US1096094A - Internal-combustion engine. - Google Patents

Description

E. M. BOURNONVILLE. -INTERNAL GOMBUSTION ENGINE. APPLIoATIoN FILED FBB.14 1912.

1,096,094. y Patented May 12, 1914.

lF. M. BOURNONVILLE. INTERNAL ooMBUsTIoN ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB.14, 1912.

Patented May 12, 1914.

2 SHEETS-SHEET Z.

/Nl/EA/TOH ATTRN GEMM@ ST//lin To all whom it may concern:

EUGENE nt. BoUENoNvILLE, oEJEnsEY CITY, NEW JERSEY.'

INTERNAL-comBUsTIoN ENGINE.

' Speeication of Letters Patent.

Application tiled February 14, 1912. SerialNo. 677,535. l

ratentediiay 12, 1914.

Beit known that I, EUGENE M. BoUnNoN- viLLE, a citizen of the United States, and resident of Jersey City, in the county of Hudson and State `of New Jersey, have 1n- 'vented certain new and useful Improvements in Internal-Combustion Engines, of

which the following is a specification.

The general object of the invention is to provideceitain improvements, more particularly for engines .of the four cycle type, tending to simplify4 and cheapen the construction and improve the operation thereof.

The invention relates more particularly to v those provisions in internal combustion engines that admit the fresh charges to the cyllnders and permit the removal of the burned or vexhaust gases, .the object being to rovide improved valve structures, capable o operation by simple means, whereby. exact and noiseless functioning is secured, durability is increased, may be reduced. n

A valve structure is employed comprising tubular intake and tubular exhaust conduits with ports, inside a casingI communicating with the cylinders. By utilizing movable conduits as a valve, and moreparticularly when such conduit valve is. rotated to open and close the ports at the proper times, very desirable resultsmay be secured. By proplerly lubricating the surfaces ofthe relatively moving parts, so as to preserve a film of oil therebetween, and, in the case -of'tle yexhaust conduit, by the employment of coollng or heat-1'ion-conducting provisions to'avoid material relative expansion of the casing and outerpart ofy the valve, a nice fit without sticking is insured. Thevintake and exhaust conduits are combined in one structure, the exhaust conduit being inside the intake 'conduit; In this way thegases in the intake conduit serve to keep the outer wall of the valve comparatively cool, by preventing or minimizing the transmission of heat from the inner to the outer tubes. In addition to this, means are interposed between the conduits, as for example, a gas or air space, which not only contributes to preventing overheating of the outer wall of the valve but also guards against overheating of the intake gases. The intake-gases pass from the l. interior ofthe outer or intake conduit of thevalve through ports spaced apart longitudinally of the valve and formed directly and cost,` both initial and upkeep,

the casing, and havin *or connectlons for-the uids or gaseous mixthrough the outer part thereof in positions to register with the cylinder ports at the proper times. The fresh gases areadmitted to the intake conduit or space of the valve through the sides thereof at a point or ent combinations thereof. These andother features of the invention will now be more particularly described, with reference tothe preferred and illustra-tive for'm of construction shown in the accompanying drawings.`

In the said drawings: Figure 1 is a vert-ical longitudinal section through a two cylinder engine having a combined intake and exhaust valve comprising tubular conduits; Fig.v 2 is a vertical transverse section of a cylinder and the valve in its casing, the

cylinder being about to take in a new charge; and Fig. 3 is a similar view, the cylinder being about to exhaust.

The engine may comprise any suitable number of cylinders and pistons, of any suitable construction. Preferably the cylinders are disposed parallel.

The cylinders herein shown are designated.A 1, the pistons 2 and the crank shaft- 3. The' cylinders are provided at the top with poi-ts Y.

