US1084544A - Shaper. - Google Patents

Description

B. M'. W. HANSON & F. C. -ALLEN.

B. M. W. HANSON & FLC. ALLEN. SBAPER. l

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 2, 1911. 1,084,544. Patented Jan. 13, 1914.

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RENGT M. W. `HANsoN AND FREDERICK c. ALLEN, or HARTroRn, ooNNEcTIcT, AssIGNoRs To THE PRATT a WHITNEY COMPANY, or HARTFORD, ooNNEoTIcUT,

A CORPORATION 0F NEW JERSEY.

SHAPER.

Specication of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 13,1914.

Application filed November 2, 1911. Serial No. 658,110.

To all 'whom it mag] concem: l

Be it known that we, BENGT M. W. HAN- soN and FREDERICK C. ALLEN, citizens of the United States, residing at Hartford, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and uselful Improvements in Shapers, of which the following is a specification.

This Iinvention relates to Shapers.

Our improvements can-,be incorporated with utility in various styles of machines of the character mentioned.

In the drawings accompanying and forming part of the present specification, we have illustrated in detail one convenient form'of embodiment ofthe invention which will be set forth fully in the following descri tion, this disclosure being primarily provi ed to enable lthose skilled in the metal-working art to practice the invention. We may depart .from such disclosure, however, in several respects within the scope of the claims, without departing from the spirit of the invention. i

In the organization illustrated the l machine is a vertical shaper, although this is not essential, it being immaterial in what direction the tool travels. A n

A machine involving our invention comprises several features of advantage, one being the effective means whereby the range of movement of the tool can be. adjusted without'afecting the proper feeding of the workcarrying means. Anotherpoint resides in means for feeding the tool with a minimum expenditure of ower. Another point is the swiveling of t e tool-supporting head so that when the tool has cut upon one face of work, said head may be turned to cause the tool to operate upon another face of work, by reason of which no adjustment need be touched unless of course we, except the adjustment of the head. Another point is the substantialV mounting and bracing of a swinging member of the tool-supporting head so that chattering or shake is reduced to the least possible extent. The machine involves other features of novelty and advantage which with the foregoing will be set forth fully in said description. IVe might remark that it is notl necessary that all of these features be employed in one machine.

'is a sectional detail of a portion of slideadjusting mechanism hereinafter described.

Fig. 4 is a detail view in elevation, of part of the gearing for oscillating the tool-carrier. Fig. 5 is a similar view of a cam constituting part of the slide-feeding mechanism.

The views are on different scales, and throughout the same like characters refer to like parts. y

The different` parts of the machine may be supported upon any suitable framework; that shown comprises a hed 10 and a column 11 risingfrom and suitably fastened to said bed as by bolts, as is usual in metal working machines of various kinds. Upon the bed 10 is the main slide 12 which has a has preferably imparted thereto after the4 usua fashion, a rocking or oscillatory movement. That is to say it is common in this art to'operate by power during one period of action one of the two slides and to operate at a diderent time the other of the two' slides also by power.` For example when the slide 12 is being operated by the power of the shaft 16 the slide 13 will, if necessary, be adjusted by hand, whereas when the slide 13 is being operated through the agency of said shaft 16 the slide 12 iffnecessary, is operated by hand. The main slide 12 may be operated by the hand-wheel 17 and its usual adjuncts, while the hand wheel 18 and its appurtenances may be employed for operating the cross slide 13, the hand wheel 19 and devices connected therewith being provided to rotate the turntable 14. The feed screws 2O for the slides 12 and 13 may be provided with ratchet wheels 21 engageable preferably by pawls 22 which in turn are actuated by the shaft 16 all as common in shapers of various types.

action, so that said pawl can, through the in termediate parts operate step by step itsiappropriate slide, this action occurring after i a cut has been made by the tool.

