US1084009A

US1084009A - Fluid-pressure drill.

Info

Publication number: US1084009A
Application number: US75967513A
Authority: US
Inventors: John Allen Heany
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1913-04-08
Filing date: 1913-04-08
Publication date: 1914-01-13
Anticipated expiration: 1931-01-13

Description

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UNTTED sTaTis PATENT onirica;

JoHN ALLEN HEANY, or WASHINGTON, DISTRICT or COLUMBIA.

FLUID-PRESSURE DRILL.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 13,1914.

' applicati@ inea Api-n a, i913. seriaiNo. 759,675.

- Be a known that i, JOHN ALLEN Hailey;

a citizen of the United States, and a resi- -dent of Washington, in the District of Columbia, have inventedv certain new and use- -ful Improvements'in Fluid-Pressure Drills, ofwhich the following is a `full and clear lspecification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view f of my valvemechanism complete; and Fig.

2' a similar view taken on the line 2 2 ,of

.y Fig. 1. f

The object 'of this invention is to provide a. simple and efficient automaticpneumatic valve mechanism for reversin the action of thetool piston, as more fully ereinafter set forth.

- The letter a ,designates the usual cylinder of a pneumatic rock drill'provided'with the 'usual combined inlet and exhaust ports b; c the usual tool pistoul and Z the usual rod for operating, or for connection to, the drilll Extending along V'der at each end, the inner end of each of these. cylinders beingclosed by the body of the casing and its outer end by' a suitable cap "or plug g.- The outer end of each ot these cylinders isin communication with the adjacent end'of the cylinder a by one of the aforesaid ports b. At opposite sides of each port b is aiiixed` a pair of rings h whose in-V ner. cylindrical faces form valye seatsl for a piston valve i which is connected by a rod y to a motor piston k, which latter works in a lining Z fixed in the cylinder f at theinner end thereof. The piston lo is larger in diameter thanthe piston vaive z', and the inner face of the piston cis greater in pressurearea than the outer face thereof to the exl. tent of the area of the connectingpston z'.

. supply conduit m.

The conne :ting rod or member j is smaller in diameter thanthe piston valve i., and .to the space thus formed between the two pistons z' and 7c is connected a Huid pressure The -two supply conduits m are brought to the center of the casing and are adapted to'be put into communication with the supply n by ports o and p in a rotary plug g mounted in the casing, the arrangement of ports being such that when the pressure is cut oil from one of -the' ports mit will be cut olf from both of them. A transverse branch r of the port p is one side of the piston a.l is a casing e which is formed into a cylinadapted, when. ports 0 register with ports n, to communicate with a port s in the casing and this ports communicates 'with lateral poits t which extend respectively to the upper ends oftwo transverse cylinders formed in the body ofthe casing. In each of these cylinders works a reciprocatine cylindrical valve u, each valve having slicing contact with'a lining sleeve i: fixed in each cylinder. A coil spring fw normally presses each valve inwardly, that is, toward the engine cylinder a. tremity of its stroke, an annular iiange on its outer en'd opens port t, and when said valve is in its normal, inner position said When each'valve u is at the outer ex-` flangecloses said port t.- VVhen-each of said `valves u is at the inner end of vits stroke it puts the inner end of the adjacent cylinder e into communication with the atmosphere through-'a port y, annular groove y in valve u and a casing port y2 and when in its 4outer position it closes said port y.. The inthat the .piston will preferably at all times hold one ofthe valves u in its out position. When the plug g is turned so .as to bring the ports m and t into communication with the i pressure supply, the compressed air will pass into the inner end of that one of'thc cylinders fwhose inlet port o happens to upon the piston k in that cylinder will be moved toward the outer end of the cylinder. This movement of thepiston 7.: will move I piston out of the inner ring h4 and into the opposite ring seat h and thus put the supply conduit m into communication with the adjacent end` ofthe engine cylinder through port I). The piston c will then move toward the opposite end of the main cylinder and during* its movement it will open the closed valve u and release the open valve u, whereuponV the released valve will close andthus permit the inner end of its adjacent cylinder f to exhaust through port y. The piston holds one y until the piston opens or is about to onen of the valves u in its open position be uncovered by the annular angef, wherethe other valve u, and as leach'valve is thus opened by the piston 4a sufficient quantity of compressed air is allowed to pass into the inner end of'a cylinder f to actuate its piston valve i inI a mannerto put the pressure supA vply into communication with the adjacent' i end of the engine cylinder. The piston valves z' are brought back to exhausting position,"(in which position the parts are as shown at the left hand end of Fig. l) by 1 pressure of air on the outer face of its piston the inner face of the piston, when pressure.

