US1077467A - Crane and derrick. - Google Patents

Description

NNI .www @lnlstmn W 0. Nv. GARDNER.

GRANE AND DERRIGK. APPLICATION FILED FEB.7,1913.

Patented Nov. 4, 1913 2 SHEETS--SHEET 1.

O. GARDNER. CRANE AND DEERIGK.

unicum! rum IEB. 7, :1913.

1PM-,farmedA Nov. 4, 1913.

'2 SHEETS--SHEETl 2.

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I |o I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I nnnii" A Allarm] WIT ESSS QZ@ QWf/mw y 22 .ing a boom and hoisting the load with the" QMAR N. GARDNER, OF J'AMESTOWN, NEW YORK.

v CRANE AND DEBBICK.

Specification 0f Letters ,Patent Patented Nov. 4, 1913;

application filed February 7, 1913. Serial No. 746,827.

Jamestown, in the county of Chautauqual and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Cranes and Derricks, of which the following is Va speciiicatio'n.

This invention relates to certain new and user'ul improvements in. that type oi hoist'- ing mechanism known as cranes and derricks, and the invention consists, essentially, in an improved means for raising and lower- Sam'e fall of cables, thereby giving to a onedrmn hoisting engine substantially tlie'same capacity as a two-drum engine and making a two-drum engine have substantially the same capacity as a three drum engine, etc, the

'invention comprehending improved Ameans for controlling the raising and lowering of the load and-also the raising and lowering of the boom about its pivotal center by the same means which raises and lowers the load.

The invention further consists of the parts, and the constructions, arrangements and combinations of parts which I will hereinafter describe and claim.

In the accompanying drawings forming part of this specification and in which similar reference ,characters indicate like parts in the several views; Figure 1 represents a side elevation of a. crane or derrick embodying the salient features of my invention and showing the same in connection with a double drum hoisting engine. Fig. 2 is a rear view of the mast and boom showing in section one form of clutch adapted to lock the' boom to the mast. Fig. 3 is an enlarged plan view of the upper end of the boom. Fig. el is a side elevation of the same. Fig. 5 is a sectional detail of the booinshowing the weighted hoisting block in position for raising the-boom and showing pairs of pulleys around which the hoisting cable passes.

IThis invention, relates generally. to the type of hoisting mechanism shown and described in my prior Patent No. 1,041,266, dated October 15, 19t2, but in the present instance I dispense with the movablejib of said patent in favor of improved means for raisig and lowering the boom and hoisting loa wtlra one-drum engine, thereby saving the additional drum and the attention which it has required in prior devices of this type.l i

The invention also comprehends the raising and lowering of the boom and the hoisting of the load with the samefall of cables with the single whip doubled upon itself, or a double whip doubled lupon itself, or a triple whip doubled upon itself, which may be done by adding additional sets of sheaves for the whips.

While the present invention is shown in connection with a revoluble mast,it will be understood that it is applicable to any of the well known forms of cranes or derricks whether of the rotary or so-called stiff leg type, or to any arrangement of hoisting mechanism em loying a pivoted boom and a hoisting bloc t and cable.

For purposes of illustration, and as disclosing one embodiment of my invention, l have shown the same in connection with a vertical mast, 10, the lower end of which` is appropriately stepped or seated in a bearin 11, of a framework, 12, which may be in tie form of a traveling carriage upon which is mounted a suitable engine, 13, a

