US1087583A

US1087583A - Apparatus for the manufacture of car-wheels.

Info

Publication number: US1087583A
Application number: US65343411A
Authority: US
Inventors: John M Hansen
Original assignee: FORGED STEEL WHEEL Co
Current assignee: FORGED STEEL WHEEL Co
Priority date: 1911-10-07
Filing date: 1911-10-07
Publication date: 1914-02-17
Anticipated expiration: 1931-02-17

Description

J.M.HANSEN.

APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF GAR WHEELS.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 7, 1911.

Pamented Feb.17,1914.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

INVENTOR, %}Z-M7.LW.

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COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH (10., WAsrjmu'roN, D. c.

J. M. HANSEN.

APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF C AR WHEELS.

APPLIOATION FILED OCT. 7, 1911.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

FIG. 4

FIG. 3

Patented Feb. 17, 1914.

M.HANSEN.

APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE 0]? CAR WHEELS.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 7, 1911.

Patented Feb. 17, 1914.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

WITNESSES.

WLCAZMZM INVENTOR.

cm'rnn STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN M. HANSEN, OF PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO FORGED STEEL WHEEL COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF OAR-WHEELS.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, J OHN M. HANSEN, a citizen of the United States, and resident of Pittsburgh, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Apparatus for the Manufacture of Oar-Wheels; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description thereof.

My invention relates to apparatus for the manufacture of forged steel car and similar wheels. It may be considered generally animprovement in the apparatus illustrated and set forth in Letters Patent Nos. 866,020 to 866,026, granted to me September 17, 1907.

The apparatus is particularly adapted for the practice of the method set forth 1n a companion application filed of even date herewith, Serial No, 653,435. as set forth in said application relates particularly to forming said wheels by two successive forging operations, and the present invention includes special points in the construction of dies for the practice of said method.

.The particular points desired to be covered will be hereafter set forth and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings Figure 1 is a vertical section of the first operation dies showing in dotted lines the position of the blank and the dies before the first forging stroke, and in full lines the completion of said forging stroke; Fig. 2 illustrates a method of withdrawal of the blank after the first forging operation; Fig. 3 illustrates the position of the blank as transferred to the second forging dies and before it is operated upon therein; Fig. 4 shows the preliminary movement of said dies and the operation of the same upon the blank; Fig. 5 shows the complete forging stroke in this second operation; and Fig. 6 is a plan view of the plant illustrating the preferred arrangement and location of the forging presses.

The general arrangement of the plant is illustrated in Fig. 6, in which A is the primary forging press, B the final forging press, these presses being set side by side, C the shearing press by which the square or other angular slab is sheared to circular form and delivered to the primary forging press, and D the transfer crane between the Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed October 7, 1911.

T he, method Patented Feb. 17, 1914. Serial No. 653,434.

forging presses. The shearing press O is such as described in an application for patent filed by me Nov. 15, 1909, Serial No. 528,205, and it does not require detail description. The slab is delivered upon the table 0 and fed by a pusher c operated by a suitable cylinder to the shearing press C, and the circular blank is sheared thereby from the angular slab, the circular blank being fed ata lower level over the table 0 to the dies of the primary forging press by means of a pusher operated by a suitable cylinder.

The forging presses may be of any suitable construction. It is necessary that they should have great power, the presses in actual use developing a power often thousand to-ns or more. By means of suitable cylinders power is applied to the dies hereinafter described to produce the necessary operations of the dies and the center or piercing mandrels or plungers. The transfer crane D is located between the two presses and adapted to quickly grasp the blank as delivered from the first or primary press and transfer it to the second or finishing press, and also to carry away the finished wheel from said second press. It is suspended from an overhead track (Z and is provided with gripping arms cl for gripping the blanks and wheels. It is shown in full lines as taking the blank from the primary press and in dotted lines as delivering it to the finishing press.

