US1086403A - Water-radiator. - Google Patents

Water-radiator. Download PDF

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US1086403A
US1086403A US53023909A US1909530239A US1086403A US 1086403 A US1086403 A US 1086403A US 53023909 A US53023909 A US 53023909A US 1909530239 A US1909530239 A US 1909530239A US 1086403 A US1086403 A US 1086403A
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tubes
beads
radiator
water
solder
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US53023909A
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Theodore D Robinson
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/02—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations
    • F28F3/04—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/03—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits
    • F28D1/0308—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits the conduits being formed by paired plates touching each other
    • F28D1/0325—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits the conduits being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having lateral openings therein for circulation of the heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another
    • F28D1/0333—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits the conduits being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having lateral openings therein for circulation of the heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another the plates having integrated connecting members
    • F28D1/0341—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits the conduits being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having lateral openings therein for circulation of the heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another the plates having integrated connecting members with U-flow or serpentine-flow inside the conduits

Definitions

  • My invention relates to radiators, but
  • radiators for automohiles t'or rapidly cooling the water passing through the Water-jackets o't an engine lu radiatorsl employed for such purposes, the water enters the same in a heated and sometimes boiling condition and is discharged therefrom in a. comparatively cool condition.
  • the rapid cooling of the Water by the mere passing of the saine through the radiauir subjects the latter to severe strains, due to the uneven conti-action and expansion of the parts.
  • This is particularly ,true otl a tube radiator, in which individual air-tubes are assembled in block form and united :it the ends to toi-m water-passages therebetween.
  • My invention is applied to a radiator of this type.
  • the object of my invention is to so construct the tubes that the expansion and contraction ot the same will be confined wholly to points intermediate the means ot' uniting them at the ends With adjoining tubes ⁇ thus relieving the soldered ends ot a il strain, which has heretofore ⁇ been a serious objection to radiators ot' this type.
  • My invention also provides a. radiator ot' greater efiieiency. one having' greatest strength at the points heretofore considered the weakest, and one which can be more economically manu facto red.
  • FIG. l is a front elevation ot' a radiator constructed according to my invention
  • Fig. 2 is a. hori zcntal section taken on line 2*'2
  • Fig. 3 is a vertical longitudinal section through the radiator.
  • Fig. s is an enlarged vertical section through a portion ot the radiator taken on the line e, Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 5 is a front elevation ot' a radiator constructed according to my invention
  • FIG. 2 is a. hori zcntal section taken on line 2*'2
  • Fig. 3 is a vertical longitudinal section through the radiator.
  • Fig. s is an enlarged vertical section through a portion ot the radiator taken on the line e, Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 5 is an enlarged vertical section through a portion ot the radiator taken on the line e, Fig. 1.
  • The. radiator comprises essentially, a cas ingl A, and a group or block of assembled air tubes B surrounded by said ezising, ⁇
  • the casing A has an inlet chamber C at its upper end into which the heated Water from the ⁇ 'ate1jaclet of an engine is delivered, and an outlet-chamber D at its lower ⁇ end troni which the cooled water passes to the said wateujackets, as is common in radiators of this kind.
  • the group or block of assembled tubes separat-es the inletchamber from the outlet-chamber and the wat-er in passing from one to the other is divided into numern ous streams which ind their windu-(meh the spaces between the air-tubes and iinally reach the outlet-chamber l).