Thehead or overhanging portion of the column 11 is provided with a suitable slide- .just described permits carrier and to the slide thereon as will hereinafter appear, is connected the shaping tool. A slide-carrier such as answers our purpose, is that denoted in a general way by 25 and which may as shown, be pivotally supported as at.2G at its upper end, to the top of the column 11. Owing to the pivotal mounting of this carrier it is adapted for angular adjustment, and it may be maintained in its `adjusted position by bolts as 27 extending through arcuate slots 28-near the lower part of said carrier, said bolts `being provided with nuts on the outer sides of the column. By loosening the nuts the carrier 25 can be swung either forward or backward to adjust the tool connected therewith and when the adjustment is obtained the nuts will be set up, to clamp the carrier substantially in place. It willbe seen that the organization this carrier to be swung-about a horizontal axis which provides for one adjustment of the tool, a second adjustment of said tool being secured by means hereinafter described. The carrier 25 supports a tool-slide as 30 which is reciprocated by power as will hereinafter appear, and the mechanism for operating said slide is such that the stroke of said slide and therefore of the tool can be varied. Means are also provided foradjusting said tool slide 30l to govern the position of cut all as will hereinafter appear.

A tool such 4as meets our requirements is that denoted by '31 and it is sustained by a head such as that denoted in a general way by 32, said head being 'swiveled to the slide 30 for movement about 'a vertical axis, for instance by having the body or main portion 33 of the said tool-carrying head 32 connected by a bolt or stud '34 with said slide 30, the head of said bolt or stud being located in a chamber 35 in said body 33 and the shank thereof fitting a hole in the web 3G of said slide 30. The shank of the stud or -bolt is perforated to receive the clamping` member 37 which is made in the form of a stud shaft having a cam portion 38 situated in the hole or perforation of said shank, said locking or clampingmember 37 boing equipped with a handle or lever 39. The cam portion 38 on the manipulation of the handle, 39, is adapted to force the tool carrying head 32 upwardly into solid engagement with the slide 30 as shown in Fig. 3, thc head of the pivot pin or bolt 34 at this time engagingthe top or roof of the chamber 35. To adjust the head 32 the cam shaft 37 will be turned so as to cause the `cam 3S to free the pin or stud 34 at which time said head 32 can be turned to accomplish the desired object at which point the cam shaft 37 will be operated so as to eect the clamping of the head 32 against the slide 30 as already described. In addition to the body 33 the tool-head 32 has a swinging member pivoted to said body at 41, and this swinging bod'y directly carries the tool, said swinging member 40 being furnished with a tool post 42 the stemv of which is providedwith a-nut 43 adapted to engage against the outer surface of the swinging -member 40. The head of the tool post 42 has a-perforation to receive the tool 31 and the tool is adapted to bc drawn against the hard metal facings 44 by the action of the nut 43,'

said facings being pinned or otherwise secured to the front face of the swinging member 40. It will be observed that the outer surface of the tool post42 or its equivalent is back of thecutting edge or point of the tool 31 and therefore back of the cutting plane by reason of which the tool can 'ont entirely through work, no matter what its depth or thickness, without interference.

In a shaper the cut usually takes place on the advance of the tool-carrying slide, and during the cutting operation by the tool 31 the thrust against theA tool is in the opposite direction, and this effect is transferred to the swinging member 40 which has a flat surface 45 adapted to bear against a similar flat surface 46 on the body member 33 so' that during the cutting operation the effect is as vthough' the-swinging member 40 were -rigid or integral with the body member 33.

During the retractive stroke of the parts the' swinging 'member 4()l permits the cutting portion of the tool 31 to lightly travel against the work without cutting and if any obstruction iscncounteredtduring the backward modiemert the swinging member can, of course, give, and in this way the work will not be marred. As a matter of vfact in the present case we provide means for yieldingly receiving thethr'usts of the swinging lmember on backward movements thereof,

and for thispurpose thel spring 47 may bc provided, said spring being coiled about a pill 48 disposed in tht chamber and rigidly connected with the body 33, one end of the spring bearing against said body 33 and the other end bearing against the Alug or ear 49 rising from said swinging member 40 so adsense that when the tool 31 strikes any 'obstruction or protuberance on the-backward movement thereof, the shock is buded or taken up' by said spring. There may becases where it is desirable toprevent movement of the swinging member i0 on the retractive motion of a shaping tool such for example as where a very long tool is being used, and to secure this result the screw 56 for' example may be utilized. rlhis screw is tapped through the 1u or ear 9 on the swinging member 40 and normally its tip oninner end is free of the pin 48. If the screw 50 is operated so as to cause it to engage the pin 48 the swinging member 40 will be eectu- .allylocked against all movement relatively to the body 33.- We also call attention to the fact thatthe tool ost 42 is situated between the axis of oscil ation of the swinging member 40 and the abutment surface 46 so that thereby we get maximum holding eiliciency-of said swinging member 40 by the body member 33 during cutting. |lfhe best effects are secured when the axis of oscillation of the swinging member 40 is diagonally opposite the abutment surface d6 as shown.