4, tliere preferably'being a single 'portifor each cylinder. The illustrative construction hereinshown employs a rotary, cylindrical, combined intakeand exhaust valve, designated 12, which fits inside a cylindrical valve casing 5 disposed longitudinally and preferably centrally over the tops of the cylinders.Y The casing 5 may be castwith the cylinders 1, o'r the casing may be formed and secured to thecylind'ers in any suitable manner. The casing is preferably directly over or in contact .with the Water-jackets, for

cooling. The end plates?, S'of the casing 5 may be -formed,separately andv bolted thereon as shown. Inlet and dischargemeans are provided. Preferably, the inlet -means includes an annular. enlargement or chamber 9, extending a greater or less distance around an inlet connection ture. An inlet connection lO is shown, which is designed to communicate with a carbureter (not shown). There irray be any suitable number of inlets, 9, 10; and theyy be nearer to or more remote from the.

cyliiider ports 4. The discharge means preferably leads from one end of the cylindrical casing 5. For this purpose a pipe or conduit 11 may be formed-on or secured to the plate rounds the exhaust conduit. The intake conduit communicates with the inlet ring 9 by any suitable number of apertures 15 through the outer side wall of the valve. lt also has ports or openings 16 through the outer side wall of the valve, these ports being positioned to register with the cylinder ports 4 at the proper times. The exhaust conduit 14 is provided with radial ports or passages 17, one for each cylinder, disposed in circumferential alinement with the ports 16, and positioned so as to register with the cylinder ports 4 at the proper times. The ports or passages 17 extend throu h the annular intake gas space 13, and pre erably constitute the means for securing the inner and outer parts oi the compound valve together. One end of the exhaust conduit 14 of the valve is shown closed and theother end open and projecting into the discharge passage 11. Suitable'means are provided for insuring a tight joint between the intake and exhaust, gases.

@lling means, indicated kvat 18', are pro# vided for supplying` a 4film of' oil betweenv the side Walls of the casing 5 Vandfthe rotary valve, ytherebyl guarding against sticking shaft, or it Imay Ibe a. bevel gear., confl nectedl with 'the crank shaft by means of 'aufintermlediate shaft withbevel gears f meshing therewith and with a bevel gear ony the crank shaft. lnany case the gearing issuch lthatthe valve is driven in proper ratio tofthecrank shaft. lt'willbe a simple matter to adjust the ldriving connection in such manner that the operation of the valve is timed exactly in accordance with the positions of the cranks.

Heat-insulating means arc preferably provided bet-ween the intake and exhaust conduits 13 and 14. In the particular consti'uction illustrated an annular air or gas cliainber 2l extending substantially the full length ot the valve is shown separating the tiro conduits. the central part or tube of the valve being preferably double-walled for this purpose. The inner and outer parts of the valve should be so connected thatthe expansion ot the inner part oi parts Will notI cause breakage. The particular pretei-red construction shown will be detailed hereinafter.

The f operation will now be briefly described. Tlie intakeconduit or gas space 13 is always in communication with the carbureter. As the piston in any cylinder commences its suction stroke. the corresponding` port 16 begins to communicate with the port 4, and the area of communication increases as the piston travels more rapidly, until the ports are iii full register when the piston has completed half its stroke. Thereafter, the area of communication between the ports 16 and 4 decreases, as the speed of the piston grows slower, until the communication is entirely cut oil when the piston has reached the end of its stroke. The port 4 is now closed by the blank wall of the rotary valve. The piston now executes its compression stroke,P the charge is ignited, and the piston performs its working stroke, the port 4 stillbeing closed by the blank wall ofthe valve. A As the piston startsupward on its scavenging s` troke,`the portl 17 commences to register with the port 4, and

, comes into full registry, and then' progressively'cuts oft', yas the piston reachesunid- Y. posit-ion and then approaches the end of itsv stroke.' lThe burnt gases are thus driven through the port 17 into the exhaust conduit 14, whence they are discharged through .the mufiler vor into the air as the case may be..

its 'A iie The outer wall of the yvalve is kept cooll by"4 means of the intake gases in the conduitor space 13 surroundin the exhaust conduit.