is admitted-into the inner end of the cylin-j derf. v .1

It will be understood that the power of the blow maybe regulated by 1means of the main valve plug q, 'Io-regulate the speed I provide an auxiliary plug b', which is rotatably mounted in the casing ,e adjacent to the main plug qand istprovided'with ports. ,which adapt it to register with ports s' and. t, yso that b'y'turning this plugb moreor lessI air may be permitted to' enter the cylinl ders e through the ports t and thus regulate thev speed of theltool by regulating the speed of movement of the valve pistons. z'. It will be also understood that the usual or any improved mechanism may be employed for 'rotating thetool carrying piston, this means in my drawing being designated as a whole by the letter c. This means for'rotating the piston performs the additional function in my apparatus of'constantly bringing new parts -of the surface of the piston into contact with the tappet ends of the auxiliary valve u so' as to thereby avoid wearing grooves in the face of the piston.

By the arrangement of auxiliary' or pilot valves u shown it will beA observed that Iam yenabled to greatly shorten the tool piston,-

and this shortening of the piston greatly decreases its weight and'thus permitsY an increase of speed with a given air pressure. Another feature of importance is that by my valve arrangement I reduce to a minimum the clearancebetweenthe distributing 'valves i and the interior of the work cylinder and thus provide for a material saving in live air. The amount of clearance in my apparatus is represented by the space bei .tween the surface of the distributing valve A. lvl in its cut oli position andthe interior wall 6.5.,

of, the work' cylinder. Another featureV of importance is that each auxiliary valve controls both an inletand an exhaust port of the motor cylinders j' whereas in every .other apparatus of this class that I am aware of theexhaust from the motor cylinder is provided-for by simply a reak port which is alwaysopen'- to the atmosphere; i't will thus be seen that by my arrangement I `provide for a considerable saving of air as but ya modicum of air will be suiicient to actuate the distributing valve. V

Having thus described iny invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is v 3 i f 1. In combination, a main cylinder and a tool piston Working'therein, said cylinder having la combined inlet anda-,exhaust port at each end, la distributing valve'a't each end of the cylinder' adapted to open and close one of said ports at a point near the end, of

the cylinder, and 'means for pneumatically actuating said distributing valves said means being locatedintermediate the distributing vaives.

2. -In combination with'. a main cylinder and piston, distributingfvalves'at the ends of the cylinder, and`means'interme`diate the distributing valves for pneumatically actuating these'distributing valves,"said meansy consisting of a differential piston mot-or connected to each of said valves, means for subjecting one side of thedifierential piston to# supply -pressure constantly, and auxiliary valves -for intermittently subjecgngf. .fr/he other side of the differential piston to. Ply pressure. v t

3. In combination with a cylinderl and piston, distributing valves therefor` and means foralternatelyfopening and closing these distributing valves,- said means consisting of a motorcylinder'adjacenteach valve, a differential piston in each motor cylinder connected, to the adjacent distributing valves, a conduit beingl provided for constantly subjecting one'side of 'saidgm'otorlos' piston toV supply pressure during the opera'y 'tion of the apparatus, and devices for .in-1v termittently admitting an exhausting air .to'

the opposite ends of said motor cylinder, f

these devices consistingofan inlet port for each cylinder and an exhaust vport therefor and an automatically operatedauxiliary.

valve for controlling said ports.l

4. In combination with a maincylinder and piston, distributing valves for Vsaid cylinder, means for actuating said valvesembodying a pair of-auxiliary valves, manual means for varying the power by controlling the supply of air directly tothe distributingvalves, and independently Aoperable manual means for varying the speed by-controlling the 'admission of air to the auxiliary valves. 5. yIn combination with a main cylinder having inlet and outlet ports at its ends, a

distributing valve controlling each of said 130.

ports and located directly at the point-Where tively close together and thus enable a tool the port enters thev end of the cylinder, pistonof minimum length to he employed. 10 means for actuating said valves independ- In testimony:whereofl hereunto aflx my etly consisting of a motor cylinder and signature in the presence of two Witnesses.

'piston and a pair of auxiliary valves ar- JOHN ALLEN HEANY.

ranged to project into the cylinder at points Witnesses: opposite mid-length thereof, whereby said BERNARD C. BECKER, auxiliary valves nlay be brought eompara- FRED. B. MACLAREN.