US1094482A - Art of knitting ribbed fabrics. - Google Patents

Description

R. W. SGQTT TTING- BIBBED EABRIGS.

0A FILED $22129. 1913.

ART OF APPLI Patented 28, 1914.

SHEET 1.

Apr.

3 SHEETS LOQ EAQ;

R. W. SCOTT. ART OF KNITTING RIBBED mamas. APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 29, 1913 R, ART OF xmwma FABRICS. APPLICATION FILED 29. 1913.

' Patentefi Apr. 28, 191%.

a ric under conditions imposing a To all whom it mayconccrn UNITED. snares. airmen;

nonnn'r w. score, on nos'rom massaoneosnrrs.

. j ART- or. m ma Bunsen-nannies.

Soorr, a citizen of the United States, and aresident of Boston, inthe county of' Suffolk and State .of Massachusetts, have invented a new Be it known that I, ROBERT W.

. and'useful Art of Knitting Ribbed Fabrics,

of which the following is a specification.-

An object of my invention is to improve the mode of forming rib webs, for the puris a vertical radial section through the cylinpose of insuring the formation of the .fab-

creased strain on the yarn forme loops, my invention havlng special value for use in the production of knit webs of fine or coarse gage in-which areemployed.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 light and delicate yarns der and dial-of a, rib knitting machine of a usual type, given as one instance only of a device upon which my method may be practised; Fig. 2 is an underplan of the dial cam cap of such a machine equipped with cams in aid of the performance of operations corresponding to my method; Fig. 3 is a development of the cam cylinder showing the knitting cams for the cylinder needles of such a machine; Fig. 4 is an enlarged sec-.-

tion corresponding to Fig. 1 showing, the relation of the. needles and the yarn during the-knitting of a stitch by thedialat one of the knitting points; Fig.5 is a plan of aportion to each other and illustratin tion of the dial needles showing their relathe coaction of the needles and yarn; F 1g. 6 is a perspective view in the nature of a diagram showing the forming edge of a fabric under construction accordin to my method.

The knitting .or rig webs, essentially reuiring the systematic drawing of loops of the course at theedge of the fabric through previous loops in alternate wales, orgroups of wales, respectively faces of the fabric, is usually carried out upon instruments or machines comprising two series of hooked instruments; which V conveniently may be latch needles, cooperating with each other to engage the new yarn and 'draw it throu h the old loops. De-

pending upon the c oice of instruments ormachines, such needles may be fixed in a bar or carrier, or independently movable in succession with respect to the yarn and their carrier, in either case to perform the stated operation u eatly deinto knit .ingithen' retracted to a point distance to which said run of the knocking over drawn to opposite.

Specifiwtioni 6f t rsfl Patented Apr. 28, 1914. Original application fi le'flay 7; 1918, Serial No. 166,082. Divided I Serial 1%: 792,815;

and this application filed September movement 0? engaged by them.

In cases where the primary action the secondary action of the other set, difiiculty is experienced in knocking the old loo s carried-by the'secondary needles over t 'e new loops of yarn which have just been inrib fabric is formedbyon the yarn. by the relative the nstruments and the yarn T of one set of needles, and

troduced into the book's of=said needles. In Y all independent needle rib knittin machines with which I am familiar, or instance, the needles are actuated in a successive order with-respect to their carriers,

one set- (that of either carrier, which may be termed primary needles their stitches, theintervening yarn being laid over the needles of the' other carrier, termed secondaryneedles, and

at which the hook of the needle is well within the verge' or edge of its carrier-before the knocking over of the old loop, which knocking over 1s accomplished bythe combined action of the take-up strain upon the fabric, and the reaction ofthe verge or edge of the carrier or instruments at said, verge, upon the said. loop, tending to prevent it from following the moving, needle." 'But the movin secondary needle engages its new yarn 111 .the middle ofa run thereofextendingbetween two adjacentprimary loops, in which it is locked and by the distance between which the extent of said yarn is measured. The

yarn may be moved away from the line determined by the surface on which the primary needles operate is thus limited, and 1n order to move the secondary needle sufiiciently far to cause of its previous loop a dangerous strain is always more 'or lesspresent 1n ribbed webs roduced upon instruments so operated. n fine gage machines,

first drawing the latter bein which the/distance between two adjacent primary needles is often less thanone-six- 1 P teenth of an inch, this-damage often amounts to'a serious loss of tensile strength, and in webs of any gage, its influence u on the selection of yarns capable of being it is well marked'.-' V

