US1083265A - Combustion-engine. - Google Patents

Description

Af BAUMANN.

GOMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED 31111.14, 1913. k 1,083,265, Patente Dec. 30,1913;

iitr'GUsiiY i'sAiinANn, onAUGsnUrtG, GnRMA-r, As'sIGNoit TMASCHINENEAEEIK AUGSBURG-NRNBERG A. G.,

'or AUGSBURG, GERMANY.

coMBUsr'IoN-ENGINE.-

Specification of `Letters Patent.

Application sied January 14, 1913. serial No. 741,92?t

To allfzchomz't may concern: v

Be it known that I', AUGUST 'BAUMANN,

a citizen of Switzerland, residingat Ags- A burg, in the Kingdom of Bavaria and German Empire, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Combustion-En- -gines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to in combustion-engines yandy more particu- "larlyto`the means for cooling the cylindereA and covers of cylinders of combustion` engin'es of every kind and construction.

The method and means for cooling the walls of combustion-engines, generally,co1i sist in providing a current of cool water continually flowing along the walls to be kept cool. By experience it has been found, however, that this mode of cooling hitherto practised is not at all satisfactory, to` prove which fact it need only be. pointed 'out that'.

' in spite of such cooling means having been employed, the cylinders and covers of cylinders in such engines frequently are liable to leakage caused by small rents or cracks in the walls or covers of the cylinders. It has been observed that such Arents or cracks particularly occur in such portions ofjthe cylinders which are the most subjected to the intense heat of the' combustion of the gases; particularly in the vicinity of the exhaustvalves. The cause of the formation of sucll rents or fissures may tributed to the retaining of heat in such por,- tionsof the walls and covers v'vlviicbare most exposed to the heat of the gases in combos?y tion, such portions becoming overheated when cooling is not, or not suiciently, applied. The consequence of such over-heating will always appear in a deformation of thefwall, .such deformation causing rents, cracks or lissures vor damage of similarkind; But such fact that cracks or iissures most frequently occur in the vicinity of the valveseats, cannot be exclusively attributed to the heat retained in the walls from the passing currents of combusting gases. 'It'` ought to be taken into consideration, considerable'amount of heat is being stored in the valve-carrier and the walls of the cylinder and cover, which heat, adding itself to the passing heat of the gases,'not only causes an additional overheating of sundry portions, but also occasions a difference Vthe temperature -of different portions and an improvement" with good reason be atbesides, that a'l y so increases the liability of various portions to be deformed and thereby to cause leaking.

y present invention is intended to overcome these diiiculties' in the cooling of combustion engines and, in particular, it shall increase thel cooling effect in establishing special passages orchannels for the cooling fluid,

. such channels or p'assa-g'es being so arranged 'toppositively' cool the lportions of' the cylinders, Walls and covers, which are most subfjected to overheating', The said channels or passages are so arranged as to cause the cooling fluid not only to give its cooling effect particularly at or near the portions most exposed to heat, but also to increase its rapidity of flow when passing said portions, thereby securing suchcooling effect, which l1s well apt to remove or to materially reduce any danger 'of deformation and leakage in the engine which might interfere with its normal operation; l j

v. To make my invention perfectly understood, the novel means `of cooling 4the heated parts are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, the peculiar ducts for the cooling fluid being shown applied to a'valve-box of a4 combustion engine.

AFigure lis a cross section of a valve-box constructed according to my invention, and Fig. 2 is a cross-section of a valve-box showling 'a modification of the ducts for the cooling fluid formed within. said valve-box.

In the said drawings, a' designates either the exhaust-valve chamber 'or' the suctionvalve-chamber of a four-cycle combustion- `engine, or the scavenger-valve-chamber of `a two-cycle combustion engine. The valveseat Z5, together with the valve-chamber a, are located within the wall c of the cylinder or of its cover. The valve-seat b, and the said wall c, together inclose an annular hollow space d. The vsaid annular spaced is the cooling fluid and by chamber g containing cooling effect is obtained not only on the connected by one or more ducts e to the feedatentea Dense, 1913. y

v an extremely lively flow of the if required. -This facility in 'tion of valve seat b, which is particularly exposed to the hottest gases, but also on the wall c near to and surrounding .the said valve-seat b, and the heat retained by said valve-seat and by the surrounding wall of the cylinder or cover of the cylinder is almost entirely absorbed by the cooling Huid in passing through the annular space d.' A deformation of the parts at or near the said valveseat, and the fissures which might be occasioned by such deformations, are positively prevented in the manner described.

