US1081618A - Process of preparing billets of refractory materials. - Google Patents

Process of preparing billets of refractory materials. Download PDF

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Publication number
US1081618A
US1081618A US68694412A US1912686944A US1081618A US 1081618 A US1081618 A US 1081618A US 68694412 A US68694412 A US 68694412A US 1912686944 A US1912686944 A US 1912686944A US 1081618 A US1081618 A US 1081618A
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United States
Prior art keywords
billets
powdered
refractory materials
preparing
compacted
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Expired - Lifetime
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US68694412A
Inventor
Harry D Madden
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Westinghouse Lamp Co
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Westinghouse Lamp Co
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Publication date
Application filed by Westinghouse Lamp Co filed Critical Westinghouse Lamp Co
Priority to US68694412A priority Critical patent/US1081618A/en
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Publication of US1081618A publication Critical patent/US1081618A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/02—Compacting only
    • B22F3/04—Compacting only by applying fluid pressure, e.g. by cold isostatic pressing [CIP]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S264/00—Plastic and nonmetallic article shaping or treating: processes
    • Y10S264/50—Use of fluid pressure in molding
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S425/00—Plastic article or earthenware shaping or treating: apparatus
    • Y10S425/044—Rubber mold
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49805—Shaping by direct application of fluent pressure

Definitions

  • Billets of tungsten, molybdenum and similar refractory metals and materials have heretofore been manufactured by the compacting of the colloidal or powdered metal or material, in which form it is obtained swaged, rolled or drawn for the purpose of rendering the material thereof ductile and of producing wires or filaments suit able for use in incandescent lamps.
  • Considerable difficulty has heretofore been experienced in the production of co-herent billets that are devoid of-cracks and strata and are of sufiicient strength to .withstand the subsequent handling and workingwithout fracture.
  • the difliculties have probably been due to the hard and abrasive character of the material, and particularly of tungsten, and to the manner in which it has been compacted, the abrasive character of the material preventing a thorough and uniform compacting thereof when pressure is applied thereto at only one or a few contained in rigid molds.
  • the powdered material is compacted by hydraulic or similar pressure applied directly thereto while contained in a pliable mold
  • Fig. 2 represents a of which the compacting is effected.
  • the powdered or colloidal tungsten or other material 1 is first loosely packed in a rubber or other suitable pliable tube 2 constituting the mold, the ends of which are provided with stoppers 3.
  • a rubber or other suitable pliable tube 2 constituting the mold, the ends of which are provided with stoppers 3.
  • powdered or colloidal materials obtained by employed if desired though they have not been found to produce as good results as zinc-reduced material.
  • the material is also preferably employed in pure or unadulterated form rather than in connection with a binding agent which requires removal by subsequent treatment.
  • the tube contain ing the powdered material is then placed in any suitable receptacle 4, in which it may be subjected to a very high hydraulic or. other fluid pressure for a brief period, the pliable tube or mold permitting of the uniform application of the high pressure to the powdered material in substantially all directions, with the result that the powdered material is compacted into a rod or billet having a high degree and uniformity of strength.
  • the receptacle 4 may be conveniently in the form of a tube or pipe that communicates at oneend with a pump (not shown) for forcing water or other fluid into it under great pressure, the pipe being provided at its other end with a screw plug 5 that is removable to permit of inserting and removing the filled molds.
  • the pipe is also provided with a cock 6 for permitting the escape of air when water is admitted to the pipe.
  • the process of manufacturing coherent part of the apparatus by means other reduction processes may be and subjectmg the molds to hydraulic pres-' sure.