pair of hoisting drums, 14, and 15, with their usual accessories, and the drums, 16, around which passes a cable, 17, which leads past idler pulleys, 18, to and around a horizontal bull-wheel, 19, appropriately fixed to the lower end of the mast and suitably braced and strengthened in any suit-able manner, said mast having its upper portion connected to the frame of the carriage by suitable tension rods, 20, whereby the mast is appropriately secured to resist the severe work to which it is subjected. Connected with the mast` I have also shown the braces or stiff legs 21. These parts may be of the usual or any approved construction Vand form no essential part of my present inven Within the lower part of the mast mounted a sprocket wheel idler, 24, and adjacent thereto is a sprocket wheel, 28, to lwhich isi connected one member, 26, of a suitable clutch, which member Vmay be of any type and is adapted' to co-act with av companion clutch member, 25, slidably splined on a fixed shaft, 27, `and adapted to operate in a. manner substantially as disclosed for the similar clutch of my aforesaid prior patent. The sprocket wheel, 28 is hereinv shown as being in rear of the mast but the position of this wheel is'immaterial and, therefore, it may be otherwise located surface of thebeo'm to and under the idlerl sprocket wheel, 24, and to and around the s rocket wheel, 28, and it'thence extends orwardly under a fair lead idler, 31, and upwardly under a fair-lead idler, 32, mounted on the boom and adapted to support the central portion of the boomu whensaid boom or cable thence extends to and around a sheave or pulley, 33, mounted between the lower ends of a pair of swinging links, 34, pivotally mounted to the upper or head end of the boom, said holding chain or cable thence extending toward the mast and being fixedly secured thereto near the upper end. The pulley block, 30, contains'a sheave or pulley, 3.5,'around which passes an operating' cable, 36, from which the load is suspended, as I will now describe. The operating cable, 36, is controlled by the winding drum, 1 4, to which the opposite ends of the cable are attached and from which drum the two parts of the cable extend over pulleys, 36', one on each side of'the mast, and to v'and around pulleys, 37, 37', and thence to and around pulleys, 38, 38, in the pulley block, 30', from which the load is suspended, the parts of the cable passing from the pulleys, 38, 38 upwardly over pulleys, 39, 39', in the outer end of the boom 'and' thence extending downwardly -along the upper portion of the boom to and around the pulley,

35, which is thus mounted in the bight of i the cable and is arranged at right angles to the pulleys, 37 and 39.

It will thus be .seen that the cable is of a 50 double character or what is known as a double whip alfd thatA it has twice the power of the usual double whip with the rapidity of what is termed a single double `whi it wil1,'a1so, be understood that a sing e set ot pulleys or 'more than the double sprocket wheel passes a cable or chain, 29,..

is'of considerable length; the holding chain set herein shown lvmay he used without de parting from the s gint of my invention, and that the number o sets of sheaves used will depend upon the number 'of returned or doubled portions which'are to be given the single operating cable, from, which the lpad is suspended, i'

fia the drawings' r hat umarmen@ load the form of ay'duxnping excavating bucket, but lit will be' understood that this is representative/ofianyloajd'or any kind ofi, bucket', fidarti/shell lor ,1 otherwise, well, lgiownfin this art, and which I may use (connection with my hoisting1 devices. i

,Front the foregoing it w,`i be understood 80.; that when the windingdrum, 14,1s o `rated to wind the cable, 36, the latter will, t rou h `f the connections described, cause the weig. t

to be lifted and this operation continues un til the pulley block, 30', carrying the' ul leys, 38 and 38', engages the upper en of the boom. If now the clutch, 25-26, which vconnects the boom to the mast is released so as to unlock `,the holding chain or cable, 29, the continued winding of the drum, 14, will result in the boom swinging about its pivotalV connection, 23,' so that its outer end may be r'aisdto a 'higher'elevatiom as indicated by I the dotted lines in Fig. 1.

During this action thf pulley block, 30, is caused tov move upwardly along the boom and by being connected with the holding chain'or cable, 29, it causes; this cable to pay A out toward the upperend lof the boom and to correspondingly pull upon the fixed point of the cable where it connects with the mast, thus resulting in the boom being moved from its lower to its higher-position.

To lower the boom there `eratorcauses the drum, 14, to unwind the operating cable, 36, and as the boom lowersi the cable at the same time pulls upon the holding cable or chain, 29, and thereby causes the pulley, 30, to move downwardly along 1the upper side 'of the boom in responseto thelowering of said boom anduntil the boom has been moved tol its desired position. When @his position has been `obtained the clutch, 25,3326 is operated to lock the holding chain, thereby reserving the position of the boom, vthilet e further unwinding of' the operating cable, 36, results in the pulley block, 30T, lowering relatively tothe upper end of the boom to ermit of its engagement with another loadl.)