  • These tubes l have designated ll and' the. spaces between the tubes F.
  • the air-tubes E are'preierably arranged in horizontal rows extending from side to side ot the casingand they are staggered from top to bottoni.
  • Each tube has a continuous bead G :it each end formed by lgyra-dually bulging); the metal outward so as to term a gentle slope from the edge inward and a gentle slope from the point ot greatest expansion inward to the normal size ot the tube, the extremity beingr'theretiore retained at normal size. This results in substantially inverted U-shaped beads being' formed entirely around the tube.
  • each air-tube lie in contact with the heads ot' adjoining' air-tubes so as to yprovide shallow grooves between theextremities of the tubes. whose walls graduallyconverge inwardly nnniediately from ,the edges of the tubes. These grooves are therefore sub-stantiall.)r U-shaped, and in themV solder H is entered to rigidly and securely unite the tubes.
  • the nu1nerons air-tubes are heldin assembled condition by suitable clamps and their front and rear faces dipped into liquid solder which fills the end grooves and also covers the edges ot'. the tubes so that the block of tubes has the appearance shown in Fig'. 1. in this manner, the seams between the solder and the tubes are rendered invisible. lBy bringing the points of contact between the tubes at points slightly in rear of their front edges and slightly in front ottheir rear edges, a very rigid construction is obtained owing to the solder entering the grooves' between said points ,of Contact and the ends ⁇ of the tubes. 4The inost important feature ci?
  • my invention lies in forming the beads by bulging out or expanding the metal gradually, preferably by means of curving the walls of said beads so that all sharp angles are avoided and so that under strain, due to expansionY and contraction, the metal at the inner half of the beads will flex or yield.
  • the outer half of the walls of said beads are united in a rigid manner, only the inner half will yield under strain and consequently as the metal of the tubes becomes subjected to diderent degrees of temperature and expands and contracts, the tubes yield only at points between the trans- -verse centers or summits ofthe beads at their front and rear ends, thus relieving the jointsvof 'all strain and consequently avoid- A ing separation or tearing away of the solder.
  • a substantially rigid wall is lformed at the front and rearof the radiato-r between which is a region in which the metal of the' tubes is free to expand andloontract without straining the solder between the tubes.
  • the transverse centers or sumnits of the beads define the division lines between the subls tantially rigid front and rear walls and the expansion region, since the solder, owing to the comparatively sballo-w face grooves and their gradual inward reduction in size, fills the spaces or grooves'entirely up to the summits of the beads.
  • the air-tubes are made of very thin sheet copper so that the airpassing therethrough will act to quickly cool the' numerous small streams of water passing thro-ugh the waterpassages F.
  • a radiator comprising a plurality of assembled horizontally-disposed tubes, each tube having a bead at one end formed by gradually expanding the metal outward imycontracts so that the solder .in said groovesl is relieved of strain.
  • a radiator comprising a plurality of assembled rectangular tubes, each tube having endless beads at opposite ends formed by expanding the metal, the walls of said 'beads receding outward from their greatest points of expansion to the' edges of the tubes and inward to the unexpanded intermediate body portion, thereby forming water passages between the tubes closed at opposite ends by said beads, and solder inserted between the tubes outside of said beads at opposite ends of the tubes to form two rigid walls confining the expansion and coni traction of the metal 'forming the tubes to the regions between the points of greatest expansion of the' beads at opposite ends of said tubes.
  • a radiator comprising a plurality of assembled tubes having spacing-beads atopposite ends, the spacing bead of each tube lying in contact with the beads of adjoining tubes and each tube having its spacing beads at the extremities formed to provide a gradually enlarged cross-sectional measurement from the edge of the tube inward and then a gradually reduced cross-sectional measurement until the normal size of the tubeis obtained, thus forming gradually. narrowed spaces between the end edges thereof andthe -two points of greatest diameter, and solder filling said spaces. and uniting said tubes.

