US1080783A - Steam-turbine. - Google Patents

Description

S. G. ROGKMAN.

STEAM TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED APR.17, 1912.

1,0 ,783 Patented Dec. 9,1913.

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SOREN G. ROCKMAN, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

STEAM-TURBINE.

Application filed April 17,

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec.9, 1913.

1912. Serial No. 691,529.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SoRnN C. RooKMAN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam-Turbines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to elastic fluid turbines.

The object is to construct a turbine so that it can be manufactured at less first cost, be of less weight, and be shipped more easily by less expensive tools and preparation and also take up less space and be more economical in operation.

In the drawing, Figure 1 is a longitudinal elevation partly in section and partly in outside view. Fig. 2 is in part a sectional View showing a high pressure forward turbine and an astern turbine. Fig. 3 is a section at a a of Fig. 1.

In the drawing, in Fig. 1, 1 is a stator drum provided with blades 9, and secured by keys 2 to spindle 3 which is prevented from revolving by being keyed in a bracket 4 bolted to a fixed support as pedestal 5.

6 is a rotor made in two halves so that its blades 7 may be secured to its inner side.

8 is a rotor having blades 10 matching blades 11 in casing 12.

The stator 1 is divided in two parts longitudinally and these are notched together by tongue 13 fitting into groove 14 for accurate lengthwise adjustment, and has tongue and grooved joints 36 for diametrical adjustment. The drum 8 is then forced over the two half-parts of drum 6 which thus holds the two parts of rotor 6 firmly together. In this manner a compound rotor having moving blades to match stationary blades on an inner stator with stationary blades and having also moving blades to match the stationary blades in the turbine casing is formed and represents a return parallel flow turbine. The rotor 6 and 8 meet on joints 15 and have keys as 16 for preventing circumferential displacement.

The drum 8 has end-plate 17 provided with openings 18, so that steam may pass from the inner blading to the outer blading. The plate 17 may be secured to or be integral with the hollow shaft 19 revolving in bearing in pedestal 20 and in thrust block 21 and may be connected to a pinion shaft- 22 by means of flanges 23 and 23. The

spindle 3 rests in a bushing 24 in the hollow '(silllafga 19 which revolves around the spin- To the rotor 6 is secured a plate 25 which may be connected to, or as shown be integral with a hollow shaft 19 revolving in bearing 20 in pedestal 5.

35 is a hole in spindle 3 through which the bearings for the spindle 3 and the bearings 20 and 20 are efficiently lubricated by oil under pressure governed by valve 33.

The casing 12 is secured firmly together at 36 and is packed over rings 30 shrunk or tight on the hollow shafts 19 and 19 and on flange 26 of rotor 6 and the rings may have} labyrinth packing. The shaft may also have labyrinth packing for the spindle 3. The shaft 19 and flange 26 form an annular steam passage 27 for steam passing through valve 29 (which may be a governor valve) to inner blading as shown.

21 is a thrust block for taking up end thrusts, although, as will be seen, the force of the steam passing through the turbine practically balances.

The spindle 3 is of less diameter than the holes in the hollow shaft and therefore is not in contact except at the bushings 24 whereby the drum 1 is retained accurately concentric with the rotors 6 and 8.

By means of shaft 22 the turbine may drive through pinions 32 the gears 31 which form a reduction gearing mounted in frame 32 connected to, or in one with bearings for the turbine whereby a working or propeller shaft 37 may be driven at its economical speed.

It will be understood that the inner stator and rotor represent the high pressure part of the turbine, which may have any desired number of expansion stages (three is shown in the drawing) and that the casing and outer rotor represent the low pressure part of the turbine.

In Fig. 2 is shown a high pressure turbine casing 40 with valve 41 for admitting steam into the impulse wheel 42 secured on the hollow shaft 19'. As shown in Fig. 2, the casing 40 has a disk 40 having a nozzle 41', through which when valve 41 is opened the steam enters and passes through the first row of moving blades 42 on wheel 42. The steam then passes through the first row of stationary blades 43 secured to the easing 40 and from thence through the second row of moving blades 44' in wheel 42, then through the second row of stationary blades 45 and then through the last row of moving blades 46 and then through pipe 48 to the reaction turbine. through the nozzles and acts on the buckets in the wheel 42 and then passes through the pipe 43 into the reaction turbine from which the steam escapes into the condenser through opening 28. The condenser is not shown.

44 represents the casing of a backing turbine, the impulse wheel of which is secured tothe hollow shaft 19. The casing 44 has a steam inlet and an exhaust outlet.

Among the advantages of my invention, I may mention the following :The turbine is about half the length, therefore saves space and is cheaper to manufacture and to ship and install; the machine tools required for making is of smaller size and weight. The parts of and the turbine completed is about half the weight. No heat of the steam passing through the inner blading is lost by radiation as whatever radiation taking place is taken up by convection to the outer blading, therefore the whole heat of the steam is transferred more perfectly into work than in present turbines, and the nearly unbearable hot engine rooms, particularly in ships are thus eliminated as it is well known that heat radiation from the lower expansions in a turbine is very slight. For examining and repairing also, much less room and less costly appliances for handling and effecting the repairs are required. As the turbine is shorter the longitudinal expansion is not so large and the clearance between the blading can be smaller which will increase the efficiency of the turbine. Further the inner high pressure rotor and stator can be expanded freely and independently of the outer low pressure rotor and casing thus insuring the maintaining of the best working condition with the prevailing difference of the temperature of the steam passing through the turbine.

