US1077103A - Firearm. - Google Patents

Description

l M. F. SMITH.

HREARM.

Patented Oct.- 28, 1913.-

INVENTOR M. P.- SMITH. f

Patentedl0 it.28,`1913.

` 3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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FIRBARM. APPLICATION FILED DEO. 14, 1911.

Patented Oct/.'28, 1913.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

JNVENTO'R,

Attorney 6,

Unire srarns rarnivr ermee.

MORRIS FORI) SMITH, OF PHLADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

FIREARM.

Spe\cification of Letters Patent. Patented @cth 28, 1913, Application mea December 1.4, 1911. serial No. 665,709.

partly vbroke-n to illustrate the down Fig. Sais a longitudinal section of the gun showing the parts in their positions l at the moment the hammer hits the firing l pin; Fig. 4 is a like view sition of the parts when the action sleeve has `been retracted to open the breech and eject the cartridge; Fig. 5 is a. detail longitudinal, sectional view illustrating the action slide lock;-Fig. 6 is a detail view of the reciprocatory and rotatory breed-h bolt; Fig. 7 is an end view of the same showing its lockingllugs; Fig. 8 is a detail view oi the action sleeve locking lever; Fig. 9 is an isometricprojection of the hammer, minus its spring pressed detent; Fig. 10 is a detail view of the hammer detent; Fig. 1l is an isometric projection of the combined triggerand sear, with the sear safety dog removed from its recess; Fig. 12 is a detail view of the sear safety dog removed from itsh'ecess in the combined trigger and sear and sh owing the inner face of said dog; and Fig. 13 is a plan view of the combined trigger and sea-r and Sear safety dog assembled. Referring now in detail to my invention,

l represents the stock of the gun, 2 the frame provided with rearwardly projecting tangs to receive the stock l, 3 the receiver and 4l the barrel f the gun, screw threaded in the forward end of the receiver 3 in the usu-al manner.

Tam dotvn,.-For the sake of convenience in carrying, when not in use, alire arm of this type is ordinarily separable into two 'main parts, one of which comprises the stock andthe frame with their attachments, while the other comprises the barrel and' the receiver with their accessories. The take down of the vpresent gpn is provided for through means of a aiisverse pin extending across a suitable socket a in the forward part of the trame; a hook-shaped lug 6 vdepending from a ring ,7 encirc-1 To all 'whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Monnis Fono SMITH, a citizen of the United States, and resident4 oi Philadelphia, in the State of Pennsyl- 5 vanta, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Firearms, of which the following is a specification.

An object 'of the present invention is to provide improvements in that class of fire arms known as magazine fire arms, whether used for "porting or military purposes.

Specifically, one object of the present invention is to provide a novel form or' connection between the two main parts of the 15 lire arm, to simplify the disassembling-or take down of the gun to render it more portable.

Another specific object is to provide a safety lock for 'the action sleeve which will l0 prevent the same being retracted by the hand of the gunner until after `liringgvand .hence rendering the fire arm more safe.l

A further specific object 'is to provide means in the firing mechanism whereby the 5 aforesaid action sleeve is unlocked immediately the gun has been tired.

A further specific. object is to provide an improif'ed Sear safety dog whereby the tiring mechanismmay be thrown out of ope'ia- 9 tion. J A

