US10777A - Brick-machine - Google Patents

Description

s. USTIGKQ BRICK MACHINE.

latented Apr. 18 1854.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE STEPHEN USTICK, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

BRICK-MACHINE.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 10,777, dated April 18, 1854c; Antedated November To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, STEPHEN Us'r1oK,of the city and county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Brick-Machines; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the construction and. operation of the same, reference being had to the annexed drawings, forming part of this specification, in whicha Figure 1 is a plan of the machine. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same. Fig. 3 is a vertical section on line w w ofFig. 1. Fig. 4c is an end elevation of the machine. Fig. 5 is a rear view'of the movable piston 6. Fig. 6 is a top view of same.

Similar characters of reference in the several figures denote the same part of the machine.

The nature of my invention consists in the employment of a combination of movable and fixed pistons and movable mold boxes, arranged and operating as will be hereafter described, together with an ar rangement for receiving and delivering the molded brick, and also a combination of devices for lubricating the faces of the pistons after the delivery of each brick for preventing the adhesion of the clay to said pistons.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention I will proceed to describe its construction and operation.

In the drawing A and B are the top and bottom pieces of the frame, and C the vertical frame pieces, bolted fast between A and B. Resting in the guides 19 Z) (Fig. 4) and capable of a reciprocating motion in the same are the molds a (Fig. 3) having in their upper portions the chambers a, which receive the clay from the hoppers C before it is pushed into the condensing part of the mold. On the lower side of the molds a are the friction wheels 0, which are pressed upon by the cam wheel cl, to give a reciprocating motion to the molds, as and for the purposes hereafter to be described.

The movable pistons e are of the form shown in Figs. 5 and 6, their slides 6 working in grooves in the inner faces of the side pieces f, by the action of the cam m upon the rollers g in their rear extremities, or of the cams h and 'i (Fig. 1) on the rollers 57 beneath the pistons. The cams i, which pistons 9 are bolted to the frame of the machine and by the movement of the mold condense the clay on the side nearest them, as will. be hereafter described.

Fa-stened to the exterior of the cam wheel (Z are the hands Q, on which the bricks drop when pushed fromthe molds. Beneath them are the wheels 7, which by running upon the inclined planes 8 elevate the hands to the level of the bottom of the molds to receive the brick and afterward lower the same to the level of the tables 6, on which the bricks are discharged. Bolted fast to the hands 9, are the lubricating boxes u, having their sides which pass between the faces of the pistons constructed of leather or other absorbing substance tacked on the ends and bottom of the boxes, which are of wood or other suitable material. The tops of the boxes are either left open or covered with a hinged or other fastened lid. These boxes being filled with oil gently lubricate the faces of the pistons as they pass between them by the ooze through the leather sides. Besides oiling the pistons the front faces of the boxes push the bricks from between said pistons as the hands g rise to receive them. The bricks are delivered upon the tables 25 from the hands 9, by the pressure of the fingers 00 against them, said fingers having a lateral movement by reason of the pressure of the cams y y on the friction rollers e of the slides to, causing said slides to move over theguides o, fastened beneath the cam wheel (Z.

In the under sides of the molds a are cross grooves a for the escape of air condensed during the pressure of the bricks. These groves are kept open by scrapers b on the cam wheel cl, which pass through them at the time of greatest condensation.

I have represented but two molds in the machine, but design in practice to employ a series of molds with their pistons radiating from the center shaft n, an even number being generally employed, so that equal pressure shall be produced on opposite sides of the cams. The several hop ers I connect at top with an annular troug from which they receive their supply of clay.