As a means for reciprocating the slide 30 the lcver l55 may be provided, and although the effect of said lever may be transferred to said slide in any desirable manner, we prefer block 56 to which said slide is connected for' that \it be applied to a. member such as the adjustment for a reason that will hereinafter appear. The slide 30 is provided with a screw 'shaft 57 which is longitudinallyimmovable iii the slide and the threaded portion ofl which is tapped into the block 56. It will, therefore, he clear that by rotating the shaft-*57, the slide 30 may be fed up and down. Any suitable Ameans may be provided for rot-ating' the shaft 57. It is shown provided with a spurgear-58 in mesh with the spur-gear 59 rigid with the shaft 60 also carried by the slide '30 and at the upper end thereof, said stub shaft 60 being provided with a hand wheel 6l.. Therefore by'turning the hand wheel 61 the slide 30 through the intermediate parts may be adjusted vertically on the carrier 25 and with respect to the block 56, whereby the point at which vthe cui; is to be made can be regulated. The

sustained by bearings carried by the sides of the column 11 in which column said shaft 55 is located, the column having a slot 64 at its rear to permit free swinging movement of said lever 55. The rear branch of the lever has a longitudinal slot 65 in which the block or shoe 66 is situatedl/ said block or shoe being of rectangular construction .and freely fitting' the pin, 67 extending eccentrically from the disk 68 which fits a counterbore 69 formed eccentrically in a driving member such as thev gear 70. The disk, 68 is rigid with the shaft lll; for example said disk may be keyed to said shaft by a key 68` as shown, said shaft being supported for rotary motion .by the elongated hub 72 of said gear 70 and extending outward beyond said hub for a purpose that will hereinafter appear. By rotating theshaft 71 the disk 68 can be turned so as to bring the axis of the stud or pin 67 into coincidence with the axis of the gear 70 or at various points removed rom said axis by reason of which the stroke of the lever 55 can be varied or said/lever also thrown out of action during the rotation of the gear 70, the last mentioned action occurring when the` axes of the pin 67 and gear 70 are coincident as shown in Fig. 2. The hub of the gear70 may as shown be set into a bearing sleeve 73 fitted in one side of the column 11. In mesh with the spur gear 70 is -t-he pinion 74 fastened to the power shaft 75 which may be driven in any desirable manner for instance by a pulley 76. It will, therefore, be clear that when the shaft 75 is being rotated the slide 36 and therefore the tool 31 through the intermediate parts will be reciprocated, the length of the reciprocation depending upon the distance of the stud 67 t :from the axis of rotation of the spur gear 70.

Vire desire to call attention to the fact that the lever 55 is counterbalanced Which result tion or rocking movement, between it sends and the mass of the weighted arm of said lever is sufiicient to counterbalance or counterpoise the parts connected withthe inner arm 'of said lever ,including said inner arm itself, so that there is no tendency on th'x part ot said lever thc slidel 30 or the parts connected therewith to move of them! sclves, by virtue of which the only thing necessary for the lever-operating mechanism to do, is to actuate said lever and therefore the varioiis parts ci nnectedtherewith which as will. be clear is highly advantageous. We desire also to call attention to thc fact that the mechanism for adjusting the slide 30 to govern the position at which the tool makes its cut, is connected with said lever 55 at one side of its axis of oscillation, while thc .cupped cap-plate .78, and the reduced p0rtioii 7S) of the shaft Tlextends through a perforati n-.in said cap plate and is provided with holding and check nuts 80. By unlooseiiing these nuts 80 the shaft 71 can be freely turned to adjust the stud G7, and when the adjlistn'ieiit is obtained said nuts l will be tightened'. The means shown for rotating the shaft 7l and therefore adjusting the stud G7 will be hereinafter described.