In the forming of these wheels practical difficulty has been found in maintaining the dies in proper condition where the dies were formed in one piece, while it was found important to form some of the die parts contacting with the metal of special steels to resist the high heat, and to properly support such die parts. By making them of small weight and section the special die parts could be substituted within the main carrying parts according to the different shapes, weights and sizes of wheels. For example in the dies of Figs. 1 and 2, above referred to as the primary dies, it will be seen that the bottom die 1 rests on the bed 2 and that resting on said bed is the bed ring 3 seated thereon by the shoulder 4, and that in the top face of the bed and within said shoulder is the annular seat 5 in which the bottom die 1 is seated, while resting on said bed and within the bottom die is the bottom hub die 6 fitting around the central recess 8 in the bed 2 in which the plunger 9 moves said plunger carrying the plunger head 10 working within the hub die 6. To hold the hub die to its place the bottom die 1 has the annular shoulder 7 fitting over the same. In the primary operation dies above the bottom die 1 is the ring die 11 fitting within the bed ring 3 which with said bottom die forms the bowl-shaped matrix for the primary forging operation. The faces of the bottom hub die, bottom die and ring die are preferably formed curved as illustrated. For example, the upper face of the bottom hub die is formed on an upward curve or incline from its bore, as at 12, and as shown in Fig. 1 the plunger 10 is formed with a tapering upper face 13 with its top edge about on a line with the top edge of the bottom hub die, so leaving a space between the same into which the metal flows in the forging operation, forming on the blank a depending annular lip 14L fitting be tween the hub die and the plunger. Above the hub die the bottom die has the face 15 to form the outer face 16 of the hub, and beyond that the web forming face 17 and the seat 18 for the rudimentary rim 19. The ring die has a slightly flaring face 20 to form the outer face of the bowl-shaped blank. In the finishin dies the construc tion of these parts is siibstantially the same except that the ring die 11 is omitted as the rim forming die forms part of the reciprocating dies. For example, said finishing dies have the bed 21, the annular die holder 22, in which the bottom hub die 23 fits, the bottom hub die 24L being held in place around the central bore 25 in the same way and the plunger 26 passing upwardly through said hub forming die. The upwardly curved face 27 of the hub die and hub forming face 29 of the bottom die are made of the same shape as in the primary dies, and the upper part or piercing head 28 of the plunger is tapering along the same general lines as in the primary operation dies.

As illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2, the blank is forged with its annular depending lip 14 and the bottom hub portion 30, and vhen raised by the central plunger from the matrix as shown in Fig. 2 it is quickly grasped by the tongs cl and carried over to the finishing dies, as shown in Fig. 3, in which case the annular depending lip 1 1 and hub face 30 fit into the parts 27 and 29 of the hub die and bottom die of the finishing dies. In this way, as shown in Fig. 8, the blank produced by the primary dies is properly centered in the finishing dies, and in position for the final forging step; and it is to be noted that in this forging step after the reciprocating dies descend and spread out the blank to impart to the web the proper shape of dish, and to forge the hub to final shape, the piercing mandrel 26 in its upward piercing stroke first encounters the depending annular lip 14: of the blank and by the loose tapering or conoidal end of the piercing head 28 of the plunger forces the metal outwardly and in sures the filling out of the lower portion of the hub against the face 29 of the bottom die. As it is then forced upwardly it also causes the metal to flow upwardly against the upper hub die 42 and shears off the extra metal against the shearing edge 13 of said upper hub die.

The upper reciprocating dies both in the primary and finishing sets correspond in some points to eachother, the main reciprocating die 35 of the primary die being secured to the main die head 36 and the hub die 31 being held between said main die and the die held while the plunger 37 is secured to the central die carrier 38 which is operated upon by the ram of the cylinder of the press. It will be noted that in this die there is the supplemental edging die 39 fitting around the upper part of the main die 35 and held between it and the die head. The main die 35 engages with the web forming portion of the slab and forces the metal thereof'inwardly, while the outer portion of the slab contacts with the ring die 11 so that the blank is bent into bowl form and this edging die 39 acts upon the top edge of the bowl shaped blank so formed and forces the metal thereof downwardly into the annular seat or depression 18, so form.- ing the rudimentary rim portion 19 on the lower side of the web portion. The width of this edging die 39 is not as great as the space between the die 35 and the inner face of the die 11 so that there is a relatively small space beyond the outer edge of the die 39 into which the metal enters as hereafter described.

