US1091667A - Flame-spreader for oil-burners. - Google Patents

Description

G. W. KNAPP.

FLAME SPREADER FOR OIL BURNERS.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 15, 1911.

1,091,667, Patented Mar. 31, 191i 2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

Witnesses Inventor Attorneys COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH CD,WASIIINGTI)N. u. c.

G. W. KNAPP.

FLAME SPREADER FOR OIL BURNERS.

APPLICATION FILED MAY15, 1911.

1,091,667. Patented Mar. 31, 1914.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Inventor Attorneys Witnesses COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH co wAshmavoN, D. c.

UNTTED STATES PATENT @FFTCE.

GEORGE W.

XNAPP, OF BALTIMORE, MARYLAND, ASSIGNOR T NATIONAL ENAMEL- ING & STAMPING (30.. OF BALTIMORE. MARYLAND.

FLAME-SPREADER FOR OIL-BURNERS.

To (all about it may coucom Be it known that I, Gnonen WV. Knarr, a citizen of the United States, residing at Baltimore, in the State of Maryland, have invented a new and useful Flame-Spreader for Oil-Burners, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in flame spreaders, and the primary object of the invention is the provision of a flame spreader provided with an overhanging perforated cylinder in communication with the central draft passage of an oil burner, and having a wick flange so disposed with relation to such overhanging portions, as to produce a mixing chamber annularly of the cylinder and above the flange.

A further object of the invention is the provision of a flame spreader having two integral perforated portions of different sizes at the junction of which is a right angle imw perforate portion that is adapted to project above a wick flange and be of lesser width than the same, thereby providing a cooling chamber annularly of the flange and above the same, so as to conduct air to spread the flame adjacent the flange and simultaneously cool the wick flange from above.

With the foregoing and other objects in view which will appear as the description proceeds, the invention resides in the combination and arrangement of parts and in the details of construction hereinafter described and claimed, it being understood that changes in the precise embodiment of invention herein disclosed can be made within the scope of what is claimed without departing from the spirit of the invention.

In the drawings Figure 1 is a bottom plan view of the complete flame spreader. Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view taken on line XX of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a vertical central sectional view of a modified form of flame spreader. Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of still another modification.

Referring to the drawings, the flame spreader consists of a cap A, and a cylindrical portion having a bulging perforated portion B, and the reduced lower perforated end portion C, which is of a cylindrical shape The portion B, in reality overhangs the portion C, and provides the imperforate shoulder D, which when the wick ring E is in place, provides with the wick flange G, and the outwardly projecting perforated Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed May 15.1911.

Patented Mar. 31., 1914.

Serial No. 627,262.

portion F, an annular mixing and air conducting and cooling chamber, both above and below the wick flange. This also provides a cooling chamber whereby the air passing from the center of the spreader is conveyed against the shoulder D and downwardly upon the wick flange and outwardly thereby assisting in cooling the wick flange and spreading the flame.

It will also be noted that the shoulder D, is within the periphery of the wick flange G and that by having the bulging or shouldered perforated portion at B, a better cooling eflect is produced upon the wick flange, and air is supplied to better advantage to spread the flame. It will also be noted that air is admitted to the top of the wick below the flange G, through the perforated portion F, and also that the gas formed by the heat upon the oil in the wick below the flange may enter the chamber between the shoulder D and flange Gr, thus insuring a better mixing and combination of the gases, and counteracting the snulfing effect that a plain flange would have upon the top of the wick. This action is accelerated by the perforations leading from the air passage through the portion C adjacent to the portion F of the ring E.

By providing the imperforated shoulder D as shown, the air passing upwardly from the perforated portion C, against the shoulder D, is deflected downwardly and out wardly upon the top of the wick flange G, thereby providing a cooling means to prevent the overheating of the said flange G.

In the form illustrated in Fig. 3, the perforated wall B is cylindrical, and not bulging, as in Fig. 2, the operation being identical.

