US1090417A - Engine-governor. - Google Patents

Description

W. SCHMIDT.-

` ENGINE GOVERNOR..

APPLIUATION FILED DBO. 16, 1911. y

1,090,417. j i Eatemed Mar. 17, 191:4;l

mwg'mm ITORNEYS To' .QZZ whomy #may concer/i.' I Be it known that I, VVILI- ELM SCHMIDT, a subject oit' the King'of Prussia and Em-V WILHELM SCHMIDT, F CASSEL-WILHELMSHHE, GERMANY, LASSIGNOR TO SCUHMIDTSCHE HEISSDAMPF-GESELLSCHAFT M. B, VH.,

or cAssEL, een

MANY, A tC0RBDRA'lllON 0F GERMANY.

similari-GOVERNOR.

Laconia.

Specification of Letters Patent.

pplieation led December 16, 1911. Serial No. 666,275.

peror of Germany, and resident of Cassellllilhelmshhc, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in EngineGovernors, of which the following is a specification. l

My invention relates toengine governors for 'reciprocating :engines andfis especially adapted and intended for engines of the type shoWni'n my German Patent No.7 6,651 of September Ll, 1894. ln the engine there disclosed the steam or drivingT medium is'admitted by the aidoit an inlet element which normally tends to remain open but which closes alitomatically under the. influence of pressure changes produced the moving piston with which the inlet element is associated. such engines the quantity of steam admitted to the cylinder is increased or decreased in accordance with the lift of the' inlet element or in other Words, the original cross section of the inlet opening is made greater or less with the lift of thc inletelement so that the time at which .the excess pressure necessary to close the inlet element becomes sullicientl i great is vcorrespondingly earlier orl later. Governing in this way one is limited by the amount ot the normal lift of the inlet organ, z'. e., by the normal area of the inlet opening since regulation with very small normal lifts Ais unreliable.

rfhe object of my invention is to provide `a governor of the general type speciied in which the lift of the inlet element shall be the same for all values ot the steam charge.

In this iva the eove'rnine action is e` uall f- J, D b

reliable for very small lifts (say mm. and less) when a valve is used as the inlet organ as lor very large lifts Whena sliding piston is used for the inlet element. When such sliding piston isused as an inlet element thereis obtained the additional advantage that the lift may be greater rthan the height of the inlet opening.

The exact character of my invention will be lbetter understood by reference to the drawing accompanying which f is hereby made a part of this specica-tion7 and in ulnclr- Figure 1 represents a longitudinal cross section through one end oithe cylinder and In the cylinder end is a ring-shaped inlet opening o? controlled by a ring valve e lyingin the steam 'inlet chamber d. This inlet chamber is provided with a vilve piston f, attached to and tormingpart .of the ring valve o, the inside of which is hollow and permanently connected with the inlet chamber d. The piston j' functions in a cyl lindrical chamber e which I call the regulating' chamber. The inlet chamber Z and the regulating chamhc` are connected vtogether by means of a canal or by-pass l(/.ivhose section may be adjusted by means of a-screiv g. A tube it at the end of regulating chamhere on the outer side ofthe valve piston is provided lwhich connects said regulating chamber with suitable steam collector. sorted a pressure regulator which consists of a 'threaded spindle z' provided with a valve cone e" and a housing provided with a passage 2. The threaded, spindle z' has, attached thereto an arm 'i4 controlled by a regulator' or in default thereof by hand. A fine-stream ot fresh steam Whose pressure is regulated by the pressure regulator i, 3 constantly flows through the passage g, the regulatingv chamber c and the tube The pressure ot fresh steam wit-hin the hollenv piston f tends4 constantly to raise the valve 'c from its seat. This pressure is opposed to the pressure operati e upon the top of the mcnsions of the two piston surfaces are so .chosen that the ditlerence'between the pressure in the inlet chamber d. and that in the thel atmosphere or With a In this tube is in Patented Mar. 1'?, 19ML regulating chamber e may be made very As the pistonbof the engine moves from the steam .inlet toward the steam outlet a throttling in the opening' at ot the valve 'takes place which throttling increases with .increasing speed of the piston. inhousequence there is in the cylinder a smaller pressure than 1u the inlet chamber. soon as the difference between the pressure 1n front of and behind the valve c is suiiricntly great to overpower the pressure eftcctive to raise the valve vsuch-valve 0 Will close and remain closed during the expansion and thecxhaust. lt also remains closed during a portion ot the reverse stroke of the pis! on and only opens when the compression ure has reached a certain value.

it the arm t" of the pressure regulator is rotated so as to reduce the cross section of the passage thi-.n the pref-sure i'n the regulatina` #amber c will increase. Consequently the torce operating to open the valve f: will become '.lfhe valve will therefore close ,more quickly than before and the steam charge ivill be smaller. Converscl y if the arm 'i4 ot the pressure regulator is rotated in the opposite direction the pressure in the regulating chamber v-'ill Adecrease. The .torce tending to open thc valve will become greater and the valve will close later so that the steam charge will be increased.

Instead. ot employing a special passage g the regulating chamber e and the inlet chamber 0i may be united by providing a suitable amount of play between the piston 'b and the cylindrical Wall of the regulating chamber e.

