US1097360A - Motor. - Google Patents

Description

G. E. PERRY.

MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED 0011.25, 1909.

1,097,360. Y Patented May 19, 1914 2 SHEETS-'SHEET l.

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G. E. PERRY.

MOTOR.

APPLIGATION FILED 00T.25, 1909.

1,0979360, Patented May 19, 1914.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

GEORGE ELLIOT PERRY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

MOTOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 19,- 1914.

Application led October 25, 1909. Serial No. 524,520.

.To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE ELLIOT PERRY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county f Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Motors, of which the following is a specication.

My invention relates to improvements iny electrically actuated motors, and more par-` ticularly to clock motors or other kindred appliances in which the power element of a transmitting device, such for instance as a timing train, is potentiated through the operation of an electro-responsive device, which may be controlled by the said transmitting device.

It will become apparent to those skilled in the art that the features and advantages of my inventio-n hereinafter described may be applied to dilferent electro-mechanical motors, but the same is herein shown as applied to what is commonly known as a self-winding clock motor.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is an elevation of the motor, unwound, with the electroresponsive device in cross section; Fig. 2 is a section on line 2,2 of Fig. 1, with the stationary contacts in elevation; Fig. 3 is a fragmentary view showing parts illust-rated in Fig. 1 in operating positions; Fig. l is a plan view; Fig. 5 is a section on line 5 5 of Fig. 4; and Fig. 6 is a detail of parts shown in Fig. 1, with the large ratchet wheel removed.

In the construction shown, 10 indicates a support which may be the face-plate of a clock, having mounted thereon a base plate, 11, carrying a suitable timing train, 12, in the form of any appropriate clock or watch movement, whereof 13 is one of the side plates and 14 is the main shaft or arbor to which power is applied for transmission to any suitably arranged hands, 15. The details of the clock train, escapem-ent mechanism, and the like, form no part of the present invention, and the particular construction shown typilies merely a power transmission device actuated by the shaft, 14.-.

A primary power element is provided in suitable association with the power transmission device, 12, to run the latter for a suitable relatively long period of time when properly potentiated, such primary power element in the present instance being in the form of a properly connected weight, 16, though an equivalent spring might be substituted therefor. But as, during what I may term the winding intervals, when the primary power element is being restored from the terminal limit of its power-applying movement to its initial or potentiated position, said primary power elementeXerts no moving force upon the train, I supplement the action of theprimary power element with that of a secondary power element, preferably potentiated by said primary power element and capable of acting upon the transmission device during the in'- terval of inactivity of the primary power element. A construction to this end Iwill now describe: The weight 16 is adjustably mounted upon a. lever, 17, as by engagement of a screw, 18, carried by the weight, with a slot, 19, in the lever, said lever being preferably arranged flatwise, and having at' its inner extremities down-turned ears, 20, having loose bearing upon the shaft, 14,1and' y preferably st-raddled apart as shown in Fig. 5. The lever 17 carries intermediate its ends, a pivoted, spring-pressed pawl, 22, adapted for coaction with a ratchet wheel 23, which is loosely mounted upon Vthe shaft 14 but has power-.applying connection with the shaft, preferably through the secondary power element to be described. For elf-ecting su'ch connection, asmall disk, 2-t,-is fixedly mounted upon the shaft- 14: and provided with a projecting stop linger 25, said disk having iixedthereto one end of a short curved leaf spring, 26; which, in the particular embodiment shown, constitutes the secondary power elements proper and the free end of which, extending relatively close in front of the stop linger, 25 receives in engagement therewith a pin, 277, carried by the ratchet 23. With respect to the spring 26, the ratchet 23 should at times act as a fixed abutment, so a spring-pressed pawl, 28, is provided upon the frame 13 for preventing reverse movement of thek ratchet 23.