The operation of my machine is as follows :Moti0n is communicated to the shaft a, revolving 'the'cam wheel d and cam m in the direction of the arrow, causing the series of cams onthe wheel d to give a reciprocating motion to themolds a, and the ca1ns-m,hand 'Za similar motion to the pistons e, with the effect below described. Commencing with the cam Z ofthe wheel (Z (Fig. l) on the line so 00, the molds a have their extreme outward position, the extremity of the said cam pressing. against the roller 0. The'hopper 0 is then directly over the receiving chamber a and space between the pistons 31 and 6. At this time the condensing chamber R receives its charge of clay from the hopper 0', the quantity received being well packed by the weight of the entire head of clay in the hopper, the quantity, which depends upon the position of the piston e, being regulated by the position of the cam '5, against the rear extremity of which the friction roller presses when the wheel cl has the above described position. This adjustment of the'cam i, as above stated, is regulated by the revolution of the oblique wheel j, which 'turningbetween the pins on the under face of the cam to the desired position to admit of the reception of the required quantity of clay. From the point 1 the mold a moves inward until the point 2 reaches the wheel '0, at which time the receiving chamber a has passed over the upper surface of the piston 6, cutting off the clay in the condensing chamber R from the supply above. Between the points 2 and 4 the piston e is moved into the mold to condense the clay by the cam m bearing against the friction roller g, while at the same time the mold a is moved outward over the stationary piston 2 with half the velocity of the piston e, which effects an equal pressure by both moving and stationary pistons and makes the bricks of equal solidity on both sides. When the point 3 is on the line w w the several parts have the positions shown by Fig. 3. The cleaner Z) passes through the opening a in the bottom of the mold at the time of nearly maximum compression, causing the condensed air to pass out during the operation, thus preventing the after cracking of the brick. The pressure of the brick being completed at the point 4, the mold is moved toward the center of the machine as the cam from 4 to 5 passes the line 00 as, during which time the roller 9 bears against the concentric portion 9 of the cam wheel m, to retain the pressure against the faces of thebrick, in order that the condensed a1r that may have remained in them (notwithoff their faces, to avoid the cracking of the brick. As the point 5 passes the line a? w, the extremity of thecam h acting on the roller 9, draws the piston c slightly toward the center of the machine, and the brick falls upon the hand 9, which at that time is directly under it, the oily sides of the box u wiping the faces of the pistons to prevent the adhesion of the following made bricks. From the point 5 to the point 1 the cam wheel (Z carries the mold a to its extreme outer position, and the cami withdraws the piston e the required distance for the supply of clay, bringing the machine in the position at which the description of its operation commenced. After receiving the brick the hand 9 descends to nearly the level of the table :6, by the roller 1 running down the inclined plane 8, and the cam y pressing against the friction wheel 2 pushes out the slide to and with it the finger m, which gently slides the brick upon the table t, whence it is removed by the operatives. The cam y withdraws the slide w and finger m.

The operation of making a single brick has been described above, though any reasonable number can be produced by an-increase of pistons, &c., the movement of the opposite pistons being simultaneous.

Instead of the molds and pistons vibrating in stationary frames and the cams revolving upon a central shaft, I claim the right of reversing the order of arrangement by making the cam wheels (Z and m stationary on a center shaft supported by a suitable frome work and placing the molds and pistons on a revolving wheel, the stationary pistons being firmly secured to the rim of the wheel, as in such arrangement the same efiects would be produced substantially in all the operations of the molds and pistons.

In working the clay with the ordinary degree of moisture it has when worked in dry clay machines the arrangement of the hoppers as represented would be adequate to secure the filling of the molds. But should it be desired to work it so moist that the molds would not readily fill I design using knives, placed spirally on a shaft, to force the clay down the hoppers. In such case that part of the hopper in which the knives revolve should be circular. As a similar arrangement of hopper is used in tempered clay machines, a particular description is not given here.

I do not claim in general the combination of the reciprocating mold boxes with the stationary and movable pistons; nor do I claim merely feeding the clay through the side of the mold box at right angles to the line of motion of the piston, as these features exist in other machines; but

hat I do claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The arrangement substantially as herein described of the mold box with the fixed and movable pistons, whereby, by its motion in the line of motion of the piston, it is made to perform the function of feeding the clay between the pistons, shutting it 05 from communication with the hopper, and discharging the brick.

2. I claim the apparatus for receiving and delivering the brick consisting of the hand STEPHEN USTICK. [L. s.]

Witnesses:

WM. B. AITKEN, DAVID ELDRIDGE.

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