In the modification shown in Fig. Q the steam inlet is controlled by a piston m. This slides in a Cylindrical passage or chamber which opcns'at the cylinder end into the cylinder. Steam from the inlet chamber d passes or may pass through inlet openings 'or passages p into the chamber 0 and thence into the steam cylinder. The `upper part of chamber o constitutes a chamber o which is permanently united by passage o2 with the inletchamher (l. The regulating piston m, is cornice-ted to the valvc'piston f which latter functions in the cylindrical chamber and is connected by a stem o, with an aircataract fr r. The passage g, as in the previous modification, joins the regulating chan'ibcr c with the inlet chamber and the tube It serves for the passage ot steam .trom the regulating chamber. ln the tube it a pressure regulator should be inserted as in Fig. l. In order to save space the same has been omitted from Fig. 2. lfVhen the piston takes the position shown in the drawing, the -lresh steam pressure upon its under side tends to hold it in its higher position. Upon this piston thc fresh stcamin chamber o and the fresh steam ot' lower smaller pressure in regulating chamber e work Oppositely to the pressure ol' the steam upon the under side thereof.' The dimension hould be so chosen that thc effective pressure on the under side or" the piston Will control. As the engine piston t) moves trom the stcaminlct toward the steam outlet, there will talceplacc a throttling of the inlet steam which throttling will increase with the increasing velocity of the piston. As soon as the pressure in the steam cylinder becomes sufficiently small t0 permit the pressure acting in the chambers 0 and e upon the pistons mf to overcome the effective pressure on the under sides of the piston, said piston will be moved into the position inated by the dotted lines in which position the. inlet passage fo is closed. During the compression'pressure the piston Will again be raised. The air-cataract 1 r serves to 'limit the extent of movement of the pistons m It vis obvious that my invention is not restricted to the particular modification shown in the drawing. In particular the form of the regulating,` piston fr is not essential and it might, for example be a piston ot the membrane type. Furthermore the force tending to keep the inlet element op'en need not be 'taken altogether' from the driving force of the machine, but a spring may be used if desired 'in combination wlth said driving force. It is also not necessary to employ the drivingforce of the machine as a pressure.

means in the regulating chamber e, but any other convenient medium under pressure may be employed for this purpose.

Having described my invention, I claim: .-1. The combination, with an engine cyl-A inder provided with a piston, an inlet chamber at the cnd of said cylinder, an inlet openingtrom saidfinlet chamber into said cylinder, and an outlet, of controlling means tor said inlet opening said means comprising a valve, means for leading steam from the inlet chamber to both sides of said valve, and a steam outlet from the outer side 0f the valve piston. A,

Q. The combination, with an engine cylinder provided with a piston, an inlet chamber at the end of said cylinder, an inlet opening t'rom saidl inlet chamber into said cylinder. and an outlet, of controlling means for said inlet opening, said means comprising a valve, means for leading steamv from the inlet chamber, to both sides of said valve. a steam outlet from the outer side of the 'valve, and means for re ulating the steam pressure on said outer site of said valve.

3. The comlgunation, with an engine cvlindor provided with a piston, an inlet chamber at the end ot said cylinder, an inlet openingtrom said inlet chamber intofsaid cyl-l indcr. and an outlet, of'controlling means for said inlet opening Said means comprising a valve, means t'or leading steam from the inlct chamber to the inner side Ot thevalve, a regulating chamber in which said valve moves. a contracted steam passage between said regulating chamherand the inlet chamber, and a steam outlet from the regulating chamber.

4.* The combination, with an engine cylinder provided with a piston, an inlet'chanibc "at the end of said cylinde an inlet open- .in er, and an outlet, of controlling means for said inlet opening, said means comprising a valve piston, means for leading steaml from the inlet chamber to the inner side of the valve piston, a regulatingchamber in which said valve piston moves, the walls of said chamber being spaced from the piston so as to constitute a passage between said regulating chamber and said lower side of the valve iston, and a steam outlet from the regulating chamber.

5. The combination, with an engine cyl-A inder provided with a piston, an inlet cha-mp ber at the end of and opening into said cylinder, and an outlet, of a regulating cham ber separated from the interior of the cylinder and adapted to contain a pressure iuid, means for varying the pressure of said fluid according to the loading ofy the engine, and a valve controlling the opening between inlet chamber and cylinder, said valve having one surface open to the interior of the cylinder and another surface open to the vregulating chamber, said surfaces being so proportioned that the valve will periodically open and close as the piston moves to and i fro; A 6. The combination of an engine cylinder provided with a piston, an inlet chamberat If3() the end of and opening into said cylinder, and an outlet, of a regulating chamber adapted to contain a pressure uid and having an inlet and outlet channel, a throttling arrangement in one of said channels for Varying the pressure of said Huid according to the loading of the engine, and a valve controlling the opening between inlet chamber and cylinder, saidvalve having one surface open to the interior of the cylinder and another surface open to the regulating chamber, said surfaces being so proportioned that the valve will periodically open and close as the piston moves to and fro.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses. f

WILHELM SCHMDT.

lVit-nesses EGMONT Donrrnorr, CARL MoLL.

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