In strength relation, the primary power element should be capable of potentiating the secondary power element for operation for a relatively short time, and in practice it is well to have the spring 26 of such proportion that the weight 16, acting on the ratchet 23, can move the ratchet forward one or more notches or teeth against the tension of the spring 26. Thus, it will be apparent that while the primary power element is operating the wheel, the spring 26 is simply a yielding-connection part between the ratchet 23 and the shaft 14, maintained under tension by the weight, but when the primary power element is disabled, as by disengagement of its pawl from the ratchet 23, the loose wheel 23, by its engagement with the pawl 28, becomes a fixed abutment for the spring 2G, which acts as a .power element for supplying power to the shaft 14 through the disk 24, fixed to the shaft. It is to be pre-- ferred, however, that the stop linger 25, which limits the throw of the spring 2G, be set back somewhat from the position which the pin ordinarily occupies, while maintaining the spring under its normal tension, so that thereby the spring 2G is enabled to operate as a yielding cushioning element. interposed between the primary power ele-ment andthe main shaft 14, so that if the weighted lever 17 is thrown to the top of its stroke with a quick action, to engage the ratchet wheel 23 with a noticeable shock, sucli shock is not imparted to the main shaft 14 but is cushioned by the spring 23. Any abnormal tension thus put upon the spring 2G is soon relieved however, as the shaft 14 moves forward in the operation of the mechanism.

For various reasons, it is advantageous to have accurately defined the precise point at which the primary power element will lose its operative engage-mont with the wheel 23, one such reason being that itis advantageous to let the weighted lever 17 take a sharpy gravity-impelled drop at the end of its downward movement for certain circuitclosing operations, and another reason being that it is important that the wheel 23 shall be in such relation to the pawl 2S that the sprinO' 2G is under tension when the disengagement and rewiiiding or upward movement of the weighted lever 17 occurs. F or accomplishing this determinate disconnection of the primary power clement from the ratchet 23 before the lever 17 has reached its lowest limit of movement, I loosely mount upon the shaft 14, close to the side plate 13 of the clock, a sector 30, angularly adjustable by means of a screw 31 set in the plate 13 and engaging an arcuate slot, 32, in the sector 30, said adjusting plate 30 having pivoted thereon a rotatable disk, 33, of such size that it projects slightly beyond the outermost points of the teeth-of the ratchet 28. The periphery of this disk, 33, is of course eccentric to the periphery of the ratchet 23, and, therefore, as the pawl 22 rides down upon the ratchet 23 it meets the eccentrically protruding periphery of the disk 23 and is pushed outwardly upon the tooth which it engages, until, at an accurately predetermined point, it passes beyond the end of the tooth and permits the weighted lever arm to fall freely. The parts are preferably so arranged that at the time this disengagement of the pawl from one tooth of the ratchet 23 occurs, the pawl 28 has just engaged a fresh tooth of the ratchet 23, so that the spring 2G is under substantially the maX- iinum tension which the mere weight of the primary power element can impart to it. Means, an embodiment of which will hereafter be described, are, of course, provided to restore the primary power element to raised position, but to aid in the sharp and snappy action of such restoring or potentiating parts and to prevent damage to the mechanism by the sharp dropping of the weighted lever 17, l provide a spring recoil construction herein shown as comprising a fiat leaf spring 35, mounted on a lateral extension, 17, of the arm 17, adapted to strike on and rebound from the stop pin 3G, protruding from the base 11.

The primary power element is arranged to be potentiated by an electro-responsive device, and is arranged, by its downward movement after completion of its clock-actuating function, to control the closing of the circuit for the electro-responsive device. Speciically, 40 indicates the electro-responsive device iii the form of an iron-clad solenoid, 41, provided with a vertically moving power plunger, 42, the magnet coil being arranged with one of its terminals, 41', for connection with the battery B, and the other terminal grounded to its metallic casing. A metallic cap, 43, covers the end of the magnet jacket, and is secured to the jacket, and to the supporting clip 44, by screws, 44. Said cap bears internally an insulating block, 45, carrying a pair of contacts, 4G-4G, one grouiidedto the cap 44, as by a screw 47, and the other insulated for connection, as by wire 47, with the remaining terminal of the battei'y, B. The plunger 42 has connected thereto, as by a lost-motion ball-and-socket joint, a stein or link 48, extending 'up through an opening 49 iii the cap for detachable connection, as by a pin 50, with sockets in the ends of a pair of companion rocking arms, 51, loosely mounted on the shaft 14 and spaced apart by a washer, 52, to form in effect a single lever. `The rocking levers 51 extend to the opposite side of the shaft 14 for presentation below the flat lever 17, and are arranged to be struck thereby in its descent, tlie arrangement being such that the lever 51, when elevated by depression of the plunger 42, to its lowest point, receives the weighted lever 17 in contact therewith just as the pawl 22 is tripped by the releasing disk 33, to lose engagement with ratchet 23, while the drop of the weighted lever from said point of release in the point where it is stopped by contact of the spring 85 with the pin 3G, is just suflicient to raise the plunger 42 to its upper limit of motion. rlhe stein 48 carries loosely mounted thereon for longitudinal lost motion a Contact head, 54, which normally rides on the top of the plunger 42 but may slip with respect to the stem' 48, to an extent limited by a pin, 55. The