In the operation. of'a prior art machine, for instance such a machine as an independent needle cylinder and dial machine of the typeshown in the present drawings, th

', spectto the specti've carriers to clear be simultaneous),

. cylinder short interval.

needles of both 3 will be actuated to advance them with" reverge or edge of their said retheir loops behind their latches, to then engage the new. yarn in their hooks (which said operations may and then the needles of one of the carriers only will be withdrawn into' that carrier to draw the old loop through the new loop, a similar operation upon the other carrier following within a The needles of-the first carrier to knit are hereinafter referred to 'as primary nee les and of the second carrier to knit as secondary needles.

Referring 'now to Fig. 5, the cylinder needles or having taken the yarn Y, for instance, will all be actuated at w to knit one face of the fabric. The needles a; ofthe primary carrier having knit, the yarns extending'between the knit loopsof adjacent needles or groups of needles of said primary carrier will be engaged by the hooks of the, advanced needles of said secondary carrier, and it will then become necessary for the needles of the secondary carrier to so perform their operationsfia'sf. to draw the yarn so engaged into loops-of proper length for the secondary j face of. fabric by a penetrating movement through the old loops engaged upon their shanks. The minimum movement possible for this purpose 'of pulling the new loop through the old loop (which may be stated with the same meaning as knocking the old. loop over the head of the needle on to the new loop) must be made with respect to the fixed line of primary needles, and necessarily is of a dimension sufficient to place. the yarn runs 1' now held in the book of asecondary I (dial) needle and-engaged' at its ends with loops reatv held ,on the cylinder needles under strain. The farther the secondary needle is compelled to move before its loop is knocked over, the greater becomes the strain. .The

mafor the between the forming 'abric, for instance,

'v .of the secondary carrier any farther toward the surface occupied by the primary needles. I a

I have described one wayof overcoming the above difficulties in my Patent No.

' 1,070,191, dated August 12, 1913, which discloses the device of separate instruments for the needles of the secondary carrier, to en'- gage the old loops of that face of the fabric by said instruments, and to positively move the said loops with respect to their needles, to secure knocking over with respect to runs of yarn, the strain on which has been relieved by the release of the primary needles from the cylinder 2 and-the dial the the dial 3, will prevent the moving of theknocking-over verge or edge their stitch-drawing position.

'My present method constitutes another way of accomplishing the same ends. e

I have devised a, new order of performing the operations resulting in the decrease of eration of the said old instruments, which new order Wlllpermit the use of scribed old instruments. This method when may comprise the steps of feeding the yarn to the primary needles, knitting one face of the fabric with the primary needles, -releas ing the yarn engaged by the primary needles (exceptso much thereof as is necessarytoass around the thin metal of the hook of the needle) drawing the yarn between some of said primary needles only throu h the old loops hanging upon the 'secon ary needles '(to' knit in some wales only of the other or secondary face of the fabric); relaxing the tension upon the secondary loops so drawn, I

pleting the secondary knitting by drawing tween the primary needles through the old loops of the remaining wales of the other or secondary face. movements of-the instruments as to cause these operations formed with respect to yarns released an free for this purpose, each secondary needle being given yarn from an adjacent needle not yet retracted and from the previously knit loop or loops near it, sufficient to enable it to make the long movement necessary for knocking over an old loop, and a long loop formed by'said needle being in turn released, to be shortened by the long movement of an adjoining needle. It will be understood, however, that-the same order of steps may well be performed by method. For instance, the rowsof ad acent each other, while the individual instruments may either be movable independently, or fixed with respect to each other. .In the latter case instruments may. be provided -relaneedles, for manipulation the yarn upoirsaid needles for rib knitting, such asare usually employed in a straight bar or Cotton-type rib knitting machine, I have, however, for convenience described my method in connection with the operation of the c 'lllldel and dial machine above rethe strain placed upon' the yarn by the opthe ,de'

carried out upon the said old instruments to be successively per-- tively, movable with respect to said fixedor movement of intervening and thereafter comthe remaining runs of yarn intervening be- I may so order the moving the yarn loops 4 with respect to-relatively fixed needles, the

those parts of the needles or instruments instruments or needles may best mounted as r to have relative movement with respect toferred to, which forms the subject of my application Serial No. 766,092, filed May 7, 1913, of which this application is a division.

