US1093134A - Photographic method. - Google Patents

Description

WfC. HUBBNER. PHOTGRAPHIG METHOD. APPLICATION FILED MAY 19. 1911.

Patented Apr. 14, 1914.

W. G, 1111133111311. PHOTOGRAPHIG METHOD. APPLIGATIGN FILED M1119, 1911.

Patente@ 1111: 19M,

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W. C. HUEBNER. PETOGRAPHIC METHOD. APPLIOATION FILED' MAY 19, 1911.

Patented Apr. 14, i914 li BHBBTS-SHEET 3.

W. C. HUEBNEE.

PHOTOGRAPHG METHOD. l

` AP@ IIIIIIIIIIIIIIII 1s, 1911,

11,0939134., APatented Apr. 14, 1914. 5 EEEEE s EEEEE 4.

.[72 verdor f 4 M Aorn l W. o, HUEBNBR. PHOTOGRA'EHIC METHOD. l PLIOATION FILED MAY 19, 1911Y LUQS 34h Patented' Apr; 14, 1914.

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WILLIAM C. IIUEB'NE, OF BUFFALO, NE

.il YORK, SSIGNOR TO IUEBlTER-BLEISTEIN :PATENTS CMPANY, OF BUFFALO, NEVI YORK.

Y microsite-riale METHOD.

Loaf-msi.

Specification ofvLetters Intent.

'Patented Apr. 14, 191i.

Application led May 19, 1911. Serial 628,286.

To all who/11. 'it moy/ once/"n,

Be it known that lVILLniM C. Himn- Nnn, a citizen of theUnited States, residing' .at Buffalo, in the county of Erie and'State of New York, hare invented a 'new and use'-` fnl Improvement in Photographic Methods,

of which the following a specification.

'Fig 2.

This invention relates to-lhe. fractional exposureof sensitized surfaces :tor the production 'of black and white or multi-color" Work by means of a rotatable screen of pe- Veuliar construction, a corresponding multi?v color light filter and a corresponding multicolor base, either separately or Jointly.

In the accompanying drawings, `consist-r ing of five slieetszFiguie 1 is a "diagram showinga triangular group'of three units of the screen. Fig. Q'is a diagram showing` triangular group ofsiX units of the screen.

' Fig. 3 is a'diagrammatic vieu'- of a screen aeeording to Fig. l, with the transparent units shown in full lines'ttnd nthe opaque units indicated by dotted lines. L'Fi'g. flis a similar diagrammatic View of a screen according to Fig. 5 is va partly sectional elevation of a screen according to Figs. 1 and'l,

mounted in a holder. Fig. Gis a fragmentary elevation, partly in section, showing the screen shifted tothe next position. Fig. 'i' is a section-on line 7.-'7, Fig..5. Fig. 8 is a fragmentary rearlE elevation of the holder. Fig. 9 is an elevation of a screen according to Figs. 2 and 4, arranged in a holder. Fig, 10 is a diagram showing a triangular group of three units of a multicolor filter. Fig. 11 is a View of three corresponding unit-s of a multicolor base. Fig. 12 is a diagram showing a triangular group of six units of a 1nuli 4 ticolor filter.'` Fig. 13 is a View of six coirespending units of a multi-color base. Fig. 1l is a view bf a' multicolor filter according to Fig. 10.' Fig. 15 is a-view-of sa, corresponding multicolor base. Fig. 16 is a 'View of a multicolor filter according to' Fig. 12. Fig. 17 isa View of a correspondingmulticolor base. Fig.'18 is a sectional View, -on

an enlarged scale, of a multicolor base.

Like refe-rence characters refer to like parts in the several figures.

In practising this invention a screen is employe(1 which Iis provided With 'transparent portions or units which are uniformly .a common center fr.

'cessive posit-ions cover the entire area of the sensitized surface. The three exposures produce on the sensitized surface printing points which are separated more or less ac eordin;` to the distance between the screen and the sensitized surface and according to the opening of the lens diaphragm. Each exposure can be separately timed, as may be desired. and the operation can be repeated with the screen in each or some of the exposing positions, as may be deemed desirable.

ln operating with a half tone screen of the usual kind the entire area. of the sensi.

tized surface is exposed at the saine time, while by means of the fractional screen herein described only one-third of the sensitized surface is exposed at a timetwo thirds being covered by the opaque portions of the screen. The distance existing bctween the screen and the sensitized surface reduces the area on the latter which is eX- ,posed by a screen .unit, thus producing proper printing points in the manner of half tone Worle. The angular form of the units facilitatesthe formatin of. proper.

printing points during the subsequent treatment-of the negative. The screen area is divided into angular units arrangedabout These units are combined in groups of three, as represented in Fig. 1, or in groups of six, as'represented in Fig. Q, or in groups of a greater multiple of three, as may be preferred. Fie. 3 is a.

diagrammatic Vier: showing the relitive arrai'igementof the transparent and 'opaque units or areas arranged in groups of three, as represented in Fig. 1. 20 representing the transparent units in full lines and 21 the .the screen isrequired'l to lloe Amoved is 120 opaque units in dotted lines. Fig. 4 is a.`

similar View showing the relative arrangement of the units arranged 'in' groups of. six,

as represented in Fig. 2, in which arrangement each unit shown in Fig. 1 is bisected.