Description

H. D. MADDEN.
PROGESS OF PREPARING BIL-LETS 0P REFRACTORY MATERIALS.
APPLIGATION FILED MAR.28, 1912.
1,081,618. PatentedDeo. 16,1913.
WITNESSES:
Z MNVENTU H v 7 ATTORNEY l from the oxid or ore, the' billets being.
. UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
HARRY D. MADDEN, 0F BLOOMFIELD, JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO WESTINGHOUSE LAMP COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.
PROCESS OF PREPARING IBILLETS OF REFRACTORY MATERIALS.
to the manufacturing of wires or filaments therefrom, and it has for its object to provide-a very simple'and inexpensive process of preparing co-herent billets of such material which shall be uniformly compacted and devoid of strata and of sufficient strength to withstand the subsequent treatment and working to which they are subjected in the reduction thereof to wire or filament form.
Billets of tungsten, molybdenum and similar refractory metals and materials have heretofore been manufactured by the compacting of the colloidal or powdered metal or material, in which form it is obtained swaged, rolled or drawn for the purpose of rendering the material thereof ductile and of producing wires or filaments suit able for use in incandescent lamps. Considerable difficulty" has heretofore been experienced in the production of co-herent billets that are devoid of-cracks and strata and are of sufiicient strength to .withstand the subsequent handling and workingwithout fracture. The difliculties have probably been due to the hard and abrasive character of the material, and particularly of tungsten, and to the manner in which it has been compacted, the abrasive character of the material preventing a thorough and uniform compacting thereof when pressure is applied thereto at only one or a few contained in rigid molds.
According to the present invention, the powdered material .is compacted by hydraulic or similar pressure applied directly thereto while contained in a pliable mold,
with the result that the material is uniformly compacted and the billet is rendered uniform and possesses a satisfactory degree of strength.
Figure 1 of the accompanying drawing Specification of Letters Patent. Application filed March 28, 1912.v Serial No. 686,944.
points While Patented Dec. 16, 151 13. 1
represents a mold containing powdered material preparatory to being compacted according to the present process, and Fig. 2 represents a of which the compacting is effected.
The powdered or colloidal tungsten or other material 1 is first loosely packed in a rubber or other suitable pliable tube 2 constituting the mold, the ends of which are provided with stoppers 3. When the billets are to be formed from tungsten or molybdenum and similar materials, I prefer to employ the pure powdered or colloidal material obtained from the trioxid b re-. duction by means of zinc, as I have ound that the material obtained in this manner produces superior co-herent billets. However, powdered or colloidal materials obtained by employed if desired, though they have not been found to produce as good results as zinc-reduced material. The material is also preferably employed in pure or unadulterated form rather than in connection with a binding agent which requires removal by subsequent treatment. The tube contain ing the powdered material is then placed in any suitable receptacle 4, in which it may be subjected to a very high hydraulic or. other fluid pressure for a brief period, the pliable tube or mold permitting of the uniform application of the high pressure to the powdered material in substantially all directions, with the result that the powdered material is compacted into a rod or billet having a high degree and uniformity of strength.
The receptacle 4 may be conveniently in the form of a tube or pipe that communicates at oneend with a pump (not shown) for forcing water or other fluid into it under great pressure, the pipe being provided at its other end with a screw plug 5 that is removable to permit of inserting and removing the filled molds. The pipe is also provided with a cock 6 for permitting the escape of air when water is admitted to the pipe.
I claim as my invention; 1. The process of manufacturing coherent metallic billets which consists in subjecting bodies of powdered metal to high pressure substantially uniformly exerted thereon in all directions. a
2. The process of manufacturing coherent part of the apparatus by means other reduction processes may be and subjectmg the molds to hydraulic pres-' sure.
metallic blllets from powdered metal which consists in subjecting bodies of the powdered metal to high fluid pressure.
4:- The process of manufacturing coherent 0 metallic billets from powdered abrasive 3. The rocess of manufacturing coherentmetals which consists in placin the same in rubber molds and subjecting t e molds to fluid pressure.
In testimony whereof, 'I have hereunto subscribedmy name this 21st day of March, 15
HARRY D. MADDEN.
-Witnesses:
GEORGE P. SCHOLL, CHARLES E. KELLY.
US68694412A 1912-03-28 1912-03-28 Process of preparing billets of refractory materials. Expired - Lifetime US1081618A (en)

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US68694412A US1081618A (en) 1912-03-28 1912-03-28 Process of preparing billets of refractory materials.

