US1091013A - Smoke-consumer. - Google Patents

Description

J. A. PACKARD.

SMOKE CONSUMER.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 25, 1910.

1 ,09 1 ,O 1 3 Patented Mar. 24, 1914 2 SHEETS-SHEET l. 1.

J. A PACKARD.

SMOKE CONSUMER.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 25, 1910.

1 ,09 1 ,O 1 3 Patented Mar. 24, 1914.

2 SHEETS-*SHEET 2.

JAMES A. PACKARD, OF MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN.

SMOKE-CONSUMER.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented pla 24 1914,

Application filed July 2 5, 1910. Serial No. 573,630.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, J AMES A. PACKARD, a citizen of the United States, residing at Milwaukee, county of Milwaukee, and State of Wisconsin, have invented new and useful Improvements in Smoke Consumers, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in that class of smoke consumers which is used in connection with furnaces of steam boilers, and it pertains more especially among other things, to the device by which a down draft from the combustion chamber to the ash pit is produced and by which the smoke and unconsumed products of combustion are drawn downwardly through the fuel and more perfectly burned, when they are conducted from thence by the siphon action of a steam jet and discharged, together with the steam into the combustion chamber above the fuel, whereby a more perfect combustion is produced and the escape of smoke and unconsumed vapor from a furnace is prevented, and whereby the fuel is used with greater economy.

Figure 1 represents a front view of a boiler provided with my smoke consuming system. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal vertical section of the device shown in Fig. 1, showing a side view of the boiler. Fig. 3 is a detail showing a top view of the inlet air pipes located in the ash pit beneath the grate. Fig. 4 is a transverse section drawn on line zc-w of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a side view, part in section, of one of the nozzles through which steam and hot air are discharged into the combustion chamber of the furnace. Fig. 6 is a vertical section of the device for opening and closing the steam controlling valve, and Fig. 7 is a plan view of the sev eral nozzles shown in Fig. 5.

Like parts are identified by the same ref erence numerals throughout the several views.

1 is a steam boiler of ordinary construction. I

2 is the combustion chamber of the furnace.

3 is a fuel supporting grate.

4 is the ash pit.

5 is a dome of the boiler. The steam is led from the dome 5 of the boiler to the combustion chamber through the horizontal duct 6, vertical duct 7, horizontal duct 8, valve 9, duct 10, and a plurality of branch ducts 11, said branch ducts 11 being located within the inclosing nozzles 12 as shown in Fig. 5. As steam from the boiler is discharged through the nozzle 12, a siphon action is produced which causes air to be drawn from the ash pit 4 up into said nozzles, when the a r and steam are commingled together and dlscharged into the combustion chamber. Air is led from the ash pit 4 to the nozzles 12, through the several branch ducts 18, vertical duct 14, horizontal duct 15, and the short vertical duct 16, which duct 16 com municates directly with the nozzles 12 through the L 17 An. additional supply of air is simultaneously led to the nozzle 12 from the rear of the furnace through a funnel 17 vertical duct 18, and horizontal duct 19. The duct 17 is so located, as to draw smoke and unconsuined products of combustion' into it from the boiler, whereby such unconsumed products of combustion are re turned again to the boiler with the steam, when they are more perfectly consumed.

An additional supplyof fresh air is admitted to the combustion chamber from the exterior through the ducts 20, 20, which extend through the boiler supporting walls 21, whereby air is admitted from the exterior in front of said funnel 17, when it is drawn intosaid funnel, together with the unconsumed products of combustion, and passes with the same into the combustion chamber.

One of the primary objects of my invention is to produce a down draft or current of air through the grate from the combustion chamber, and this down draft is produced by locatingthe several branch ducts 13 in close proximity to the lower side of the grate bars 22. By this arrangement, the air in the ducts 13 becomes heated to a high temperature, whereby an up current is produced in said ducts 13 and 14, which causes the air to pass down between the grate bars 22, and from thence through the ducts 14, 15 and 16, when it enters the combustion chamber with the steam through the nozzle 12, as previously described. It has been proven by practical tests that when the ducts 13 are thus located, a strong down draft is pro duced bet-ween the grate bars, whereby the fuel and smoke in the combustion chamber is more-perfectly consumed. The admission of steam from the boiler to the discharge nozzle 12 is automatically controlled as the furnace door 23 is opened and closed.

It is a wellv known fact that the greater proportion of smoke and unconsumed va- 'action of the oil beneath pors escape fromthe furnace, as heretofore constructed, immediately after a fresh quantity of coal has been supplied, and that after the combustion of the coal is well under way, the escape of smoke and unconsumed vapors ceases, or is greatly reduced. In view of this fact, I have provided a device by which the supply of steam is automatically turned on by the opening of the furnace door, and such supply is maintained for a predetermined period of time after the door is closed, whereby steam is admitted to the combustion chamber the required length of time to produce proper combustion, when the steam valve is automatically closed, whereby a useless waste of steam is prevented.