In Fig. 4, is shown a modification of the shoulder D, of Fig. 2, this particular shoulder D, being perforated, as at (Z, and providing an auxiliary or an additional cooling means for the wick flange G, the air being projected through its perforations downwardly upon the wick flange.

From the foregoing description, it will be noted that there is provided a flame spreader or air distributer having a lower perforated cylindrical element or portion fitted within, and surrounded by, a collar or ring which is flared and perforated to provide an annular gas chamber and terminating in the usual horizontal, imperforate wick flange designed to bear upon the upper end of a tubular wick, and said flame spreader or air distributer also embodies an upper perforated cylindrical element, of larger diameter than the lower element, located above and terminating at its lower end near the wick flange, the said lower end of the upper element being connected with the upper end of the lower element by a horizontal annular flame guard, formed by a shoulder or offset in the flame spreader. This flame guard is located with reference to the wick flange and the lower end of the upper or enlarged element of the flame spreader, so as to exclude flame from between the flame guard and wick flange, while permitting the passage therebetw en of vapor from the interior, to eflect a comparative cooling of the wick flange. It is well known that gas is generated at and escapes from the inner surface ofa wick at a point near its upper end or throughout that portion which is around the ring which carries the wick flange, and this gas finds its way into the gas chamber, above noted, and thence through the shallow annular channel provided between the flame guard and the wick flange to the flame, and it has been found in practice that the enlargement of that portion of the flame spreader which is immediately above the wick flange and rises substantially from the plane of the wick flange, (with only the shallow gas passage intervening) results in a pronounced flaring or spreading of the flame from a point immediately above the wick flange, so that said flange is amply protected from excessive heat. lVhile it is common in the art to provide the flame spreader near the top plate with a stepped enlargement, as also illustrated in this case, the object of such enlargement does not contemplate the exclusion of the flame from the space between the offset or shoulder, thus formed, and the plane of the wick flange, nor contemplate the protection of the wick flange from radiant heat, but by providing the enlargement of the flame spreader immediately above the wick flange and extending downward to a point separated from the wick flange by a shallow annular gas passage, not only is a more effective spreading of the flame secured, but the enlarged element or portion of the spreader serves to efficiently protect the wick flange from radiant heat from the flame, and in turn protects the oflset'or shoulder between said enlarged element and the lower reduced element of the spreader, said offset or shoulder obviously being that portion of the structure which is disposed almost in contact with the wick flange, and which, therefore, should be most carefully protected against radiant heat, in order to prevent an excessively high temperature in the wick flange.

What is claimed is:

1. A flame spreader having a reduced end carrying a wick flange and having an upper enlarged cylindrical element arranged above the wick flange with its lower end spaced therefrom and connected to the reduced end and coacting withthe wick flange to form a flame-excluding gas passage in communication with the interior of the spreader.

2. A flame spreader carrying a wick flange and having an upper cylindrical element arranged above the wick flange and spaced at its lower end therefrom, and a lower reduced element connected with the lower end of the upper element by an imperforate offset or shoulder, whereby a flame -eXcluding gas passage in communication with the interior of the spreader is formed.

3. A flame spreader having a lower reduced cylindrical element and an upper enlarged cylindrical element connected by an annular offset or shoulder, in combination with a wick flange arranged under and adjacent to said offset or shoulder to form an annular gas passage in communication with the interior of the spreader.

@l. A flame spreader having a lower reduced element and an upper enlarged element connected by an annular oflset or shoulder, said upper element having an intermediate bulge, in combination with a wick flange carried by said lower element and disposed beneath and adjacent to said offset or shoulder and spaced therefrom to form an annular gas passage, which is overhung by said bulging element of the spreader.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own, I have hereto afliXed my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

GEORGE W. KNAPP. lVitnesses HY SCHUOHARDT, J12, Josnrrr SCHAPIRA.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington. D. C."

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