To assist the pulley block, 30', with its pulleys, 38 and 38', returning to a position where it may engage a load, I may weight this block by the addition of suitable cast iron or other disks, 40, as shown in Fig; 5, andwhich disks may serve to engage the upper end of the boomrwhen the hoisting block is raised to the dotted position shown in Fig. 1. The disks, 40, are preferably of cir.- cular form and they not only serve as a loo hoisting block, but being circular they providea perfect bearing for 'tliebooin when on the upward ,haul of the hoisting block they Contact, with the lower-portion of suitable hoods, 4l, with which the outer end of the boom is provided, as shown in Figs. 1 and 4. L

In F igf, the boom is shown as composed of metal sections appropriately bolted together and rigidly spaced apart, but this construction is purely optional.-

From the foregoing it will be understood that my invention has in view the raising and lowering of a boom and the hoisting of a load with the saine fall o-f cables thereby making a one-drum hoisting engine have the saine capacity and pei-form the same labor as the two-drum engine heretofore used, or to make a two-drum engine perform the work of the three-drinn engine now used in` this art. T o operate a clam-shell rig and to raise the boom thereof usually requires a three-drum engine, but with my construction I have operated these same parts with a twodruin engine such as shown in the accompanying drawings and I accomplish the sev eral results ascribed for in v prior patented device before alluded to--without requiring the use of a traveling jib. l may use what is known in this art as a single .double whip, a double double whip, as shown, and a triple double whip by increasing or decreasing the number of sheaves with which the booni and the hoisting block are supplied. To this end I have shown in Fig. l, at the top of'the mast suitable fair lead sheaves or pulleys, 4t-45, which may be utilized in two-drum work, the-present. description and drawing having particular reference to the one-druin engine for operating both the load and the boom.

Having thus described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent'iszl., In a device of the character described, the combination with a mast, a boom' mounted to swing on a horizontal axis, and a load attaching means, of a cable having its opposite ends adapt-ed to connect. with a winding drum; a shiftable pulley block through which an intermediate portion of the cable is rove, said `cable being guided over the upper portion of theboom and through the load attaching means, a boom hoisting cable reve between the boom and the mast and having one end connected tothe shift- Aable pulley block in opposition to said cable and the opposite end secured to said mast, pulleys around'which the intermediate portion of said boom hoisting cable is guided, and means for locking the said boom hoi i ingeable against movement whereby the shiftable pulley block is held in a lined position relatively to the boom.

2. In a device of the character described, the combination with a mast, a boom mounted to swing on a horizontal axis, and a load attaching means, of a cable having its opposite ends adapted to connect-with a winding drum, a sliiftable pulley block through which an intermediate portion of the cable is rove,

said cable being guided over the upper portion of the boom and througlitlie load at.- taching. means, a boom hoisting cable rove between the boom and the mast and having one end connected to the shiftable pulley block in opposition to said cable and the opposite end secured to said mast, pulleys around which the intermediate portion of said boom hoisting cable is guided, means vfor locking the said boom hoisting cable against movement whereby the shiftable pulley block is heldin a fixed position relatively to the boom, and means for releasing said boom hoisting cable from its locked position to permit the shiftable pulley block to move in response to changes in the vertical height of the boom.