'still further specie object is to provide 'a simple form of action slide 'and a simple connection between the action slide, the breech bolt, and the firing pin whereby on i 1moving the slide rearward, there is first a relative movement between the slide and. breech-bolt, whereby the tiring pin js withdrawn to safety position and theQbreechbolt is rotated to unlock itafter which the continued lrearward movement withdraws the breech-bolt to open the breech, throw out the spent shell and admit a new cartridge in advance of. the breech-bolt; whereas` on reversing the'slide, the first part of the forward movement closes the breech, pushing in a new cartridgein advance. while the latter part of the slides forward movement, rotates the breech 'holt tolock it, and clears the path for the firing pin, to permit it to reach the primer only after the slide has moved far enough to insure complete lock- 11H0' the rear portion of the barrelv 4, which lur lits laterally between the walls of the Fi, and by interengaging with the pin 5, serves to position the two main parts of the gun at that point and prevent forward nicwen'ient oitthe barrel on the frame; also a locking plunger or bolt 9 tted within a ing of the breech bolt. socket 8 at the rear end of the receiver, nor- In the drawings, Figure l is a general mally projected by a spring l0, but limited outside view of 'a fire arm embodying my in its movement by a lug 1l, working` in a invention; Fig. 2 is a similar view, enlarged slot l2, aiid adapted, when vthe two major and partly in section, showing the gun gun parts are closed together, to snap into socketV illustrating the polao a keeper or recess 13 formed in the abutment on the frame 2; a displacing plunger 15 hav- ,ing a shank 16, and terminating in a push button 17, being arranged to displace the- 5 locking plunger 9 to permit the rear end' of thereceiver `to" swing up out of the frame when it is desired to separate the main parts of the gun. The bevel on the protruding end' of the locking plunger is suiiicient to displace the plunger inward while the parte` are being swung into assembled relation, and the barrel stands at the angle. shown in Fig. 2. When said locking plunger has snapped into its seat, the angle of the bevel 'is'gnot sufiicient to deflect:y the plunger under any upward tendency ofthe barrel.

' The actz'ono-The reiver is provided withy rearwardly extending guide-slots 18 adapted toi receive the laterally projecting lugs 19; on the combined reciprocatory an rotatory breech bolt 2O to restrain the vlatter from rotation during its reciprocatingffj openingI or closing movement. The locking.

lugs y19 onv the breech bolt 20" are adapted to engage, when the breech bolt is in closed position, with corresponding locking lugs 2 1 on the receiver within the barrel socket 0rrecess. The breech bolt 2O is provided with oppositelyv inclined cam slots 22,which re-` and projects forwardly a suhcient distance along the barrel 4 to receive, in the proper position, an action grip or handle 25 which is mounted on said sleeve through the medium of a stud 26 embedded, in the action rip or handle 25 and secured therein by a ongitudinally extending pin 27. The stud 26 is secured to the action sleeve 24 through means of a dove-tailed lug or projection 28 thereon. In order that the barrel portion of the bearing for the sliding sleeve 24 may be of the same diameter throughout its length, the contracted forward portion of the barrel may be built up by a sleeve 29 screw threaded to the barrel and abutting the rear enlarged portion of the barrel. This sleeve extends toward the muzzle of the barrel a suitable distance to support the action sleeve 24 in its forward locked position. The -pin 23 which extends from one side of the action sleeve to the other is perforated to receive, and permits a sliding engagement with, the forward contracted portion or needle of the irin pin- 30. Ithowever, stands in such relatlon lto the body of the firing pin as will prevent the ring pin reachipg the primer until the pin 23 has moved forward a suiii- 6Q r cient distance to insure locking of the breech bolt. It thus renders the gun incapable of firing until the breech bolt is locked. The

' iringpin 30 is as usual mounted within the bolt 20 and is held 4inits forward position 65 against the header the cartridge by a spring il ceive the transverse pi 23 carried by an acil y tion slide or sleeve 24, which slides on" the' outside of the barrel 4 and the receiver' 31 'pressing against the usual annular shoulder on the firing pin and the firing pin when in such forward position projects slightly rearwardly beyond the bolt in osition to be struck by the hammer hereina ter described.

The function hof the ring pin s ring is merely to permiti relative movement etween the bolt and the firing pin upon movement of the action sleeve so that there will be requisite .'lost reciprocating motion of the breech bolt during theturning or unlocking movement of the same; this spring being adapted to immediately thrust the firing pin forward when it is permitted to do so by the i return of the action sleeve to its forward position.