In-Fig. 5 a circular screen A having the arrangement-of units shown in Figs..1 and 3 is represented in a *circular holder B in which the screen is so mounted' that it can be adjustedby a rotary movement to stand in either of three positions, 60 apart. The

holding and adjusting devices can be c'onstructed in any suitable manner. As shown,

o the screen is mounted to be capable of rotation between holding rollers 22 in the holder,

which rollers can `be adjustedinwardly and outwardly by screws 23. vThe sensitized' negative C, Figs. 7 and 8, may be removably l held in the holder by a spring clamp 24,.or other suitable means. The screen is provided with a circular marginal frame 25. which bears against the holding rollers, and with a handle or. finger-piece 26 bywhich it can be'turned and which'pr'ojects' through a slot in the frame. The are through which and the screen is adjusted to 'stand in either of the three positions, 60- apart, which posi- 'tions can be conveniently secured by means of a pointer 27 and register marks 28, 29, 30 on the holder. Inthe position of the screen shownv in Fig. 5, the pointer 27 is in register with the mark 2 8 and the transparent portions or units 20 of the screen expose one-third of the area of the .sensitized sur# face'which is. being exposed. By shifting the screen'to the next position, 60 to thel right in Fig. '5, in which position, shownin Fig.A 6, the pointer 27 coincides with the register mark 29'o'n the holder, the transparent portions of the screen are shifted l l to the right of theposition previously .occupied and-correspondingly new portions of the sensitized surface are exposed while the ortions previously exposed are covered. By shifting the screen to the third position, in which the pointer 27 is lin register w1th the register mark 30, the transparent por tions ofthe screen are again shifted 60 to the right and the remaining portions of the" sensitized surface 'are exposed, while the portions which were exposed in the first and second positions are covered. By placing thev screen in the three described positions successively. the transparent portions or units of -thescreen reach in threeA steps or stages the entire area of thesensitized sur- 'face and one-third ofthe total area is lex- 4 posed at a time. The screen can be shifted back to the first or' the second position and the exposure canbe repeated in either of the three positions asmay be necessary for producing the desired effect. Negatives. so

produced, when developed, fixed and dried.

in any` suitable manner, can be used in black vent color. filter can be used with the ,screen j in each of the three positions, andv a 'sepaand white work in the ordinary manner for printing or'reproduction and produce a finer tone gradation than can be secured by a half tone vscreen of the usual kind in -which the entire area of the sensitized surface except the portion covered bythe lines of the screen is acted upon at the same time.

In Fig. 9 a screenD having lts units arf ranged in groups of six,as in F-igs.2 and 4,

is shown in the holder B.- The rotary adjustment of the screen permits the screen to' loe adjusted exactly to each .position so that the `total effect is tol join' the successive exposures without leaving vacant spaces except in 4so far as the exposed points on-the negative are separatedin'order vto produce proper. printing points.

This fractionalscreen, which may lbe lcalled a trisector because it -trisects the Sensi-k v tized surface for exposure, can also be used in color photography, as Awill appear from the following description.` If a-colorfilter is used in 'connection wit-h Athis lscreen'the.

record Iproduced onthe negative is that of the color which is intercepted by the filter. As is well known, an orange filter permits yellow and redrays'topass through butintercepts blue rays 'and so vproduces on the sensitized 'negative' a record of the blue rays; a green filter permits yellow and blue rays to pass through but intercepts' the red rays and so produces on the' negativeva record of the red rays, and a violet filter permits red and blue rays to pass through but-'intercepts yellow rays and so produceson'the negative a record of yellow rays.'V In other words,

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transparent record portion so4 formed will .produce a reproduction corresponding with the color which was intercepted. A'd-.iiferratesensitized plate is used for each exposure, thereby producingjthree colorrecord f negatives, one for each color,`.and each of thesefcan beexposed forfa greater or less time as'may bedesired. l A fourthnegative canbe made for printing in black or a modification of black by' exposing a negativen successively lthrough the filter in eaclfl'fi'"A of the three lpositions. lIn' addition to the usual threecolors whi'cli'would bemainly.