Referring now to Figs. 1 and 4, in order to practise m invention upon such a cylinder and dia knitting machine, I may divide the secondary needles, shown as the dial needles, into two intercalatcd sets, which may comprise alternate needles or groups of needles 3 and'y' having their butts at different distances from their hooks to enable independent actuation thereof. As shown the long needles y for thedial may "'havetheir operating butts sufiicientlyinward of those of the short needles ytoen'-' spect to the usual yarn feed and latch guard mary 100 (not shown) which thereafter prevents said latches from closing until the needles are retracted for knitting. Said cam grooves will at a farther point present maximum advancing points 8, for instance upon the radialplane C, Figs. 2 and 3. Cooper-at ing with the dial cam 8, thecylinder willpresent an advancing cam 9. Yarn may be fed at the plane C. The cylinder needles are immediately actuated to knit with respect to'the advanced dial needles, by the cylinder stitch cam 10, which may as usual he formed as a triangular body, vertically adjustable as by the usual screw and slot adjustment shown at 11- to vary the length of the pridrawn by said cam 10 with respect'to t e 'dialneedles y and g, which now rest with their latches open and their heads beyond the line of cylinder needles, .at the circumferential parts of the camgrooves at and ,6, shown at 12, 12 Fig. 2. The cylinder needless; havin knit, they are immediately advanced by the cam 13 to the position shown in Fig. 4 to pay back or release the yarn. drawn by their stitch forming move- ?ment. '1 1e upper extent of the movement,

i gas t v which is not alone dependent upon the cam 13 forpositively be caused by the strain ut upon the yarn by'movementof the dial needles, although ive it by the cam 13, is limited by .theguaed cam 14, which may be vertically adjustable by means similar to the adjusting screw 11. Immediately upon the attainment of the position shown in Fig. 4 by the needles w,'I now actuate one set "of the'dial needles, shownas the needlesy, to perform their knitting movement, and for this purpose provide an adjustable stitch -ca1 n15 havin its maximum withdrawal Joint on the plane of Figs. 2, 3 and 5. Ootiperating with the stitch cam, the cam groove 6 4, I may provi ment the needles giving it, but may in part provides at the point. 16 a circumferential portion taking the needles 3 to a position in which their hooks are substantiallyin the line occupied by the hooks of the primary needles at this time, which'is the position shown for the needley in Fig. 4-. and at b in Fig. 5. The cylinder needles :0 and the dial needles have thus been brought into a position at which the minimum possible extent of am will'pass' through the old loops and t irough the respective hooks,dur-v i'ng the time of -thev stitch forming move-..

inent of the needley,

of the needle y and"thef needle rawhexi-in the position of dial loop through the old loop. Immediately followin e an advancing incline 17 cooperating with the needles y to advance them to the position shown at c, e,'-in Fi 5, that is to say, to a position at which t eir towhich enough yarn V has been released by the advanced positions p Fig. 4 to enable the "free re- 2, 1- cessio'n of said needle y to draw the new the cam 15 in the. groove hooks are substantially in line with or in I advance of the verge of their carrier, to re lease the strain 11 on the new yarn loop.- lily following, this move; 11 may be retracted tot" knock over their loops, for instance b the v During, or prefera dam 18, which -may be a able stitch cam of the-form s 1 Cam 18 is followed by a. cam slope 19 to release the needles y/ into line 3/ now in the position 0 of Fig. 5.

ivoted a 'ust{ Referring now to Figs. '5 and 6, these own iii-Fig.1 2.

with the needles movements or the instruments illustrated} have carried out the following operations:

