US1093915A - Tubular fabric. - Google Patents

Description

H. 2.001313. TUBULAR FABRIC.

APPLICATION FILED APILB, 191 2.

Patented Apr. 21, 1914.

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25 the bobbins which'braid the so inter 45; to. its inner sides,

HENRY Z. COBB, WINCHESTER, MASSACHUSETTS.

TUBULAR FABRIC.

Specification 01! Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 21, 1914.

Original application filed. October 18, 1911, Serial NO,- 655353. Divided and this application filed April 8,

1912. Serial No. 889,282. i

7 '0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, IIENRYZ. Conn, a citizen of the United States, residing in Wmchester, in the county of Middlesex and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Tubu lar Fabrics, of which the following is a specification.

'This invention relates to the production it of braided fabrics, and particularly tubular fabrics adaptable for use as hose.

In the making of two-ply or multiple-ply braided fabrics, it is desirable to unite the braided webs by some textile connection other than that afiorded by the webs themselves, in order that each web may be distinct.

means of a supplemental series of bobbins which ina braiding machine pass alter-- nately between the raceways traversed by respective webs. The product of that invention is a tubular fabric of two (or more) plies, each ply con-. stituting a distinct braided web, and these bein intimately united by strands or yarns laraided with each, and passing alter-. nately from each into the other, these inter-. braiding or connecting yarns traversing the tubular fabric completely so as to constitute a series of helices; and being preferably extended inright and left spirals so as to cross and interbraid with each other.

My present invention produces a fabric in which the interconnecting yarns or strands instead of progressing helically around the 4o tubular fabric," are extended longitudinally thereof and" are interwoven with the braided yarns. The product is therefore somewhat similar to what might be produced by sewing single threads throughit from its outer I such threads forming parallel lines of stitching uniting the outer and" inner'webs at sufliciently frequent inter- I L valfsi The invention findsits. greatest utility :in the case of two-ply'or multiple-ply hose;

? but it a plicable' to a single-plyhose, in

which .the 'ongitudmal. strands-on webs' have the effect notonly of strengthe nng the fabric but of partially In my Patent No. 937,021 granted. October 12', 1909, I have set forth a means for uniting distinct parallel braided webs- 20 .by interlacing with them uniting strands.

resisting a: longitudinal pull thereon, and consequently rendering it less liable to braided hose.

In practising my invention I may employ an ordlnary braiding machine, preferably one capable of simultaneously braiding two or more webs, and I combine with this machine a means for introducing the desired number of longitudinal warp yarns into the braided fabric, such means consisting preferably of shuttles with suitable mechanism for throwing them' in proper succession through the shed of converging yarns from the braider bobbins. The braided fabric being delivered longitudinally without rotary or twisting motion, and the shuttles being each confined to its own path, these paths being fixed or non-rotative, it follows that the yarns paid off from these'shuttles and interwoven with the braided yarns, constitute true warps, since they extend longitudinally of the fabric, as distinguished from those which progress spirally or helically around the tubular fabric, as in the case of my previous patent.

In the accompanying drawings,-Figure 1 is a vertical mid-section of an ordinary type of multiple-ply braiding machine equipped stretch than. is an ordinary with mechanism for producing this improved fabric; Fig. 2 is a partial horizontal section showing the relative arrangement of the bobbin raceways and the warp shuttles of such machine; Figs. 3 and 4 are respectlvely an elevation and a longitudinal section of the improved fabric.

Referring to the drawings, A designates the core on which the braiding is done, and BB the bobbins which arecarried by carriers C C D D (Fig. 2) in a well known manner. The race-ways are cut in the usual plate F beneath which is the usual plate G, and between these plates are the usual gears (not shown) which drive the bobbin carriers, all these partsbeing well understood in braiding machines.

The yarns a a'whichare drawn off from the bobbin carriers, converge at the braiding point 6 where they are drawn together upon the core A to form the braided fabric A.

.A; take-up is provided for moving the finished as it is produced, whereby to keepthe braidfabric up out of the machine as fast which traverse sinuous race-ways ing point b at the same place. The converging yarns a a constitute a shed which is in the form of an obtuse cone. In the case of a two-ply fabric this shed is in fact double, the yarns forming one ply interlacing and drawing together distinctly from those which form the other ply or we As many shuttles are provided as the number of warps to be introduced into the fabric. Six for example are shown in Fig. 2. Each of the shuttles L is carried on a slide or other suitable carrier M, and this in turn is adapted for engagement with the shuttle guides or race-ways P P. These latterare arranged partly above and partly below the shed of converging yarns a, or in other words are made in-two alined sections separated by a suflicient space to enable the converging yarns of the shed to pass freely between them. This space or gap is bridged by the shuttle slide or carrier M in moving across the gap. Each shuttle is moved at prescribed intervals from one side to the other of the shed, their respective positions being shown in Fig. 1 in full lines and in dotted lines. Thus the warp yarn c which is paid off from the shuttle is moved alter- 'nately above and beneath the shed, so that it passes back and forth from the outside to the inside of the finished product. The shuttle is pointed at both ends so as to readily separate the braiding yarns a a. in pass- -ing through the shed.