4t proper degree of insulation between the` inner and outer ports of the valve insures f that the outer wall thereof will not expand j more than the valvevcasing, orto so slight a degree that there will be no danger ot sticking in the casing; it also guards against V overheating of the intake gases.

L The inlet 9, 15 to theintake space `13 of t thefvalve is at the side ofthe valveand located between the ports 16, which admit iai" "the fresh gases to the cylinders. Coiise- *i quently, the flow of freshigases inthe intake conduit alternates'to left and right, accord-y *i ing asone port 16 or the other communicates with the corresponding cylinder port. In

45 of the valve. While the' tubes 29 forming;

distributed around t-he exhaust conduit, is

desirable as promoting to some degree tlie uniformity of conditions.v It will be obvious that these principles ofconstruction are just as applicable to an engine having four or any number of cylinders, as to one having ,'two.- In fact, two cylinders are shown merely for simplicity.

The manner of making the combined valve 12 may be widely, varied. The outer part or tube of the valve is preferably a casting 22' open at itsends and provided with internal end flanges23. The inner tubular structure is .preferably made of seam-less tub` ing. The conduit 14 is' shown as formed of two tubes 24 placed end to end, with a suitable space between their ends to allowv'for longitudinal expansion. may be inclosed in a sleeve 25, also of tubing. The closed end wall 26 of the conduit 14e' is preferably a circular plate Welded around its periphery to the end of the tube 24. The tube 27, affording the'air or gas chamber 21, lis shoivn secured to the tubes 24, and holding the latter in proper're'lation, by means of rings 28, which are welded to-the tubes 27 and 24. The tubes 29 which form ports or passages 17, and which secure the inner and Vouter parts of the value together, are pref. erably welded-to thetuhes 24 and 27, and are screwed into tapped openings in the outer wall 22. The screw connections between the radial tubes 29 and the outer part 22 of theA valve afford enough play to allow for the .slight radial movementfof the .tubes 29 due to the expansion of the heated'central part the passages 17 are shown integral, they may be made of two pieces which are welded toget-her during the operation of assembling, as on` the transverse dotted lines 34. Clearance is`provided, as shown, at the righthand end ofthe inner part of the valve,l to allow for longitudinal expansion. At the left-hand end, packing 30 is'4 interposed be-V .55 tween the ring 28 and a flange ring 31 bolted to the'ilange of the outer part 22,0f the valve. This packing affords a tight joint at this place, while permitting the necessary longitudinal expansion movement.

3 2 is a separate ring, somewhat thicker than the flange ring 31. interposed between the ange'23 and the plate 8, and acting as an end thrust bearing. Theshaft 19 is shown as formed on a plate or disk 33 bolted to the'right-hand ange 23,.

Their inner ends While the foregoing lspecificletails ofV conbe understood that numerous other forms may be'pi'oduced accomplishing the saine re sults by equivalent means An obvious expedient to compensate for wear andy secure a propell fit at all times between the valve and valve casing would be to split the latter longitudinally and to draw its edges together against shinis by means of bolts. s

What I claim as 'new is: 1. ln an internal combustion engine, the

struction are regarded as desirable, it willy y combination with`a plurality `of cylinders K' and pistons therein, and a valve casing, of a rotary tubular valve 1n said casing embodying a longitudinal exhaust conduit surrounded and ]acketed by a longitudinal intake conduit, both conduits having ports for conimimic'ating with the interiors of the c vlinders at the proper times, the exit ports` of the intake conduit being spaced apart longitudina-lly of the valve and affording direct passage lfor the charges through the outer part of the valve from the interior of said conduit' to the cylinders, said intake conduit having an inlet for fresh gases through the side of the valve and intermediate the said exit ports. f

2. In an internal combustion engine, a tubular cylindrical valve embodying an exhaust conduit surrounded and jacketed by an intake conduit` with heat-insulating means between, said conduits being provided re-, --spectively with discharge and lnlet means,

and both having ports for communicating with the interior of the cylinder at the proper times. l

3. lA tubular valve for internal combiistion engines comprising a tubular exhaust conduit having double walls spaced apart to afford a heat-insulating chamber, the inner wall iny contact vwith the' hot gases being transversely severed to permit of expansion and contraction.