The cooling Huid, having passed through the annular space cl, may, preferably, be further employed by being discharged through a plurality ducts f into the chamber g. The yadvantage derived from this arrangement of the ducts is obtained by the fact that the cooling fluid issuing from the narrow ducts f is discharged with great rapidity and eddying in its fiow, into the chamber g, thereby causing fluid along the heated wall of the cylinder.

Instead of providing narrowduct-s f between the annular space (l and the fluidchamber g, a continuous slot may be formed to connect said space CZ with the chamber g. A continuous slot of this kind oers the advantage of uniformly cooling the entire porthe wall c bet-Ween the space d and chamber, the valve-seat b, from the cylinder c, there by allowing both of them to expand and contract independently of each other under the influence of heat or cooling fluid, so that any strain occurring in one of the two parts will not be transmitted to the other part.

By providing the annular space d between the valve-chamber a and the surrounding wall, a Jfurther advantage is obtained which consists in that, by removing said valve-chamber c, all the ducts or chan-- nels, through which the cooling fluid is made to pass, are laid open and made easily accessible. ingly, may be easily controlled and cleaned, controlling the ducts and channels regarding the cooling fluid is of utmost importance for obtaining a permanent good cooling effect, because the portions mest exposed to heat of the walls of the cylinder and cover are also most liable to deposition of incrustation from the water, such incrustation being a strong obstacle to the cooling effect of the cooling fiuid on the surface to be cooled.

The supply of cooling fluid, of course, can be varied as desired and it should be well understood, that my invention is not limited to the mode and means of supplying the cooling fiuid as described and shown with reference to Fig. 1. For instance, the cooling fluid may, first, be introduced into the chamber g, to fiow from there through the of radially disposed and, besides, of fully separating rlhe said ducts or channels, accordducts f, or a slot, into the annular Space d,

and, finally, to escape through the ducts or channels e to the exhaust pipes connectedthereto. Or the annular space d may be supplied with acooling fluid through ducts or channels e from a main supply, and the cooling fluid be discharged1 from said annular space by similar ducts c leading to or connected to exhaust pipes, the chamber g,

in this case, being without any connection.

with the annular space (l, the ducts f being omitted. A variety of similar arrangements of the several ducts and chambers may be substituted to obtain essentially the same effect, as before described. The essential features.v to be maintained consist in providing between the valve-seat and the surrounding wall one or more hollow spaces through which the cooling fiuid is caused to flow and which, preferably, should communicate with the chamber g containing the cooling fluid, therebyv enabling thecooling fluid issuing from said hollow space or spaces d at a comparatively low temperature, to be further utilized forvcooling the engine. By maintaining such general features, it will be of no particular import, in which manner the said hollow space Aor spaces d may be shaped and located with relation to the other parts. To vimagine another modification of a hollow space of this kind, it might be practicable to obtain a hollow space d, by forming a recess of any suitable shape into the side of thecylinder only, or into the outside of the valve-seat b only, or partly into the side of the cylinder and partly into the side of thevvalve-seat. In

any case it is not essential in which manner the cooling fiuid is supplied to the said hollow space or spaces, and in which manner it is discharged therefrom.

By applying lthe new means of cooling, as before described, the known means of cooling the valve proper willvnot in the least suffer; on the contrary, the cooling effect of the usual means for cooling the valve will in some degree be increased by the tendency of the means before described to cool the parts whichssurround the said valve proper.

Fig. 2 illustrates a special construction of the ducts or channels, through which the cooling fluid is supplied to the annular space (l. According to this modification, the cooling fluid is supplied to the said annular space d from the valve-chamber a through the hollow tubular branches h; 'the cdld water enters into the valve-chamber a through the supply-channel z'; the said chamber, thereby, is cooled in the usual manner, and the'cooling water then rises through the hollow branch-pipes or stays k and passes into the annular space d.

As has been stated before, theeffect to be obtained does not essentially depend on the direction of the cooling fluid in being supplied to and discharged from the annular space d, but it has been found preferable', in general, to feed the supply of cooling fluid,v

rst, intoV the space (l, thence through the dncts f into the chamber g, as before described. 1

Claims In a combustion engine, the combination with a cylinder having a Water jacket and being provided with a valve chamber seat, said valve chamber seat being provided with a groove, said cylinder being provided with outlet passages extending from said-groove whereby said groove may form a passage for cooling fluid about the valve chamber, said yvalve chamber being provided With a. hollow body'communicatmg with said groove when the valve chamber is seated and vhaving a Huid inlet passage. v

In testimony whereof I have affixedl my signature in presence of two Witnesses.

AUGUST BAUMANN. Witnesses:

RICHARD LEMP, H. R. DUGHToN-SIMPSON.

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