US109277A - Improvement in breech-loading fire-arms - Google Patents

Description

F. VETTERLIN. Breech 'Loading Fire Arm.

No. 109,277. Patented Nov. 15, 1870.

- *seL efe Fe timidi iata anni ditta.

FREDERICK VETTERLIN, OF NEUHAUSEN, SWITZERLND.

Letters Patent No. 109,277, dated November 15, 1870 antedated November 11, 1870.

IMPROVEMENT IN BREECH-LOADING FIRE-ARMS.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of the same.

To'all whom it may concern:

Be it known lthat I, FREDERICK VETTERLIN, of Neuhausen, in the Canton of Schaihausen, Switzerland, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Breech-loading Fire-Arms; and I do hereby. declare that the-followingis a full, clear, and exact. description of thesame, reference being had to the accompanying drawings making a portion of this specification, in `which-- vin the line :z: :v of iig. l.

' forward to its Figure 5 is a transverse section, taken in the line y y of fig. 1.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.

.Lhis invention consists in the arrangement of an extractor, formed with an elastic extension, within a groove provided in the upper side of the breech-piece, andin such relation with a suitable covering-plate as not only to secure the retention of the extractor in its v place, but, furthermore, to insure the most eii'ective operation of such extractor in withdrawing the cartridgeshell from the barrel.

To enable others to understand the construction and operation of my invention, I will proceed to describe it, with reference to the drawings.

The breech-receiver A has the barrel B screwed into its forward end, and is secured in any suitable manner to the stock G.

The interior of this breech-receiver is of circular or cylindrical form, and has an opening, Ai, provided in the upper side of its forward portion, through which the cartridge is introduced prepara-tory to being forced place in thc barrel, as hereinafter fully explained. y

The breech-receiver is open at its rear end, to permit the extension therethrough of certain parts, hereinafter presently described, of the breech-closing mechanism, and adjacent to such rear end is chamber-cd or enlarged, as shown at Bi, there being inrear of s uch enlargement any desired number, but preferably tlircc, of lugs, a, the forward end surfaces of which are situ-' ated in planes at right angles ,to the axis of the barrel and breech-receiver, and constitute thc recoil-bearings of the breech-piece C.

This breech-piece G is of cylindrical form to fit the breech-receiver, and has its rearmost portion reduced in size :behind the shoulders b, in order to permit a sleeve 01 collar, D, to be fitted thereon, the collar being loosely screwed at its rear end upon the corresponding end of the breech-piece, in-such manner as to be retained in place thereon, and at the same time be capable of being turned around upon the same.

Firmly secured upon the rear portion of the collar D is a laterally-extending lever, E, by means ofwhich the turning movement just mentioned is effected.

The collar D is, furthermore, provided at its forward end with radial ears, o,` the rearl surfaces of which are square with the axis of the breech-piece, so that, when the latter is pushed forward to close the breech, and the lever E is turned downward to bring the ears cimmediately in front of the lugs a, the breech-piece'will be locked in place' and supported against any force, as, for instance, that of the explosion in firing, exerted to drive it or move it back, whileby turning the lever upward, to bring cars c opposite to or in line with the spaces between thc lugs a, the breech-piece may be drawn back to unclose the breech, the ears passing through the spaces just indicated in such backward movement of the breech-piece.

The iiring-pin, shown at G, is tted into an axial bole formed within and extending thc whole length of the breech-piece, the rearmost end of the ijring-pin heilig made of rectangular or equivalent form in its 4cross-section, and fitting through a hole or slot, of

corresponding form, provided in a cap, Oi, screwed upon the rcarmost end of the collar D, in such manner that the turning movement of the collar in either direction will be imparted to the pin, without intel'- ferencc with the longitudinal movement requisite to the latter.

lhc firing-pin is furthermore provided withalateral spur, f, the forward surface of which is inclined, andthe adjacent side of the rear end of the breechpiece is notched in such manncrthat an inclined plane, g, is formed thereon, the arrangement being such that, when the collar l), together with the firing-pin, are turned preparatory to the backward movement of the breech-block, as just hereinbefore explained, the inclined surface of thc spur f beingA acted upon by thev inclined plane g on` the breech-piece, the firing-pin is forced back until the forward end thereof. is brought inward beyond thel face of the breech-piece, and the spur f is brought past the rear extremity of the breechpiece in such manner as to prevent the firing-pin from moving forward in case the hammer H should, lfrom any cause, descend upon thc same when the collar is thus turned tounlock the 'breech-piece.

.When the collar is brought to its first position to lock the breech-piece in its place the notch or inclined plane y is, of course, brought in such relation with the spur f as to permit the forward movement of the firingpin to ignite the charge when acted upon bv the hammer.

Provided in the upper side of the breech-piece is a The forward end of the extractor constitutes a hook, l

n, projecting beyond the face of the breech-piece, and

, the cfee of which is to catch upon the tlanch or rim of the cartridge-shell, to extractl the latter when the 'breech is opened.

Extending'back from the rear end ot' the extractor is a spring or elastic extension, 0'; and secured by suitable screws in the more shallow portion of the groove onf, and projecting brward over the extension just mentioned is a plate, s, which serves to hold the extractor in its place. p

This platesis furthermore provided with a shoulder, u, which, by striking at the rear end of the open ing A* when the, breech-piece is drawn back, limits the extent of such movement.- j l When the breech-picce is pushed to close the breech the elastic extension r allows the hook of the extractor to pass over and catch uponv the anch of the cartridge-shell, so that, when the breech-piece is drawn back in opening the breech, the shell will be pulled back therewith until, striking against a fixed stud, u, provided in the bot-tom of the breech-receiver, it is tilted upward and thrown out from the latter, whereupon a cartridge being dropped into the receiver in front of the breech-piece, the forward movement of such piece drives lthe cartridge to its place in the barrel; and the breech-piece being locked by the turning movement of its collar, as hereinbefore explained, the loading'ot` the arm is complete, it being only necessary to pull the trigger in order to fire the arm, the hammer having been brought to the position of full-cock Witnesses -P'AUL OTTO,

V. SAUERBREW.

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