4'. A tubularvalve for internal-combustion engines comprising a tubular exhaust conduit having double walls spaced apart to afford a heat-insulating chamber, the inner wall in contact with the hot4 ases being transversely severed to fpermit o expansion andcontraotion, anda sleevetting over the severed portion of said inner wall.

5. A tubular combined intake and exhaust valve com rising'concentric intake and exhaust con nits, the exhaust conduit being surrounded by the intake passage and having double spaced walls affording a chamber to prevent overheating. of the intake gases. y .i

6. In an internal combustioii-r engine, a cylindrical tubular valve combining intake and exhaust and comprising inner and outer conduits,' the exhaustl condu'it being sur rounded and jacketed by the intalte conduit,

one having discharge'means'and the other inlet means, the :out-er conduit having lateral ports for communicating with the cylinder or cylinders, and tubes connecting the conduits and having provision for radial play so' as to allow for radial expansion movements, said tubes affording communication between'the inner conduit and the cylinders at the proper times.

7. A tubular combinedl intake and exhaust valve comprising an exhaust conduit and an intake conduit surrounding the exhaust conduit, `and radial tubes for admitting the exhaust gases to the" exhaust conduit, said tubes being/Welded to the wall of the exhaust conduitnand screwed to the wall of the intake conduit.,. y

8. A tubular combined intake and exhaust -valve comprising an exhaust conduit and4 an intake conduit surrounding the exhaustecondut, and radial tubes for admitting the exhaust gases to the exhaust conduit, said'tube's being welded to the`wall of the exhaust conduit and screwed to thevwall oi* the intake conduit and being formed of two tubularsections with their ends welded together. f

9. Ina valve for-internal combustion en gines, the combination with a tubularfinclosing part provided with a lateral `port or ports, of a 4combined intake and exhaust structure movable therein and having laterallyfported longitudinal intake and ex-V haust passages, one surrounded by the other, means between said passages to retard the transfer of kheat from the exhaust passage to the intake passage.

10. A rotary valve for internal Vcombustion engines, comprisinga cylindrical body `havinga central|` exhaustjchamberfopen at one end and closedat the other end-,and also having a laterally open port, the valve bodyV also having :an inlet chamber surrounding the'exhaust -chamber and openingl throughr .one end of the valve body, and ,said body nesses.

also having an air chamber intermediate the exhaust and inlet chambers.

1l. A rotary valve for internal combustion engines, said valve having a central ex haust chamber, and a plurality of other chambers between the exhaust chamber and the outer wall of they valve, the walls of said chambers being rigidly `connected to form a single rotatable valve bowdy.

12. A rotary valve fr internal combustion'engines, comprising "la rotary cylindrical body having a. central exhaust chamber open at one end, an admission chamber surrounding the exhaust chamber and open at the opposite end, andan air chamber intermediate thel exhaust andy admission chambers.

v 13. In valve mechanism for internal cornbusti'on engines, the combination with a pair of 4engine cylinders, of a fixed valve-seating cylinder communicating with an admission chamber, and also with an o'take, and having a' port leading to veach of the engine cylinders, and a rotary valve in said valve-seat ing cylinder, said valve having concentric walls forming an inlet chamber having ports I adapted to be alternately brought into register with the ports leading to the engine cylinders, the valve also having a central exhaust chamber surrounded by the inlet chamber and communicating with the 6H"- take and having ports adapted to be brought into register with the port leading to either engine cylinder, and there being in addition 'to the inlet/and exhaust chambers an air chamber intermediatethe exhaust and the. outer walls .of the valve.

In witnessy whereof I have signd my i name in the presence of two subscribing wit- M. BOUJRNONVILLE.'

Witnesses: y

LOUELLA FJLITTLE,

J.' F. BRANDENBURG;

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