.movab-le contact 54 has preferably a peripheral groove, 56, therein, which may receive in slightly gripping contact the heads of the switch springs 46. It will be seen that by the arrangement described, the rapid drop of the weighted lever 17, freed from the restraint of the Wheel 23, may forcibly lift the plunger 42 through the lever-andlink connection, 51, 48, carrying up with the plunger, the movable contact 54 for sharp quick closure for the switch 46H54, and that upon the return movement of the plunger under the influence of the energized solenoid the plunger may move an appreciable, determinate distance, permitting good saturation of the magnet core and plunger, overcoming the inertia of the weight 16 and giving momentum to the plunger before the pin 55, striking the movable contact 54, forces the latter to switch-opening position with a sharp impulsive movement.

Now, in rsum, assuming the parts all to be properly assembled, but with the clock run down or just ready to commence operation, the parts stand as shown in Fig. 1, wherein the weight 16 of the primary power element is dropped to its lowest limit, the forward end of lever 51 is depressed, the plunger 42 is elevated, and the contact head 54 is in switch-closing position, while the spring 26 of the secondary power element is freed ifrom tension, and the pawl 28 for said secondary power element engages a tooth of ratchet 23, marked with a star. If now, a battery be connected to the electro-responsive device, it energizes the magnet 41 through a circuit including the battery B, the closed switch 46-54, the grounded connections of the switch and coil, and return connections 47 from the coil to the battery, so that under the energization of the magnet, the plunger 42 descends. The movement of the plunger 42 is transmitted by the stem 48 to the lever 51, to throw the weighted lever 17 upward, the action being reinforced by the recoil of spring 35 from pin 36, and after the inertia of the weight 16 has been overcome and the plunger 42 is in rapid motion, the engagement of the pin 55 with the contact head 54 knocks the latter out of circuit-closing position between the contacts 46-46. When the plunger 42 reaches home, the momentum of the weight 16 causes it to overthrow, to some degree, away from the forward end of the lever 51, the arm 17 moving, however, only through an arc in a generally vertical plane, or one approximately bisected by the horizontal diameter of the wheel.