y The cap plate 78 is shown provided with a hollow stud or tubular projection 8l having a lateral oii'set S2 in which is fitted the pin S3, the axis of which is substantially coincident with the axis of rotation of the spur gear 70. The pin may be driven into a hole in said oii'set. It is provided with a sleeve Si having the gear 85 integral therewith, said sleeve extending through a hole in the outer wall of the shell-like cam SG and being as shown keyed to said cam. It, therefore, follows that lwhen the cam SG is turned the gear S5 will also be turned. The gear 85 is in mesh with a gear S7 at the oute'i` end V' df the shaft 88, said shaft being provided at its inner end within the cup-like cap plat-e 7S with a gear 89 in mesh with the gear 90 fastened to the Areduced portion T9-of the shaft 71. It will be clear that owing to the described construction the stud 6T .is adjnsted by rotating the cani 8G, and this cam which receives its motion from the main vshaft 75 also serves to operate through in- -terniediate connections described below the slide-operating shaft 1.6 to which We have already referred. It will, therefore, be understood that notwithstanding the fact that the stroke of the tool is varied, the slides (12 or 13) when operated by power will commence their movements Aat the proper times, By virtue of this last 'mentioned feature the feed 'of the slides 12 and 13 is'insnied at the exact point notwithstanding the.

adjustme t of the lever pr .analogous member.

'lhe cam SG has an exterior rroove 91 which receives a stud 92 on one branch of theangle lever 93.fulcrumed at its angle tothe framing of the machine, the other arm of said angle lever being connected with a rod 942 jointed at its lower end t the crank arm 95 fastened to the shaft 16;y It, therefore, follows that wheii the gear'O driven -'from the. main shaft as already described is rotated it cscillates through the described parte the. lever 55 and also rotates the cam Sti whereby said cam will 'through the described parts rock the shaft 1G to effect the action by power, of one of the two slides 13 and 13.

Wha-t we claim is:

1. ln a n i-aehine of the class described, the combination of a4 work-carrier andan operating shaft therefor, a tool-supporting'membei', a. leveroperatively connected withsaidtool-supporting member, a power-transmitting member, a d isk eccentrically supported by said power-transmitting member and provided with an eccentric pin adjustablyconnected with said lever, a cam and connections therewith, for actuatingsaid shaft, said caln being rotative with said power-transmitting member, and means for rotating said disk and for also rotating said cam independently of said power-transmittiing member.

2. -In a machine of the class described, the combination of a work-carrier and an operating member therefor, a tool-supporting member, a lever operatively connected with said tool-supporting 'membei, a powertransniitting member, a pin adjust-ably connected with said lever, a rotary member to which said pin is eccentrically connected-and the axis-of which is eccentric to said powertransmitting member, an actuating device and connections therewith for actuating said work-carrier operating member, said actuating device being'rotative with said powertransmitting member, and means for rotating said'rotary member and for also rot-.ating said actuating device independently of said power-transinitting member.

3. In amachin`eof the class jdescribed, the combination of a work-carrier and an operating shaft therefor, Ia tool-supporting member, a power-transmitting member, a rotary member supported by saidv po\vei-transinit `eccentric to that o'f said power-transmitting member, an eccentric pin carried by said rotary member aiidndpistably connected with said lever, an actuating device and connec- A tions therewith for actuating said shaft, said actuating device being rotative with said' power-transmitting member, and means includingmeshing gears, for rotating .said ro- ,tary member and for also rotating said actuating device independentlyv of said powertransmitting member.

4. 1n a machine of the class described, the combination of a. work-'carrier and an opeiating shaft therefor, a tool-supporting member, a leiter operatively connected with said tool-supporting member, a power-transmitting member, a shaft relatively and ecceiitrically supported by said power-transmit-- ting member, a member rigidly connected with said last mentioned shaft and provided with an eccentric pin adjustably connected with said lever, acam rotative with and independently of said power-transmitting izo member and geared to said last mentioned.

shaft, whereby when said last mentioned 'shaft is turned the cam will be also turned,

and operative connections between said work-carrier operating shaft and said cam.

5. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a work-carrier and an operating member therefor, a tool-supportingr member, a lever operatively connected with said tool-supporting member, a pmv'er-trane mitting member, a pin adjustably connected with said lever and also adjustably connect ed with said power-transmitting member, an

actuating device and connections therewith,

for actuating said Work-carrier operating member, sald actuating device belng rotatlve Wlth sald poWer-transn'uttmg member, and

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