Description

Feb
SHBETS-SHEET 1.
mami-anija mm mmm mijn mamme;
THEODOB/E D. ROBIISON, GF LQCKPORT, NEW YORK;
W'ATEEf-RADLTOB.
Application filed November 2'?, 1909.
Specification of Letters Patent.
Patented Feb. it), i914.
serial No. 530,239.
at Lockport, in the county of Niagara and State of 1New York, have invented certain i new and useful Improvements in Water-i Radiators, of which the following is a specif lication. y
My invention relates to radiators, but
more particularly to radiators for automohiles t'or rapidly cooling the water passing through the Water-jackets o't an engine. lu radiatorsl employed for such purposes, the water enters the same in a heated and sometimes boiling condition and is discharged therefrom in a. comparatively cool condition. The rapid cooling of the Water by the mere passing of the saine through the radiauir, subjects the latter to severe strains, due to the uneven conti-action and expansion of the parts. This is particularly ,true otl a tube radiator, in which individual air-tubes are assembled in block form and united :it the ends to toi-m water-passages therebetween. My invention is applied to a radiator of this type. wherein the air-tubes are united at the ends by soldering,` them together` and the object of my invention is to so construct the tubes that the expansion and contraction ot the same will be confined wholly to points intermediate the means ot' uniting them at the ends With adjoining tubes` thus relieving the soldered ends ot a il strain, which has heretofore `been a serious objection to radiators ot' this type.
My invention also provides a. radiator ot' greater efiieiency. one having' greatest strength at the points heretofore considered the weakest, and one which can be more economically manu facto red.
"To these ends the invention consists in the construction. arrangement and combination ot parts to be hereinafter described and particularly pointed out in the subjoined claims.
in the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification,-Figure l is a front elevation ot' a radiator constructed according to my invention, Fig. 2 is a. hori zcntal section taken on line 2*'2, Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a vertical longitudinal section through the radiator. Fig. s is an enlarged vertical section through a portion ot the radiator taken on the line e, Fig. 1. Fig. 5
' Lis an enlarged detached perspective View of one of the tubes.
Referring now' to the drawings in detail,
lile letters or reference refer to like parts in the several gures.
The. radiator comprises essentially, a cas ingl A, and a group or block of assembled air tubes B surrounded by said ezising,` The casing A has an inlet chamber C at its upper end into which the heated Water from the \\'ate1jaclet of an engine is delivered, and an outlet-chamber D at its lower `end troni which the cooled water passes to the said wateujackets, as is common in radiators of this kind. The group or block of assembled tubes separat-es the inletchamber from the outlet-chamber and the wat-er in passing from one to the other is divided into numern ous streams which ind their windu-(meh the spaces between the air-tubes and iinally reach the outlet-chamber l). These tubes l have designated ll and' the. spaces between the tubes F. The air-tubes E are'preierably arranged in horizontal rows extending from side to side ot the casingand they are staggered from top to bottoni. Each tube has a continuous bead G :it each end formed by lgyra-dually bulging); the metal outward so as to term a gentle slope from the edge inward and a gentle slope from the point ot greatest expansion inward to the normal size ot the tube, the extremity beingr'theretiore retained at normal size. This results in substantially inverted U-shaped beads being' formed entirely around the tube. The beads oi"- each air-tube lie in contact with the heads ot' adjoining' air-tubes so as to yprovide shallow grooves between theextremities of the tubes. whose walls graduallyconverge inwardly nnniediately from ,the edges of the tubes. These grooves are therefore sub-stantiall.)r U-shaped, and in themV solder H is entered to rigidly and securely unite the tubes.
Tn constructing the radiator. the nu1nerons air-tubes are heldin assembled condition by suitable clamps and their front and rear faces dipped into liquid solder which fills the end grooves and also covers the edges ot'. the tubes so that the block of tubes has the appearance shown in Fig'. 1. in this manner, the seams between the solder and the tubes are rendered invisible. lBy bringing the points of contact between the tubes at points slightly in rear of their front edges and slightly in front ottheir rear edges, a very rigid construction is obtained owing to the solder entering the grooves' between said points ,of Contact and the ends` of the tubes. 4The inost important feature ci? my invention, however, lies in forming the beads by bulging out or expanding the metal gradually, preferably by means of curving the walls of said beads so that all sharp angles are avoided and so that under strain, due to expansionY and contraction, the metal at the inner half of the beads will flex or yield. As the outer half of the walls of said beads are united in a rigid manner, only the inner half will yield under strain and consequently as the metal of the tubes becomes subjected to diderent degrees of temperature and expands and contracts, the tubes yield only at points between the trans- -verse centers or summits ofthe beads at their front and rear ends, thus relieving the jointsvof 'all strain and consequently avoid- A ing separation or tearing away of the solder.
Bymeans of this construction, a substantially rigid wall is lformed at the front and rearof the radiato-r between which is a region in which the metal of the' tubes is free to expand andloontract without straining the solder between the tubes. The transverse centers or sumnits of the beads define the division lines between the subls tantially rigid front and rear walls and the expansion region, since the solder, owing to the comparatively sballo-w face grooves and their gradual inward reduction in size, fills the spaces or grooves'entirely up to the summits of the beads.
The air-tubes are made of very thin sheet copper so that the airpassing therethrough will act to quickly cool the' numerous small streams of water passing thro-ugh the waterpassages F.
Having thus described my invention, what I claim is,
l. A radiator comprising a plurality of assembled horizontally-disposed tubes, each tube having a bead at one end formed by gradually expanding the metal outward imycontracts so that the solder .in said groovesl is relieved of strain.
3. A radiator comprising a plurality of assembled rectangular tubes, each tube having endless beads at opposite ends formed by expanding the metal, the walls of said 'beads receding outward from their greatest points of expansion to the' edges of the tubes and inward to the unexpanded intermediate body portion, thereby forming water passages between the tubes closed at opposite ends by said beads, and solder inserted between the tubes outside of said beads at opposite ends of the tubes to form two rigid walls confining the expansion and coni traction of the metal 'forming the tubes to the regions between the points of greatest expansion of the' beads at opposite ends of said tubes.
4. A radiator comprising a plurality of assembled tubes having spacing-beads atopposite ends, the spacing bead of each tube lying in contact with the beads of adjoining tubes and each tube having its spacing beads at the extremities formed to provide a gradually enlarged cross-sectional measurement from the edge of the tube inward and then a gradually reduced cross-sectional measurement until the normal size of the tubeis obtained, thus forming gradually. narrowed spaces between the end edges thereof andthe -two points of greatest diameter, and solder filling said spaces. and uniting said tubes. y
In testimony whereof, l have aiixed my signature in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.
THEODORE D. ROBINSON.
Witnesses ELLA C. PLUECKH Ann',
EMIL NEUHART.
US53023909A 1909-11-27 1909-11-27 Water-radiator. Expired - Lifetime US1086403A (en)

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