used in color irinting. additional filters can he used. in diii'erent shades or modifications ot' colors and records be made through these iiltfers on additional negatives, which negatives would be used for producing correspending additional printing4 surfaces for Each of these color ing. When these sepaated colors are printed from these printing` surfaces they` produce a multicolor print in which each color vis printed 1n exact register, the effect being a clear rendering of each color. The

recording of the colors can be manipulated in various ways so as to combine with oneA color one or more other colors l,which may be found desi able, for instance, the negative may be exposed for one color in one position of the screen and then 4the screen may be shifted to another position and this other exposure kbe made partially through the same filter or through another -color filter so 'as to blend twocolors, as may be desirable y filter, will expose one set of lter units at a for proilucing the desired gradation of tone or shade of color.

The fractional screen or trisectorA can also be used inconnection with a multicolor fil-y ter-having units or areas of different colors arranged in the same order in which the units are arranged on lthe screen, so that the latter, when registered with the multicolor time and' cover the rest. A simple and suit.-

able arrangement of color areas or units on.

the lilter .comprises the three spectrum colors, green, violet and orange,which when separately exposed by the screen produce a record on the negative,` respectively` ofvred, yellow and blue`.- This multicolor filter can be made'by means 'of the above described screen in the following manner: A glass is covered with a sensitizing layer and exposed through the screen in one position tl'iereof and' the portion which has been exposed 4is .covered with a suitable dye, which can be applied either before orl after developing. After-the unaffected sensitizing material has been removed the plate 1s covered with a protecting layer, for instance, a greasy solu-4 tion, and a second sensitizing layer is put upon the plate and the processis repeated with with been the screen in the second position and ay second color. After that color has protected the operationV is repeated with the screen in the third position and with a third color. The result will `be a spectrum color filter having its units in three colors.eaeh color covering onethird of the `area of the filter and lnrving the units in exactly the same position in which the transparent and opaque units are arranged on the screen. The color units on the filter join each other closely and without overlapping.

`Fig. 10 represents a group of color units .the other units.

on the multicolor filter composed of three angular' units or areas arranged in the form of' a triangle, as in Figsaland, g repre'-` senting the green unit, Qtheviolet and 0l the orange unit. f v

Fig. 1Qy represents a group of c olor units of the filter composed of six angular units or areas arranged in the form of a triangle, asin Figs. 2 and -l-.. lnthis arrangementeach unit shown in Fig. 10isbiecl'cd so that the group containstwo units for each unit'of' the group represented in Fig. l0. These units can be further divided, iff desired. When more than three units are arranged in a group the number ot' colorsor shades of'` eolorscan -be increased as tar the number of units in a group may permit.

Fig. le represents a color filter E withV -the trigonal units grouped in groups of three, :1s-represented inFig. 10; and arranged about a commen centerfc. The

units are greatly exaggerated in size 'and correspomlingly reduced in number for the purpose of representation,the actual number yranging usually from 25,000 to 500,000, approximately, to the squarc'inch, or from 4,000 to 80,000, approximately, tothe square their described arrangement permits the entire area of' the filter to be covered with such units, leaving no vacant spaces between the units and also preventing the lapping of one color over the other in printing from the nega-tive: i

Vthen the' screen ,is so placed in register with the multicolor filter that its transparent portions coincide with one of the three or more sets of color units on the light filter, all other color units will be covered and prf-tected from the'light and light can pacsl only through the exposed set of units which are by this means separated from This screen so permits a separate color-'record negative to be made for cach color byexposing a separate negative to each color. In the case illustrated.

`in the drawings one negative can he made for the blue color by placing the screen in register with. the orange units on the light filter; another negative for the yellow color by placing the screen in register with tlie violet. units of the light filter: and a third negative for t-liepred color by placing the screen in register with the green units of the light filter. Each of these negatives. when developed, fixed and dried. can he used for producing photographically a printing surface foreach color from which impressions can be produced in the appropriato colors, successively and in proper reg correctly representing t ister, thereby producingl screen A. The center of the screen should be in exact register With'the center of the light filter.

The three color recordsmade by the three exposures, one .for each color, can bel made on the same negative, if desired. When the .threerecords are made on the' same negative the three records, each of which is distinct land'separate from the others, are assembled 'upon' the same sensitized surface and can be separated in printing` from the negative by; means of the screen. For 4that purpose the in-each-oithese positions. Each print is a negative is placed in exact register -With the screen and the latter is placed successively in each -of the three described posi tions and a print is taken from thenegative reproduction of the color` which correspondswith the record on the negative which is exposed the transparent portions of the screen. By varying the duration of the exposures in malrin the color records on the negative or in printing from the latter, v'ariations in color values may be produced.