3. In a device of the character described, the combination with a' vertical mast, aboom mounted to swing on a horizontal axis, and a hoisting block, of a cable having its opposite ends adapted to connect with a -winding drum, a shiftable pulley block through which a looped intermediate portion of the cable is rove, said `cable being guided over the upper portion of the boom and through the hoisting block, a boom hoisting cable r-ove between the boom and the mast and having one` end connect-ed to t-he shiftable pulleyf block in'opposition to said cable. and the opposite end secured to said iii-ast, pulleys at the base of the mast and on the outer portion of the boom aroundwhich the intermediate portion ofsaid boom hoisting cable Ais guided, and means for releasably locking said boom hoisting cable against movement whereby the shiftable'pulley block is held in v a fixed position relatively to the boo'm when the boom is in* one position and is permitted to move relatively to the boom when said boom is moved to a different position.

et. In a device of the character described, having a boom mounted to swing on a horizontal axis, and a vertical mast, an operating cable having opposite end portions adapted to4 connect with a winding drum,

a hoisting block' through which the cable is rove, said cable returning from the hoisting block toward said mast, and provided with a' loop in an intermediate portion, a pulley block carried in the loop of the cable, and shiftable therewith lengthwise of the boom in response to variations in the inclination of said boom, a boom operating cable connecting with the pulley block,

.means assoeiatd with the boom operating cable for holdi g the same inactive while the load is being lifted tbwa't'd the boom, and means for rel-` asing the boom operating cable to enable the piyilley )Block to shift its i130" l Lomas? position on the boom in response to ase'endlng and descending changes in the inclina tion of said boom.

5. In a device of the character described, having a boom mountedtoswingcn'a'lirizontal axisdbanclaV vertical mastlannperatingfcableYV having the -opposite "end portions adapted tocon'nect with a winding drum, a

hoisting block through which thc'cable'isf reve, said cable returning from the hoisting block toward said mast, and provided with a loop in an intermediate portion, a'

` pulley block carried in the loop of the cable,

and shiftable therewith lengthwise of the boom in response to variations in the inclination of said boom, a boom operating cable connecting with the pulley block, means associated with the boom operating cable for holding the same inactive while the load isVV being lifted toward the boom, and means for releasing the boom operating cab-lesto 'enable the pulley block to shift its position on the boom in .responser to ascending' anld descending` changes in the inclination of said boom, said hoistingblock adapted l engage the'boom from belowduring t e windlng function of the first-named cabive whereby the continued Winding thereof causes the boom to be moved from a lower to a higher elevation; Y

6. In a device of the character described,

Y having a'verticalmashand a boomamounted to swing on laihorizontal axis, an operating cable having the opposite end `ortions adapts ed to connect withawinding rum, ahoisting block through which the cable is rove, said cable returning from the hoist/ing block toward said mast and provided'iwith a loop in an intermediatetportion, a pulley block carried in the loop of thecable'and shift- 'able lengthwise of the boomfin-response to variations in the inclinationV thireof,

.meansfconnecting with t'h' V'pulley 'bloc 'for'. jreleasabvly holding Vthe same aiixe'd posithan -while Athe load Vis being lifted toward lthe brione; said means comprising a boom operating cable having este end connected lto said pulley block and the opposite -end connected to the mast, pulleys at the base- Qthennastand-en-ftheboomaround which an intermediate portion of said element rwpasses', izo-acting clutch members associated A with one of said pulleys adapted to lock the sameto prevent movement ofthe boom onf'a horizontal axis, a

pulleys in the hoisting v block, said cable havlng a portion extending l along the boom and returned upon itself to form a loop, a pulley blockmounted in the loop of 'said cable, a eible .elementl having 5 one end connected to said ulley block in oppositionV to'said cable, YpufV eysat the base ofy theemast Vand*boolaround which said element passes, a ivoted frame having a guide pulley near te upper portionof the boom around which the elementpasses, said element then being secured to the u per portion ofthe mast, and means for loc ing said pulley lblock-isrheld in a iied'p'dsition rela?` tiimly to the boom, said means "adapted to s'o element against movement wherebyv said s f release the iieXiblee-element"tofallwtliw v pulley block to shift its position in response lto variations in the inclination of said' boom.

In testimonyrwhereof I ailix vmy signai ture'in presence of o Witnesses. j

' O N. GARDNER.

Witnesses: "fy FERN Frsmng ,l

Annin A. WILLIAMS.

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