-1. A loop of a new course has been added to each Wale of the face or cylinder side A (Fig. 6) of the fabric. '2. The stress ortension upon the yarn caused by this operation has been relieved, during the formation at some only, or recurrent, wales of loops of, the same course on the dial or back face B of the fabric. 3. The loops last formed at the growing edge of thefabric have been released to permit the yarn intervening between said loops and the adjacent loops of face Ato be formed into-loops of interven:

ing wales of the back face B of the fabric. These matters operation upon the illustrative machine out to engage the sinker wales between said cylinder may be stated in terms of the needles, and said cylinder needles" shown as follows: First, the cylinder needles have knit with'respec't to dial needles thrown, r

have then been released to 9. position-atv which they place the minimum possible tension upon the loops 'of the newknit; second, certain of the dial;- needles yarn just 5 I shown as alternate needles have then pe'rformed their knitting movements during such time as the intervening needles of the dial have also been placed 1n a position to put n'o strain upon the new yarn held in their hooks, that is to say at the position b ofv Fig. 5, and thus to permit their yarn to be used by the needles 3/ following them to draw elongated stitches suflicient to knock over their old loops; third, the needles of the dial which had been in a position of rest to release their loops for this fpurposethen have operated durin orafter the release of the a new loop by-.t 1e following needles of the other dial series, also to permit the use'of a part of the yarn employed in the knocking over operation. of the first series of secondary needles to knit. Thus a dial stitch on a needle y is robbed or gives'up some of'its yarn to aid a needle 3 toknit. The last needle of the secondary carrier to knit, as described a'short needle 3 will now hold loops 1 a slightly enlarged at the expense of the loops at of theirfiankin needles y, and larger than the loops 0 .o the neighboring cylinder needles a2; but, as will readily be apparent, the mean or average size of the dial loops and the cylinder loops will be substantially only one-half that necessary for the knocking-over operation under normal conditions, if the adjustments are such as to cause a recession of the secondary needles into their carrier only sufiicient to permit lmocking-oversat the times of their maxi? mum withdrawal illustrated at a; and f, Figs. 5 and 6. By the"described.operat1ons of withdrawing the secondary needles into their carrier onlysufiiciently far to permit knocking over, at the time of their maximum withdrawal,} and by the described operations of thesecondary needles in two sets, one of which lmocks'overpreviously to the other, I'

' have thus provided sufiicient new yarn to be operations to be performed simultaneously,

moved through the old loop, without having provided suificient new yarn to permit these or by successive drawing movements of adjacent secondary needles. I may, if necessary,

, ric and the now adjust the short loops which have been knit by subjecting themto alternate or successive stresses from each face of the fabric, as by providing an adjustable retracting cam .for the cylinder, shown at 20, and adjustable needles y retracting-cams 21 and 22 for the and y of the dial. While I have shown the cam 20 ina position to precede in effect the operative position of cams 21 and 22, is obvious that these positions may be reversed. The effect of these cams is as indicatedat Figs. 5 and 6 at p to adjust ordistribute the yarn now completely inter-knit between the loops n, n of the back or dial face of the fabloops 0 of the front or cylinder face thereof.

When carrying out my method upon a multiple or double course machine such as that usually employed for wide fabrics, I- prefer to reverse the order atwhich the needles y and 7 knock overtheir loops at the second feed or course; for instance, instead groove the needle y at a later time than the needles ently tucked loops,

.carriers only, respectively for of the cam 15 having its stitch forming point in the groove 4 in advance of the stitch forming point of the cam 18 in the groove 6, I; may provide at the next yarn feed inthe 4 a knitting cam 150, to knock over 3 which will be operated by a cam 180 of the form and at the position shown. The

cylinder cam for the'second' feed or unit may, however, remain unaltered, comprising a the cams 9, 10, 13, 1 1 and 20.

