US1098412A - Apparatus for generating gas. - Google Patents

Description

1:. D. SHAW.

APPARATUS FOR GENERATING GAS.

APPLVIQATION FILED FEB. 18, 1910.

Patented June 2, 19M.

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mauons n. snaw, or CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ass-roman 'ro straw nrnu ooiurauu, or

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APPARATUS FOR GENERATING GAS.

Specification of Letters Fatent.

Patented June 1914s.

Application filed February 1910. Serial No. 544,574.

full, clear, concise, and exact description,

reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification.

My invenfon relates to apparatus for generating gas and has particular reference to an apparatus used in connection with gen erating gas from liquid fuel.

In using liquid fuel it is often desirable in generating gas therefrom to produce a gas which will burn comparatively slowly so that a long and comparatively cool {iamc be obtained. This is particularly true in the case of continuous kilns, for which my apparatus is especially adapted. Moreover, it has been found that the sulfur which ordinarily is present in fuel oil exercises a deleterious influence on ceramic material which is to be burned, unless its influence is counter-acted in someway. I have found that by mixing a dilute solution of ammonium nitrate with the oil this result is accon'iplished. Although I prefer to use ammonium nitrate, I do not confine myself to the use of this salt, inasmuch as many others may be employed with good results. The presence of the ammonium nitrate or other salt which is used also facilitates the vitrifying action which takes place on the surface of ceramic material which is to be burned.

Not only may my gas generator be used in connection with burningceramic material in continuous kilns, but it is also well adapted for miscellaneous work oi many varieties. Que of the chief advantages is that a nut; ural draft is used for my gas. generator, and no special piping for compressed air or steam is required such as is employed in the ordinary and well known forms of oil burners.

These and other advantages of my invention will be more apparent by reference to the accompanying drawings which represent a preferred embodiment of my apparatus.

Figure 1 is a side elevation view showing a plurality of gas generators placed in position in the side of a kiln. Fig. 2 is a Sectional view on the line '2, 2 of Fig. 1.

The gas generator consists of a hollow cylinder or collar 1 provided with perforations for the admission of air. The upper end of the cylinder 1 is provided with the flange 3, which acts as a'supporting means for the cylinder. Below the lower edge of the cylinder 1 is placed the pan 4 having a flaring edge l a space being left between the lower edge of the cylinder 1 and the pan 4L so that air may be readily admitted.

A gradually curved pipe 5 provided with the funnel .6 leads through the cylinder 1 and acts asa means of conducting the fuel to the pan l. Liquid fuelmay preferably be supplied from a main fuel pipe 7 which is provided with the pipe 8 having the valve 9, this pipe 8 leading to the funnel 6. A second main pipe 10 is provided with a dilute solution of ammonium nitrate from the supply tank 11, the pipe 12 leading from this supply tank to the main pipe 10. The strength of the solution of ammonium nitrate which is used may be varied within wide limits, but I find that a solution made by dissolving approximately half a pound of ammonium nitrate in a barrel of water gives excellent results. A pipe 13 provided with a valve 14 leads from the main pipe 10 to the funnel 6.

As shown in the preferred embodiment 01': my invention illustrated in the accompanying drawings, the opening 15 connects the inside of the hollow cylinder 1 with the burning chamber 16, this burning chamber communicating through the port 17 with the main combustion chamber 18 of a kiln. The front of the burning chamber 14' is providcd with the wall 10 of lire brick in which is placed the brick 20 which may be removed as desired, and the hole which is thus formed may be used as a peep-hole.

The operation of my gas generator may now be readily understood. When the generator is started asbestos, waste or some similar material is soaked in oil and lighted in order to heat the pan 4-. After this pan has become sulliciently heated, the valve 9 is gradimlly opened and oil passes thr mgh the pipe 5 into the pan 4 in which it is immc' diately volatilized, passing upwardly through the hollow cylinder 1. and the opening or port 15 into the combustion cluuubcr 16. When the gas generator is well started, the

' excellent results.

; valve 14 is gradually opened and the soluchamber 21 which is directly open to the atmosphere. The draft which is formed in the main combustion chamber 18 of the kiln acting through the port 17 the burning chamber'l6 and the opening 15, causes air to be drawn through the perforations Q and between the lower edge of the cylinder 1 and the pan 4. This air has the effect of promoting the combustion of the gases which are formed by volatilization of the oil in the pan 4. As explained above, the rapidity of. combustion may be largely governed by the amount of ammonium nitrate solution which is mixed with the liquid fuel.

When my gas generator is used in con-' nection with other operations than the burning of ceramic material, the ammonium nitrate or other suitable salt may be left out of the solution and pure water may be mixed with the oil. The presence of ammonium nitrate or other similar salt is, of course, un-

necessary when it is not desired to have the,

hot gases facilitate the vitrifying of ceramic material or where sulfur has no deleterious effect-on the material which is to be'burned.

It will be evident that my gas generator may be used for a large variety of purposes,

and I do not mean to confine myself to any special application of either the generator or the process for generating gas, although for the sake of clearness I have described the, same as .used in QOllIlGQtlOIl with burning kilns.

What I claim as new is:

1. In combination, a body of masonry having in one side thereof a pocket exposed to the atmosphere and having a chamber above and communicating with sa d pocket,

said chamber being a combustion chamber and being open at the opposite side of said body, a pan on the floor of said pocket, a tubular member supported on the roof of said pocket and communicating with said.

chamber, and means for supplying fuel to said pan.

2. In combination, a1body of masonry having in one side thereof a pocket exposed tothe atmosphere and having a chamber above and-communicating with said pocket, said chamber being a combustion chamber and being open at the other side of said body, a pan on the floor of said pocket, a perforated tubular member supported on the roof of said pocketand communicating with said chamber, and a mechanism for {supplying fuel to said pan.

3. In combination, a body of masonry having in one side thereof a pocket exposed to the atmosphere and having a chamber above and communicating with said pocket,

said chamber being a combustion chamber.

and being open at the other side of said body, a receptacle on the floor of said pocket,

a perforated tubular member supported at the top of said pocket and communicating with said chamber, and apparatus for supplying fuel to-said receptacle.

4. In combination, a body of masonry having in one side thereof a pocket exposed to the atmosphere and having a chamber above and communicating with said pocket,

said chamber being a combustion chamber and being open at the other side of said 'body a receptacle on the floor of said pocket,

a perforated tubular member communicat 'ing with said chamber, said tubular member being supported by and under said chamber so that its lower edge projects below the top edge of the receptacle but does not engage the receptacle, and devices for supplying fuelto said receptacle.

In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my name this 15th day of February, A. 1)., 1910.

FRANCES D. SHAW.

Witnesses:

HENRY M. HUXLEY, LEONARD lV. NOVONDER.

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