In the finishing dies the web bending die 11 and the hub forming die 12 are secured to the die carrier 40 and operated upon by the central plunger 41-4 while the rim forming die 45 is supported in the main die head 16, this rim forming die being in this case the main forging means and being operated un-- der great power.

It will be noted that in the primary operation space is left between the stationary ring die 11 and the edging die 39, permitting a relatively thick body of metal to flow up into the space between the same. This prevents the finning of the metal at this point, as if a thin fin were here formed it would be liable to chill quickly and be forced down into the body of the wheel in the second forging operation. Thus in the primary forging operation an annular thick rib 17 is formed, projecting above the edge of the bowl shaped blank. In the finishing dies it will be noticed that the rim forming die 45 has a recess 48 in position corresponding to this rib 47 on the bowl shaped blank of the first operation. As seen in Fig. 4 the outer. bowl portion 49 is grasped on the inner face by the web fornnn die 41 and on the opposite side by the run forming die 45 and this die 45 engages the outer upper edge of the bowl-shaped blank and in forcing the metal down receives the upward projecting rib 47 in the recess 48 and in the second forging operation this rib serves to center and hold the outer edge of the bowlshaped blank while it produces on the finished wheel rim an annular rib 50 which insures the formation of an edge of solid metal free from crack or chill on the rim face and edge face of the finished wheel. This rib can easily be removed in the subsequent turning of the wheel which is the usual practice. It will also be noticed that the rim forming die 45 has on the inner edge an annular rabbet 51. This permits the metal at the inner edge of the rim to flow up between the die 41 and the web forming die without finning, insuring the proper forging of this edge of the rim and this surplus metal may also be removed in the turning of the wheel. It will be noted that the face 52 of the bottom die and the face 53 of the web bending die are of shape corresponding to the set of the web of the finished wheel, That is, the web portion of the slab as first forged is at a greater incline than the dish required in the finished wheel, and as a first part of the finishing operation the die 41 descends and spreads out the bowlshaped blank so that its web portion 54 is brought to proper finished shape of dish and the outer bowl portion 49 is forced into position to be grasped by the rim forming die 45. As the metal is thus held between the bottom die and the web finishing die the rim forming die descends and forms the finished rim on both sides of the web, as above described, this operation being aided by the formation of the rudimentary rim portion 19 so that the liability of the metal folding on itself at this point is overcome. One serious problem in the operation of these dies was to remove the loose piercing heads 28 which, as above described, are forced upwardly through the hub portion of the wheel. To accomplish this I provide the central die carrier 40 with the central opening 40 in line with the bore 50 of the upper hub die 42, and provide this central die carrier with the side openings 56 which communicate with the transverse passage 57 in the main die head 46. When the two sets of dies are in the finishing position these side

transverse passages

56 and 57 are in line, and as the piercing heads 28 with the surplus metal 55 removed by them are successively raised into line with this passage, they can be forced laterally out by means of a bar and so ejected from the machine.

By the apparatus as above described I make practicable the formation of these forged car wheels by two successive forging operations at the same heat and assure the proper filling out of all the parts of the dies while making it practicable to operate so quickly that the metal is at the necessary forging heat for proper finishing within the second operation dies. I also assure the formation of the wheels without the folding of the metal by providing for the formation of a rudimentary rim portion be low the upper edge of the webportion, so

that liability of folding of the rim portion in the final forging step is prevented; and I prevent the formation of thin fins in the first forging operation which might develop folds of the metal and weak places in the finished wheel, and by means of the dies I provide for the proper distribution of the metal in the first forging operation. I also provide for the quick and positive ejection of the blank from the first operation dies through the lifting thereof by the center plunger, and for the filling out of all the parts of the hub and the shearing ofi of the hub metal and the final ejection of the piercing die with the surplus metal.