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Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2648125A (en) * 1947-08-06 1953-08-11 Kennametal Inc Process for the explosive pressing of powdered compositions
US2725288A (en) * 1952-08-26 1955-11-29 Harry W Dodds Process and apparatus for fabricating metallic articles
US2783504A (en) * 1953-05-06 1957-03-05 Utica Drop Forge & Tool Corp Method of forming articles from comminuted material
DE958261C (en) * 1943-10-08 1957-03-21 Deutsche Edelstahlwerke Ag Device for pressing powdery substances
US2823419A (en) * 1952-03-14 1958-02-18 Fansteel Metallurgical Corp Machine for pressing tantalum capacitor elements
DE968729C (en) * 1952-09-02 1958-03-27 Siemens Ag Process for the powder metallurgical production of active iron bodies of electrical machines provided with grooves or recesses
US2942298A (en) * 1954-12-28 1960-06-28 Unexcelled Chemical Corp Molding apparatus
US3177553A (en) * 1960-12-30 1965-04-13 Paul B Archibald Apparatus for solvent-isostatic pressing
US3220103A (en) * 1962-09-27 1965-11-30 Battelle Development Corp Method of explosively compacting powders to form a dense body
US3235958A (en) * 1961-10-09 1966-02-22 Commissariat Energie Atomique Method of cladding by hydrostatic pressure applied to heated units inside a cold liquid cladding apparatus
US3404202A (en) * 1964-11-06 1968-10-01 Basic Inc Electric resistance heater and method of making
US3478423A (en) * 1964-07-31 1969-11-18 Bleckmann & Co Pressing and compressing tubular heaters
US3577635A (en) * 1967-11-08 1971-05-04 Asea Ab Method for isostatic compression, such as the manufacture of powder bodies
US3699642A (en) * 1971-04-08 1972-10-24 Westinghouse Electric Corp Method for bonding sheet metal cladding to a body
US3815219A (en) * 1971-03-30 1974-06-11 W Wilson Process for diffusion bonding
US3939241A (en) * 1974-10-04 1976-02-17 Crucible Inc. Method for powder metallurgy compacting
JPS60151205A (en) * 1983-12-19 1985-08-09 ユニオン、カーバイド、コーポレーション Improved graphite for nuclear power and manufacture
US4565668A (en) * 1983-10-21 1986-01-21 Christer Aslund Method of making powder-metallurgical articles

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE958261C (en) * 1943-10-08 1957-03-21 Deutsche Edelstahlwerke Ag Device for pressing powdery substances
US2648125A (en) * 1947-08-06 1953-08-11 Kennametal Inc Process for the explosive pressing of powdered compositions
US2823419A (en) * 1952-03-14 1958-02-18 Fansteel Metallurgical Corp Machine for pressing tantalum capacitor elements
US2725288A (en) * 1952-08-26 1955-11-29 Harry W Dodds Process and apparatus for fabricating metallic articles
DE968729C (en) * 1952-09-02 1958-03-27 Siemens Ag Process for the powder metallurgical production of active iron bodies of electrical machines provided with grooves or recesses
US2783504A (en) * 1953-05-06 1957-03-05 Utica Drop Forge & Tool Corp Method of forming articles from comminuted material
US2942298A (en) * 1954-12-28 1960-06-28 Unexcelled Chemical Corp Molding apparatus
US3177553A (en) * 1960-12-30 1965-04-13 Paul B Archibald Apparatus for solvent-isostatic pressing
US3235958A (en) * 1961-10-09 1966-02-22 Commissariat Energie Atomique Method of cladding by hydrostatic pressure applied to heated units inside a cold liquid cladding apparatus
US3220103A (en) * 1962-09-27 1965-11-30 Battelle Development Corp Method of explosively compacting powders to form a dense body
US3478423A (en) * 1964-07-31 1969-11-18 Bleckmann & Co Pressing and compressing tubular heaters
US3404202A (en) * 1964-11-06 1968-10-01 Basic Inc Electric resistance heater and method of making
US3577635A (en) * 1967-11-08 1971-05-04 Asea Ab Method for isostatic compression, such as the manufacture of powder bodies
US3815219A (en) * 1971-03-30 1974-06-11 W Wilson Process for diffusion bonding
US3699642A (en) * 1971-04-08 1972-10-24 Westinghouse Electric Corp Method for bonding sheet metal cladding to a body
US3939241A (en) * 1974-10-04 1976-02-17 Crucible Inc. Method for powder metallurgy compacting
US4565668A (en) * 1983-10-21 1986-01-21 Christer Aslund Method of making powder-metallurgical articles
JPS60151205A (en) * 1983-12-19 1985-08-09 ユニオン、カーバイド、コーポレーション Improved graphite for nuclear power and manufacture
JPH0152322B2 (en) * 1983-12-19 1989-11-08 Union Carbide Corp

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