. The process can be stopped before the entire coat of carbid is transformed into the nitrid, if an inner coat of titanium carbid is desired.
lVhile I prefer to apply the nitrid coating in the way previously described, I may use another method for forming the coating. The article itself may consist of carbon mixed with rutilc or other titanium compound in the desired proportions. lVhen this is heated the outer surface of the electrodes will be converted to titanium carbid. The carbid coating may be later entirely or partially converted into the nitrid by heating in the presence of nitrogen as previously described, or the article may be first heated in an atmosphere of. nitrogen so that a coating of the nitrld is directly formed.
Having described my invention what I claim is:
l. A refractory article having a coating of titanium nitrid.
A refractory article having one coating of titanium carbid and a second superimposed coating of titanium nitrid.
3. A carbonaceous article, the outer portions of which contain titanium nitrid.
4. The process of forming a coating on an article which consists in applying a layer of rutile and then heating the article in the presence of nitrogen.
5. The process of forming a coating on an article which consists in applying a layer of rutile and carbon, heating with the exduslon of 2111' to change the layer In testimony whereof I have hereunto to tlt-amum carbld, and then heatmg m an slgned my name.
atmosphere of nitrogeq -to form, titanium S AMUEL H FLEMING nitrid. 5 6. A furnace olectroglg conslstmg of car- \Vitnesses:
bon andhavlng'a coatlng of tltanlum nit-rid I. J. ADAMS,
to protect it from oxidation. H. G. GROVER.
Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. 0."
US72836212A 1912-10-29 1912-10-29 Article with protective coating. Expired - Lifetime US1098794A (en)

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Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2597963A (en) * 1947-09-10 1952-05-27 Union Carbide & Carbon Corp Fluid impervious carbon article and method of making same
US2597964A (en) * 1951-11-09 1952-05-27 Union Carbide & Carbon Corp Fluid impervious carbon article and method of making same
US2636856A (en) * 1948-06-29 1953-04-28 Mallory & Co Inc P R Electrode for electrochemical oxidation
US2836514A (en) * 1953-11-16 1958-05-27 Metallgesellschaft Ag Hard surface coated gear member
US2839426A (en) * 1954-01-21 1958-06-17 Union Carbide Corp Method of coating carbonaceous articles with silicon nitride
US2864731A (en) * 1956-07-13 1958-12-16 David H Gurinsky Forming protective films on metal
US2880552A (en) * 1954-08-16 1959-04-07 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Heat treatment of metal-coated glass fibers
US2926111A (en) * 1958-04-03 1960-02-23 Donald G Schweitzer Method of forming a protective coating on ferrous metal surfaces
US2960642A (en) * 1958-04-17 1960-11-15 Quartz & Silice S A Dielectric films and capacitors employing the same
US2990351A (en) * 1948-03-01 1961-06-27 Manuel C Sanz Nuclear reactor element
US3041260A (en) * 1958-12-31 1962-06-26 Walter V Goeddel Nuclear fuel material
US3073717A (en) * 1958-12-31 1963-01-15 Robert J Pyle Coated carbon element for use in nuclear reactors and the process of making the element
US3131089A (en) * 1961-01-25 1964-04-28 Union Carbide Corp Carbon article coated with boron carbide and boron nitride, and process of making the same
US3151852A (en) * 1958-07-09 1964-10-06 Chrysler Corp Process for obtaining metal carbide coatings on base materials and metal carbide structures produced thereby
US4358506A (en) * 1980-06-09 1982-11-09 Josef Intrater Metal and carbon composites thereof
EP0067252A1 (en) * 1981-06-08 1982-12-22 Advanced Technology Inc. Metal, carbon, carbide and other compositions thereof, alloys and methods for preparing same
US4396677A (en) * 1980-10-24 1983-08-02 Josef Intrater Metal, carbon, carbide and other composites thereof
US5254359A (en) * 1989-06-02 1993-10-19 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Method of forming titanium nitride coatings on carbon/graphite substrates by electric arc thermal spray process using titanium feed wire and nitrogen as the atomizing gas
US5304417A (en) * 1989-06-02 1994-04-19 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Graphite/carbon articles for elevated temperature service and method of manufacture
CN107043276A (en) * 2017-04-25 2017-08-15 攀钢集团研究院有限公司 A kind of graphite electrode guard method
EP3657111A1 (en) * 2018-11-26 2020-05-27 SMS Group GmbH Method for repairing a used flushing body, a floor electrode and / or used lining of a metallurgical vessel

Cited By (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2597963A (en) * 1947-09-10 1952-05-27 Union Carbide & Carbon Corp Fluid impervious carbon article and method of making same
US2990351A (en) * 1948-03-01 1961-06-27 Manuel C Sanz Nuclear reactor element
US2636856A (en) * 1948-06-29 1953-04-28 Mallory & Co Inc P R Electrode for electrochemical oxidation
US2597964A (en) * 1951-11-09 1952-05-27 Union Carbide & Carbon Corp Fluid impervious carbon article and method of making same
US2836514A (en) * 1953-11-16 1958-05-27 Metallgesellschaft Ag Hard surface coated gear member
US2839426A (en) * 1954-01-21 1958-06-17 Union Carbide Corp Method of coating carbonaceous articles with silicon nitride
US2880552A (en) * 1954-08-16 1959-04-07 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Heat treatment of metal-coated glass fibers
US2864731A (en) * 1956-07-13 1958-12-16 David H Gurinsky Forming protective films on metal
US2926111A (en) * 1958-04-03 1960-02-23 Donald G Schweitzer Method of forming a protective coating on ferrous metal surfaces
US2960642A (en) * 1958-04-17 1960-11-15 Quartz & Silice S A Dielectric films and capacitors employing the same
US3151852A (en) * 1958-07-09 1964-10-06 Chrysler Corp Process for obtaining metal carbide coatings on base materials and metal carbide structures produced thereby
US3041260A (en) * 1958-12-31 1962-06-26 Walter V Goeddel Nuclear fuel material
US3073717A (en) * 1958-12-31 1963-01-15 Robert J Pyle Coated carbon element for use in nuclear reactors and the process of making the element
US3131089A (en) * 1961-01-25 1964-04-28 Union Carbide Corp Carbon article coated with boron carbide and boron nitride, and process of making the same
US4358506A (en) * 1980-06-09 1982-11-09 Josef Intrater Metal and carbon composites thereof
US4396677A (en) * 1980-10-24 1983-08-02 Josef Intrater Metal, carbon, carbide and other composites thereof
EP0067252A1 (en) * 1981-06-08 1982-12-22 Advanced Technology Inc. Metal, carbon, carbide and other compositions thereof, alloys and methods for preparing same
US5254359A (en) * 1989-06-02 1993-10-19 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Method of forming titanium nitride coatings on carbon/graphite substrates by electric arc thermal spray process using titanium feed wire and nitrogen as the atomizing gas
US5304417A (en) * 1989-06-02 1994-04-19 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Graphite/carbon articles for elevated temperature service and method of manufacture
US5352523A (en) * 1989-06-02 1994-10-04 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Graphite/carbon articles for elevated temperature service and method of manufacture
CN107043276A (en) * 2017-04-25 2017-08-15 攀钢集团研究院有限公司 A kind of graphite electrode guard method
CN107043276B (en) * 2017-04-25 2020-05-05 攀钢集团研究院有限公司 Graphite electrode protection method
EP3657111A1 (en) * 2018-11-26 2020-05-27 SMS Group GmbH Method for repairing a used flushing body, a floor electrode and / or used lining of a metallurgical vessel

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