The automatic device for controlling the admission of steam to the combustion chamber operates as follows: WVhen the door 23 is opened for a supply of fuel, it is brought in contact with the curved bracket 24,,which bracket is rigidly affixed to the rod 25, and the rod 25 is revolubly supported from the front 26 of the furnace upon the brackets 27. 28 is a lever, which is rigidly affixed at one end to the rod 25, and is connected at its opposing end with the steam controlling valve 29 through the link 30, pivotal bolt 31 and lever 32, which lever 32 is connected with the steam controlling mechanism of the valve 29, whereby as the door 23 is opened, said valve 29 will also be opened, when a quantity of steam is admitted from the boiler to the cylinder 32.beneath the piston 33 therein, when said piston is there by raised, when motion is communicated therefrom to the piston 34 in the cylinder 35 beneath the oil 36, when the oil passes below the piston 34 through the check valves 37, when said check valves are closed by the them. As the pistons 33 and 34 are thus raised by the action of the steam, motion is communicated therefrom to the steam controlling valve 9, through the piston rod 39, bracket 40, lever, 41, and valve rod 42, whereby said valve 9 is opened and the steam is admitted to the boiler through said valve 9 until the same is again closed. The valve 9 is closed by the reverse movement of the pistons 33 and 34, and said pistons are drawn back to their original position by the weight 43, which weight is suspended from the lower end of the piston rod 39. 'It will be understood that when the pistons are brought back to the lower end of the cylinders by the gravity of said weights, said valve 9 will be closed and the further admission of steam to the, combustion chamber will be cut off. The steam will-be admitted to the combustion chamber a greater or less length of time according to the time required for said pistons to move to the lower end of the cylinder, and said pistons will be moved downward more or less rapidly as the oil escapes from beneath the piston 34. The oil passes from the lower to the upper side of the piston 34, through the by pass 44, as said piston moves downwardly and the oil is controlled in its passage through said by pass by the needle valve 45 of ordinary construction. Thus it is obvious that the needle valve 45 may be adjusted so as to cause the steam controlling valve to remain open a greater or less length of time, whereby the operator is enabled to so control the action of the steam valves as to permit the admission of steam to the boiler the required length of time to produce the proper combustion of thefuel.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a device of the described class, the combination of a steam generator, a combustion chamber, a grate a nozzle having its discharge end in said combustion chamber, a steam duct leading from the steam space in the boiler to said nozzle, a duct for establishing communication from the ash pit beneath the grate to said nozzle above the grate, a plurality of branch ducts so arranged as to effect a substantially uniform down draft throughout the area of the fuel bed connected with said last named duct, an additional duct for establishing communication from the smoke flue near the rear end of the boiler with the duct leading to said nozzle, and means to said nozzle, whereby when said nozzle is in action for a predetermined period of time after the furnace door is closed, a down draft is produced through the grate, and the distilled gases of fresh fuel are consumed.

2. In a device of the described class, the combination of a steam generator, a combustion chamber, one or more nozzles havfor controlling the admission of steam through said steam duct ing their discharge ends in said combustion chamber, a steam duct leading from the steam space in the boiler to said siphon nozzles, a, duct having open communication from the ash pit beneath the grate to said nozzles above the grate, a plurality of branch air ducts located in close proximity with the lower side of the grate so arranged as to effect a substantially uniform draft through the fuel bed communicating with said duct, an additional duct communicating from the smoke flue near the rear end of the boiler with said duct, a valve located in said steam duct for controlling the admission of steam from the boiler to said nozzles, means for opening said steam valve, and means for closing said valve after the same has remained open a predetermined time.

3. In a device for producing a down draft from the combustion chamber of a steam generator through the fuel and fuel supporting grate to the ash pit, the combination of a steam generator, a combustion chamber, one or more nozzles having their discharge ends in the combustion chamber, a steam duct leading from the steam space in the boiler to said nozzles, a duct for establishing communication between said ash pit beneath the grate and said nozzles above the grate, a plurality of branch air ducts located in close proximity with the lower side of the grate in open communication with said duct, an additional duct communicating from the smoke flue near the rear end of the boiler with said hot air duct, air ducts communicating from the exterior on the rear end of the furnace with said additional duct, a valve located in said steam duct for controlling the admission of steam from the boiler to said nozzles and means for openin said Valve and means for closing said Va Ve after it has been opened a predetermined time,

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

JAMES A. PACKARD. Witnesses:

JAs. B. ERWIN, LYMAN G. WHEELER.

Copies of this patent may be obtained. for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents. Washington, D. G.

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