My invention is readily applicable, it" will I be understood without specific illustration, as well to rib knittingcharacterized by the formation on one or both faces of persistfor instance in connection with the making of Cardigan or half- Cardiganfabrics, as to the regular rib knite ting shown and described as one illustrative instance. Machines for the said purposes may, as usual, he provided at alternate feeds or groups of feeds in both, or in one of the .and. half-Cardigan knitting, with .stitch cams having any usual structure for tucking at that feed' Usual constructions for this purpose may, comprise advancing cams insufiiciently high to clear the needles, or

.stitch-camsof insutficient loop-drawing ex' tent to knock over the loops- When such cams are in use, the described knocking-over operation will be delayed to another or later course, with an accumulation of loops at the needles concerned, but when said knockingover does take place, it will be with respect to neighboring needles advanced to a looprelieving position in the manner I have 'fully described.

It will beapparent-that, while I have de- 1. The art of knitting ribbedwebs Gem'- prising first knitting a course of loops on. one face of the fabric, then knitting 100 s of the same course in separated wales of the other face of'the fabric, and then knitting lfoops in the intervening wales of said other ace. v

2. The art of knitting ribbed fabrics com= prising the formation of successive courses by first forming from a run of yarn sufficient to form all the loopsof both faces of the fabric knit loops of saidyarn penetrating the old stitches of one face of the fabric,

said Cardigan -ments of the needles with respect to their subsequently drawing loops of said yarn through some only of the old stitches of the other face of the fabric, and then drawing loops of said yarn through the remaining old stitches of said other face of the fabric.

3. The art of knittug ribbed fabrics comprising the following steps; first knitting a course of loops in all the wales of one face; then drawing the yarn intervening between some of the said wales through some only of the previous loops of the other face, and then drawing the remaining parts of the yarn intervening between face wales through the remaining previous loops of said other face;

4. The art of forming ribbed fabric C(Jlllprising knitting acourse of the primary face of the fabric andthereafter completing said course inthe secondary face of the fabric by knitting a plurality of intercalated series of loops in succession, the loops of the first of said series being completed and relaxed prior to the knitting of the remainder of said series of loops.

5. The art of knitting ribbed webs on two sets of needles, comprising feeding a yarn to the needles, then actuating one set of needles to knit loops of said yarn through the loops of a previous course on one face-of the web; then actuatingaseries of needles distributed among the needles of the other set to knit said yarn through other loops of said previous course, and then actuating the remaining instruments of said other set to knit said yarn through all the remaining loopsof said previous course.

6. The method of knitting ribbed fabric upon at least two sets of instruments comprising feeding the yarn to the instruments of said sets, knitting upon one face of the fabric by causing loops of said yarn to penetrate loops of previously ft' l'med fabric held at instruments of one of said sets only, then causing the yarn intervening between said knit loops to be knit upon the other face of the fabric at the location of some of the in struments only of another set of said instruments, and thereafter knitting the yarn in tervening between the previously knit loops at the location of the remaining instruments.

7. The method of knitting ribbed fabric which comprises the formation of anew course upon a previously knit section of such fabric by first forming a new yarn into a successive series of primary loops penerating the terminal loops of the previous fabric in all of the wales of one face of the web,

between said primary loops into loops l ipeneface trating the remaining wales of the bac of the web.

8. The method of knitting ribbed fabric upon two intercalated sets of hooked instruments, comprising supplying yarn to the hooks o both sets of said instruments, and then drawingthe yarn at one set of instruments into loops penetrating previous loops of one face of the fabric; in thereafter relaxing the new or last formed loops b relative movement between the fabric and tiie instruments upon which said loops were formed and are held in thereafter operating upon the yarn at the location of alternate instruments of the other set, first to cause the yarn runs. intervening-between loops of the first knit face at certain only of said instruments distributed among said other setto be drawn in succession through the old loops of the other or back face of the-fabric, and there'- after to cause said loops to be relaxed in succession; and in thereafter operating upon the yarn at the location of the remaining instruments of said other set to draw loops toward said back face of the fabric.

9. The art of knitting ribbed webs comprising first knitting'a course of new loops on one face of the fabric, then knitting loops of the same course in separated wales only of the other face of the fabric, thenknitting loops in the intervening wales of said other face, and then subjecting the loops of both faces to successive stresses to adjust the length of the loops.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ROBERT W. SCOTT.

Witnesses: I

HARRY J KELLY, Ror C. Sournwonrn.

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