The shuttles may be driven across the shed at the prescribed intervals either by hand or by any one of a variety of shuttle throwing mechanisms. The requisite of such mechanisms is that they shall move their respective shuttles quickly enoughso that the passage of the shuttle through the shed shall not interfere .with the desirably free movement-of the converging braiding yarns. It is also desirable that the shuttle throwing mechanism shall move the shuttles in a prescribed succession and at prescribed intervals of time, in order to pass 'the warps through the fabric with the desired frequency and in the desired relation. .As this is partly a matter of taste or caprice accord mg to the appearance desired to be pro duced, no specific proportioning is essential to the invention.

I have not herein shown any mechanism for moving the shuttles, as mechanism for this purpose forms no part of the subject matter of the present application for patent. Such mechanism is shown in my application No. 655,352 filed October 18, 1911, to

which reference may be made for an understanding of the suitable and desirable form of mechanism for practising this invention. The present application is a division of the application just named.

The fabric which is produced is shown in elevation in Fig. 3, and in approximate vertical section in Fig. 4. In these figures a are the braided yarns and c are the longitudinal warp yarns which are laid in by the shuttles, the latter being shown as of darker color to more effectually distinguish them. In Fig. 4 the two braided plies or webs are distinguished by the layers to and o. The inner layer as is the usual rubber tube which forms the lining of the hose. This tube may itself constitute the core A in Fig. 1, or this core may be any suitable mandrel.

It will be observed that the warp yarns 0 by being repeatedly passed between the inner and outer surfaces of the fabric, not only serve to strongly unite the outer and inner Webs or plies, but also serve to impart added longitudinal strength to the fabric by resisting a stretching strain. This resistance they afford however with a certain degree of elasticity due to the zigzag path which they make in passing through the plies. The use of these longitudinal warps is also of advantage in a one-ply braided fabric, which is strengthened and ,made more resistant against stretching strains by the presence of these warps.

The hose provided by my invention is to be distinguished from those in which longitudinal yarns have been carried within the loops of a single braided web, so that these yarns extend in a straight line through the web instead of being carried in a zigzag path back and forth between the inner and outer sides thereof. This zigzag course of the Warp yarns is an important feature of my invention, since it imparts the desirable elasticity or longitudinallyyielding quality to the hose. Where straight yarns would be liable to break upon the outer side when bending the hose and would necessarily pucker upon the inner side of the bend, the zigzag warps provided by the present invention accommodate themselves readily to such bending. The hose consequently is not only more supple, but what is ractically of great importance, is far less liable to kink when bent. Upon bending a braided hose the braided web is drawn tightly upon the outer side of the bend, the thickness being reduced by the tautening efiect upon the yarns, while upon the inner side it is slackened and the fabric is thickened; the warp yarns provided by my invention readily adapt themselves to both these effects, since upon the outer side the half loops formed by the zigzags flex readily with the braided yarns, and by the reduction in thickness of the braided webs the warps are slackenedand enabled to readily yield to the greater longitudinal dimension required upon the outer side of the hose; while upon the inner or thickened side the diminution in longitudinal dimension provides sufficient slack for the warps to enable them to yield to the thickening of the braided web or webs. The hose therefore is as flexible and as free from kinking tendency as an ordinary braided hose, While having greater strength in longitudinal direction.

I claim as my invention 1. A tubular fabric consisting of outer and inner braided Webs and parallel longitudinal warp yarns intermeshed with and uniting the webs.

2. A multiple tubular fabric consisting of parallel inner and outer braided Webs, and Iparallel longitudinal warp yarns passing ack and forth through the fabric and uniting said webs.

3. A multiple tubular fabric consisting of outer and inner braided Webs and parallel 15 longitudinal Warp yarns passing back and forth through both webs and appearing on the exterior and interior surfaces of the fabric. y

In witness whereof, I have hereunto signed 20 my name in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

HENRY Z. COBB. Witnesses:

THOMAS F. WALLACE, FRED WHITE.

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