' The operation of the parts has been so clearly stated above that it is not considered necessary to repeat it.

The specific die structures illustrated in the drawings and capable of use in other relations are made the subject matter of a separate divisional application, Serial No. 683,149. a r

What I claim is: p 4 1. In wheel forging apparatus, the combination of sets of primary and finishing forging dies, respectively set side by side, each set including a stationary die, transfer means betweensaid sets of dies, the primary stationary die and the finishing stationary die of each set respectively having hub supporting seats of the same shape so providing for the centering in the finishing dies of the blank formed in the primary dies.

2.- In wheel forging apparatus, the combination of sets of primary and finishing forging dies, respectively, each set including a stationary die, transfer means between said sets of dies, the primary stationary die and the finishing stationary die each having hub supporting seats of the same shape so providing for the centering in the finishing die of the blank formed in the primary die, a central lifting plunger in said primary stationary die passing through the bottom hub die and adapted to raise the blank from the primary die.

3. In wheel forging apparatus, the combination of sets of primary and finishing forging dies, respectively, each set including a stationary die, transferineans between said sets of dies, the primary stationary die and the finishing die of said sets of dies respectively each. having hub supporting seats of the same shape so providing for the centering in the finishing dies of the blank formed in the primary dies, a central lifting plunger in the primary dies passing through the bottom hub die and adapted to raise the blank from the primary dies, and a central hub piercing plunger in the finishing dies, said plungers both having tapered upper faces.

4-. in wheel forging apparatus, the combination of sets of primary and finishing forging dies, respectively, each set including a stationary die, transfer means between said dies, the primary stationary die and the finishing stationary die each having hub supporting seats of the same shape so proriding for the centering in the finishing dies of the blank formed in the primary dies, a central lifting plunger in said primary stationary dies passing through the bottom hub die and adapted to partially pierce the blank in the primary forging operation and to raise the blank from the primary stationary dies after such operation and a central hub piercing head in the finishing stationary die of the same contour as the first named plunger and adapted to assist in centering the blank in the finishing dies and to completely pierce the hub of the blank.

In wheel forging apparatus, the combination of sets of primary and finishing forging dies, respectively, each set including a stationary die, transfer means between said sets of dies, said primary dies including a rim forming member provided with an annular rib forming face and said finishing dies including a die face to receive said annular rib to center and hold the wheel rim during the finishing operation.

(3. In wheel forming apparatus, the combination of sets of primary and finishing forging dies respectively, each set including a stationary die, transfer means between said sets of dies, the primary stationary die and the finishing stationary die each having hub supporting seats of the same shape to provide for centering the blank formed in the primary dies in the finishing dies, said primary dies having a rim forming member provided with an annular rib forming face, and said finishing dies having a face to receive said annular rib and to aid said hub centering seats in holding the wheel blank centered during the finishing operation.

7. In wheel forging apparatus, the combination of primary forging dies including a stationary bottom die and a reciprocating top die adapted to engage with the blank and bend its edge upwardly, the stationary bottom die having an annular rim forming recess, and the reciprocating die carrying an annular edging die acting on the top edge of the blank, in combination with finishing dies having a rim forming die adapted to act on the bowl portion of the blank produced in the primary dies.

8. In wheel forging apparatus, the combination of primary forging dies including a stationary bottom die and a reciprocating top die adapted to engage with the blank and bend its edge upwardly, the bottom die having an annular rim forming recess and the reciprocating die carrying an annular edging die acting on the top edge of the blank, in combination with finishing dies having a rim forming die adapted to act on the bowl portion of the blank produced in the primary dies, the edging die of the primary dies acting only on the inner portion of the blank so as to form an annular rim on the top edge thereof, and the rim forming die of the finishing dies having a recess at the outer edge of its rim forming face.

In testimony whereof, I the said JOHN M. Han sun, have hereunto set my hand.

JOHN M. HANSEN. Witnesses:

ROBERT C. To'rTnN, JOHN F. WILL.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, I). G.