Having thus described my invention, I claim 1. In a turbine, an inner stator, a sectional inner rotor, an outer stator, an outer rotor, reaction moving blades on the rotors, and reaction guide blades on the stators, said outer rotor forming a retaining casing for the sectional parts of the inner rotor, a steam inlet and an exhaust outlet for the turbine.

2. In a prime mover of the type indicated, a sectional driving member, a driving member surrounding and supporting said sectional member, the hollow shafts, means for connecting the said driving members with the hollow shafts and a coupling means on the end of one of said shafts.

3. In a prime mover of the type indicated, a rotatable sectional. member, a rota- The steam passes.

tween the inner stator table member incasing andsupporting firmly said sectional member, the rotatable shafts, means for connecting the said shafts with the sald members. 4. In a reaction turbine, an inner stator,

"low shafts secured to saidcompound rotor,

bearings exterior to and separate from the turbine for said hollow shafts, a bracket on one of said bearings, a non-rotatable spindle for carrying the inner stator, and bearings in the hollow shafts for the said spindle, said spindle being secured to said bracket.

5. In a prime mover of the type indicated, a rotatable sectional member, a rotatable member incasin and supporting firmly said sectional member, the rotatable shafts, means for connecting the said shafts with the said members, one of said shafts being a driving member.

6. In a turbine, an inner rotor made in two parts, having means for preventing longitudinal and circumferential displacement, an outer rotor inclosing the inner rotor for retaining the two'parts together of the inner rotor, and means for preventing the circumferential displacement of said rotors. V

7. In a turbine, an inner parts, having means for tudinaland diametrical outer rotor iuclosing the inner rotor for retaining the two parts together of the inner rotor, having means for preventing the circumferential displacement of said rotors, a hollow shaft for the outer rotor,- said outer rotor being connected to the'hollow shaft by means of a perforated disk, a hollow shaft connected to the inner and outer rotor by a disk havingv a flange, a steam inlet between said flange and the hollow shaft, an inner stator and an outer stator, aasteaminlet and an exhaust outlet for the turbine.

8. In a reaction turbine, an inner stator, an outer stator, a compound rotor between said stators, bladed. passages between the outer stator and the rotor, hollow shafts secured to said compound rotor, bearings exterior to and separate from the turbine for said hollow shafts, a bracket on one of said bearings, a non-rotatable spindle for the in ner stator and hearings in the hollow shafts for the spindle, said spindle being secured to said bracket, a passage in saidspindle leading to the bearings, and means secured to the spindle for controlling sage, a steam inlet and an exhaust outlet for the turbine.

9. In areaction bladed turbine, an inner stator, an outer stator, a compound rotor between said stators, bladed passages beand the, rotor, and

rotor made in two preventing longidisplacement, an

the fluid in said pasbladed passages between the outer stator and the rotor, hollow shafts secured to said compound rotor, bearings exterior to and separate from the turbine for said hollow shafts, a bracket on one of said bearings, a non-rotatable spindle for the inner stator, bearings in the hollow shafts for the spindle, an impulse wheel secured on said hollow shaft, a casing for said wheel, a steam inlet to said casing, an outlet passage from said casing leading to the reaction blading and an exhaust outlet from the turbine.

10. In a reaction bladed turbine, an inner stator, an outer stator, a compound rotor between said stators, bladed passages between the inner stator and the rotor, and bladed passages between the outer stator and the rotor, hollow shafts secured to said oomound rotor, bearings exterior to and separate from the turbine for said hollow shafts, a bracket on one of said bearings, a non-rotatable spindle for the inner stator, a valve controlled passage in said spindle, and bearings in the hollow shafts for said spindle, an impulse wheel secured on said hollow shaft, a casing for said wheel, a steam inlet to said casing, an outlet passage from said casing leading to the reaction blading and an exhaust outlet from the turbine.

11. In a prime mover of the type indicated, a rotatable sectional member, a rotatable member incasing and supporting firmly said sectional member, the rotatable Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the shafts, means for connecting the said shafts with the said members, one of said shafts being a driving member, and stationary members inclosing said driving members, driving means on the rotatable members and guiding means on the stationary members, and a coupling means on one of said shafts.

12. In a turbine, a sectional rotor, a rotor supporting said sectional rotor, hollow shafts, means for connecting said rotors to said shafts, a coupling means on one end of said shafts, a stationary spindle supported by the shafts, stators for the rotors, an inlet and an outlet for the turbine.

13. In a turbine, an inner stator, an outer stator, a compound rotor, hollow shafts for said rotor, bearings in said shaft, a non-rotatable spindle supported in said bearings, a passage in said spindle extending to and provided with outlets to said bearings and to the bearings for the hollow shaft.

14. In a turbine, an outer rotor having annular rings, an inner rotor having annular rings, said rings being in annular alinement and in seating and supporting contact.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

SOREN C. ROCKMAN.

Witnesses:

IVM. H. RooKMAN, THos. J. HUNT.

Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. G.

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