The color-record negatives produced as Aherein escribcd can also be used for producing color photographs upon a vmulti-color base, which maybe paper, glass or other suitable'material. The'color areas or units are arranged on this base 4in exactly the same order vor relative location as they are onthelight ilter and on'the screen so that complementary colors on the base correspond with the spectrum colors in the light filter,

the red units ron 4the .color base corresponding with the green units 'g on the filter, *they blue units b on the color base corresponding `with the orange units 0 on the filter, and the yellow units y on the base with thev violet units 'v on the filter, as indicated in Figs'll, 13, 15 and 17 .l The colors which are applied` to the base may loe` of any suitable nature, for instance, anilin or pigment, and can be applied by first coating-the, base I (Fig. 18) with a layer or film of any suitable foundation material, for instance, a layer .K of gel-- atin, 'then printing each color-L'separately thereon in the' 'proper location and finallyv covering the multicolor layer With-'a sensitizing layer M, preferablydry plate emulsion. If the color-record negative is placed in register With the color base insuch manner that the -negative bears`the-same relation to the base which it bore to .the 'color filter While being exposed, the transparent color records which were produced by'the green areas of the lightfilter will coincide with the red areas of the color base;"`the Ktransparent records' made by the orange areas .of the light ifilter will coincide with ent records made by the violet areas of the' light filter will coincide with the yellow color record can be printed on the base sepa-A rately by placing the screen successively` in the three described, positions. The dura- .tion of each exposure can loelregulated as the blue areas of the base, and the transparmay be necessaryfor' producing the desiredeiect. ,4 Fig. l5 represents a multicolor-base G in 'Which the complementary color units red,

yellow and blue-are arranged in the same order inv which the spectrum color units greenfviolet and ,orange are `arranged 1n.

the lightfilter E, shown in Fig. 14, in which each triangular group is composed of three units. i 'l l' Fig. I7' represents a multicolor base H in which the complementary colors are :1r-*

ranged inl units in the same order in which the spectrum colors are arranged in the light lfilter F, shown in Fig. 1.6, in which arrangement each triangular group is composed of Upon exposing the multicolorsix units. base through the, negativev andY the screen the light passing through `the transparent color record pnjthe negative acts only upon the. underlyilrg`-sensitizing material, While the restof the sensitizedsurface will not be acted upon and. will be removed, together with they underlying colors,` in `developing and fixingthe base. I

, s l Color-record negatives ma'defas herein described can also be iised' for printing .upon a `color -base lwithout resort to the screen or `tris'ector. In that case the baseis exposed in a suitable manner with the color-record,

negativeplaced in register with the'colorI base, as above described. The colors will be fixedguponthe base'by Vthe light acting -When this color. base'lhas been developed,

fixed and dried it forms a color photograph lin exact accordance with thercolo'r values rio . upon the sensitizinglmaterialinthose parts' of thel base which are in register with a' represented on the color-record -negative and in exactaccordance with the color object from which the color-recrd'negative was produced.

The hereinV describedarnethods and `apparatus are also' capable of use in producing motion pictures in which case` thev film on which the; pictures are produced is exposed 'through the multicolor filter.

I claim as my invention: 1. The hereinA described photographywhich consists in exposing to light a sensitized surface througha screen having numerous transparent angular unitsimprovement in' arranged around a" common center While composed of angular units of `differentM the remainder ,of the sensitized surface' is protected against light, and thereafter ro-v toting said screen and exposing portionsof the sensitized surface which Were previously protected, While' protecting the portions which `Were previously. exposed, .substantiallyas set forth. v i

2. In color photography, vthe herein described method which consists in producing upon-a sensitized surface c color record by photographing-the .object-through a screen fcolors, said screen exposing the'um'ts of one color yWhile the units of different color are ri'ected 'against1ight,fsubstantia11y as set orth'.'

' 3.111 color -photo'grephy, 'the' herein de- -scrbedfmethod which consists in producing a, color recordsphotographicely and then printing said record upon'a sensitized multi color beschaving its eroe composed of numerous' angular yunits4 cfm different. color by exposing the units ofnone .color at a. time Y While protecting the `units o fxdi'erent color 4against -1ight5 substantially as set forth. 4. 1n" coiory photography5 thekherein de# scribed method which consists in lproducing u'po'n a lsensitized.surface `:icolor record Aby units of' one 'color "at a time jwhilefgprotect- 'ing he units of diferent `color against light, substantially ,es-set forth.

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