Then the weighted arm 17 reaches its upward limit of movement and its pawl 22 engages ratchet 23, the weight suddenly imposed upon the ratchet 23, loose on the shaft 14, turns the latter upon its shaft tot-he extent permitted by the yielding spring 26, interposed between the pin 27 on the ratchet and the disk 24 fast on the shaft, so that said spring 26 not only takes up the shock but is thereby put under tension, utilized when the spring is acting as a secondary power element. In Fig. 2, such potentiating operation is shown as having taken place, and, by way of example, the star-` marked tooth is shown as having advanced one step so that the pawl 28 engages the next tooth in rear thereof and the spring 26 is accordingly under tension, having moved from dotted-line position to the solid-line position. Now, the clock is wound and will run during the interval of time that it takes the weight 16 to descend to tripping position,-say 5 or 6 minutes. As the weight descends, it carries with it the ratchet 23, maintaining the spring 26 under a tension while it serves as the yielding motion-communicating connecting element between the weight 16 and the power shaft 14, and such coincident movement of the secondary power element with the primary power element under compulsion of the former continues until the tripping of the primary power element occurs. Now, as the weighted lever 17 descends its pawl 22 rides upon the idle eccentric disk 33, the eccentricity of which gradually forces the pawl'22 out of engagement with the ratchet 23 until a predetermined point is reached (determined by the adjustment of the disk 33 through variation in the position of its mounting 30), when the pawl is pushed clear out of engagement with the ratchet at a movement just succeeding the period when the pawl 28 has engaged a fresh tooth upon the wheel 23. This tripping of the primary power element frees the weighted lever 17 to drop unrestrainedly until stopped by its returning means, but during the interval between t-he tripping Vaction and the time when thev weight has been restored to its initial position and is again acting as a power element for the translating device,-an interval of which a considerable component is the time of movement of the lever while below the tripping point-the secondary power element exercises its power-supplying function. The pawl 28, which prevents reverse movement of the wheel 23, occasions said ratchet 23 to act as a fixed abutment for the spring 26, engaging the pin 27 upon said ratchet, so that the tension of said spring 26 is exerted upon the disk 24 fast o-n shaft 14 to rotate said shaft in a forward direction during the brief interval of functional inactivity of the primary power element.

The free gravitational descent of the primary power element heretofore adverted to, throws its weight sharply upon the rocking lever 51, which pulls the plunger stem 48L and with it the plunger 42, carrying the contact head 54, until the contact head rises into operative position connecting the switch spring 4:6, the tongues of which engage in the groove 5G of said contact head to prevent disengagement of the latter save by a comparatively sharp pull. This closure of the circuit for the solenoid is accomplished just about at the end of the downward drop of the weighted lever 17, when its spring 35 strikes upon the stop pin 36 and it is put under tension so that the recoil of the spring 35 is in harmony with the pull of the electroniagnet to start the weight 16 on its upward movement. Thus, the spring 35 and the electromagnet jointly act to cause the restoration of the primary power element to potentiated position, and the rengagement of wheel 23 by the pawl 22 of the primary power element restores to the secondary power element the tension it has lost, so that a complete cycle ofoperations is nished which will continue to be reenacted as long as electric energy is supplied to the electroresponsive means.

It will be observed that during the interval that the primary power element is operating as the actuator for the clock train or power transmitting device, it is flreev from the switching mechanism and physically untrammeled thereby, and conversely, that when operating on the switching devices, subsequent to its disengagement from the ratchet, it is untrammeled by the train. This independent succession of functions makes both for accuracy in timing and eiiiciency in switch-closing, as has been briefly suggested.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the apparatus which I have herein described embodies in combinative relation various features o-f independent appli'- cability and inherent usefulness which may be otherwise applied than to a specific construction like that described, and that the particular embodiment shown is designed for and attains economy and simplicity of construction, durability, and certainty of operation. It will be understood, therefore, that I do not intend to limit my present invention to the particular construction shown but have illustrated in the accompanying drawings a self-winding clock motor as one operative embodiment thereof.

lVhat I claim is:

1. The combination of a power transmitting device, a movable power element therefor' restrained by said power transmitting device, an electro-responsive. device for potentiating said power element, and means for automatically releasing said power element from restraint of said power transmit-- ting device between the limits of powersupplying movement of said power element.

2. 4The combination of a power transmitt-ing device, a power element therefor normally restrained in its movement by said power transmitting device, an electro-responsive device for potentiating said power element, a switch controlling said electroresponsive device arranged for closure through the agency of the power element, and means for freeing said power element from restraint of the power transmitting device before it reaches switch-closing position for the application of its full power to the switch-closing operation.

3. The combination of a power transmitting device having a power shaft and a ratchet connected therewith, a power element therefor providing a pawl cooperating with said ratchet for restraint of the power elementV by the power transmitting device, an electro-responsive device for potentiating the power element, a switch for said electroresponsive device controlled by said power element, and means for freeing the pawl of said power element from its ratchet before it reaches switch-closing position for free application of power to the switch-closing movement.

t. The combination of a power transmitting device, comprising a ratchet and shaft therefor, a power element comprising a lever loosely mounted concentrically with said shaft, and a pawl on said lever for connection with said ratchet, means for automatically moving said lever to power-applying position, and means for automatically moving said pawl out of engagement with the ratchet between the ends of its power movement comprising a disk eccentric to said ratchet.

5. The combination of a power transmitting device, a power element therefor normally restrained in movement thereby, an electro-responsive device for potentiating the power element, means for freeing the power element from restraint of the power transmitting device between its limits of movement, and mechanical recoil-means for tending to return the power element from its limit of free movement to potentiated position.

G. The combination ofa power transmitting device, a power element therefor comprising a weighted lever normally restrained in movement by said power transmitting device; an electro-responsive device for elevating said lever, means for freeing said lever from control of the power transmitting device before it reaches its lower limit of movement, and a recoil spring for operating on said weighted lever at its lower limit of movement.

7. The combination of a power transmitting device, a power element therefor, normally restrained in movement by said power transmitting device, an electro-responsive device for potentiating said power element, a

switch for said electro-responsive device, means for freeing said power element from restraint by t-he power transmitting device,

sponsive device arranged to maintain saidA switch closed for a determinate portion of such movement.

8. The combination of a power-transmitting device, a primary power element comprising a part movable in one direction for applying power to the transmitting device and in anotheredirection for potentiation; means to free said primary power element from said transmitting device before the end of its movement in the first said direction; means controlled by the primary power element during said free movement in the first direction to potentiate said primary power element, and a secondary power element for applying power to said transmitting device during said free movement in the first direction and during said potentiating movement in the second direction.

9. The combination of a power-transmitting device, a primary power element comprising a part movable in one direction for applying power to the transmitting device and in another direction for potentiation; means to free said primary power element from said transmitting device before the end of its movement in the first said direction; means, controlled by the primary power element during said free movement thereof in the first direction, to potentiate said primary power element; and a secondary power element, potentiated by said primary power el'ement during the power-applying movement thereof, for applying power to said transmitting device during said free movement in the first direction and during said potentiating movement in the second direction.

10. The combination of a power transmitting device, comprising a shaft, a ratchetloose upon said shaft, a primary power element including a lever, a pawl connecting said lever with said ratchet, and means for imparting power-applying movement to said lever, a spring connection between said ratchet and the shaft, a holding pawl for said ratchet, and means for d-isengaging from the ratchet the pawl connection with the lever, said means being arranged for operation when the holding pawl positions the ratchet for exertion of the tension of said spring between said ratchet and the shaft.

11. The combination of a shaft, a ratchet thereon, a power-applying lever, a pawl connecting said lever with the ratchet, and a disk rotatably mounted eccentrically to the ratchet, projecting beyond the teeth of the ratchet to move said pawl out of engagement with the ratchet at a predetermined point in the lever movement.

12. The combination of a shaft, a ratchet thereon, a power lever for said ratchet, a pawl carried by the lever for engaging said ratchet, a rotatable disk eccentric to the ratchet projting therefrom in the path of movement of the pawl to disengage the pawl from the ratchet, a carriage for the disk and means for adjustingV said carriage to vary the presentation ofthe disk relative to the ratchet.

13. The combination of a power transmitting means, a power element therefor, an electro-responsive device for potentiating said power element comprising a plunger magnet, a casingk therefor providing a dctachable cap, switch forks in said cap, a stem for the magnet plunger projecting through the cap, a movable contact mounted on said stem for free longitudinal lost motion to a limited degree, said movable contact and forks being correlated for retention of said movable contacts in switch-closing position to the extent permitted by said lost motion.

14. The combination of a power transmitting device, a power element therefor and potentiating means for said power element controlled by said power element, said power element being arranged to affect the transmitting device and the potentiating means at different periods in its cycle of operations, each untrammeled by connection with the other.

15. The combination of a power transmitting device, a power element therefor comprising a weight, means for raising said weight to potentiate it, means for releasing said weight near the downward limit of its movement, and a spring cooperating with the raising means to lift the weight.

In testimony whereof I hereunto set my hand in the presence of two witnesses.

W. LINN ALLEN, MARY F. ALLEN.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. C.

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