In itsvforward position the action sleeve 24 is locked against unintentional rearward movement by the hand of the gunner or rebound, of the action sleeve 24 through 85 means of a pivoted lever 32 of the first order mounted in a recess in the upper face of "the receiver having a hook-shaped or l notched sleeve-engaging arm 33 with a iinger button formed thereon and which is normally pressed upwardly into engagement with the rear end or edge of th."V action sleeve by a leaf spring 34 in the sleeve `locking lever recess and seated in the receiver, exerting ressure on the opposite arm of the lever 35. crinally therefore Ithe tendency of the notched or hook-shaped arm 33 of the locking lever 32 is upward so that it springs out 'of its recess immediately the action sleeve 2 4 has passed it on the `return of the sleeve 100 24 to its forward position. When this occurs, the rear edge of the action sleeve enters the notch in the locking lever, but since this notch is of a depth equal only to substantially the thickness of the action sleeve at its rear edge, excessive upward movement of the notch arm of the lever or movement beyond the upper surface of the receiver will be restrained' by the action sleeve, so that, when in lockin f position, the locking 11o lever engages both t e rear edge of the action. sleeve and the rear wall of its recess in the receiver.v Hence strain on the locking lever is borne by the rear wall of the locking lever recess instead of the pivot of the lever. y v

. Thehammer 36 is illustrated asa'substantially segmental sha e and is provided with a striking face 37, a aterally projecting hub 38 of proportionately great diameter and 12o about which the hammer operating spring 39 is suitably wound and secured tothe hammer to give Ythe spring greater leverage in operatingvthe hammer. The spring 39 at its lower' end engages the frame 2 of the 125 gun, bearingagainst theJ bottom of the hammer recessqy40; in the receiver. Depression of the hammer., 3.6 tensions the spring 39. The hammer 36 is mounted on a pivot 41 which is supported in the frame 2 of the 130 of a notch 45 in dog 53 by iger/,10e

gun and extends in the hammer recess 40.

The hammer is provided with a recess 42 inits outer face which receives a hammer detent 43 and its actuating spring 44, the detent 43 being secured with limited movement within said recess 42 through the medium the detent 43 and a pin 46 extendino' transversely through the hammer 36 and through 'the notch 45. The detent actuating spring 44 is held in its socket by the detent.

47 is the sear which in the present instance constitutes a forwardly projecting integral portion of the trigger 48 sliding in a suitable guide-way 49 formed in the frame 2 adjacent the trigger slot 50. This combined vscar and trigger is normally pressed forward, so that the scar projects in the hammer recess 40, by a spring l, seated in a recess in the rear face of t e trigger 48 and bearing against the rear face of the trigger slot 50. Thus a single spring is made to answer for the trigger and the scar.

The rear portion of the sear 47 or the forward portion ofthe trigger 48 is recessed at 52 to receive a sear safety dog 53 pivoted on a pin 54 which extends through an opening or slot 55 in the rear portion of the scar 47 or forward portion of the triggerv48 and which pivot 54 is ixedly mounted in the side walls of the frame 2 of the gun. The opening or slot 55 is of suiicient length to permit slight movement of the sear 47 with relation to the sear safety dog 53 so that relative movement between the scarv and the safety dog will be permitted when the dog is in non-operative position.

The scar safety dog 53 is provided with a. forwardly extending engaging nose 56 which normally, or when the scar safety dog 53 is in non-operative position and at each retraction of the sear 47, enters a correspondingr notch or recess 57 in the forward wall of the sear safety dog recess 52 and thus permits relative movement between the sear 47 and the Sear safety dog 53. Beneath the notch 57 is an engagin r face 58 which when the dog is in safety or engaging position is engaged bythe projecting nose -56 on the dog. The dog is held i-n either one of its adjusting positions by a plunger 59 in a suitlable socket G0 in the sear and pressed outwardly into engagement with suitable on and oil' notches 6l and 62 in the face of a spring 63 coiled about the 'plunger and housed in the socket 60. Off

notch 62 is elongated to allow relative longitudinal movement between dog 53 and Asear,-v 47 but plunger relative dog 53. On notch 61 is circular as when 59 is in engagement therewith, no A'movement between dog 53 and scar 47 is possible. -To permit reciprocatory movement of plunger 59 a recess 64 is formed inthe frame 2 of 'the gun in line prevent pivotal movement of.

with socket and recess 64 is elongated to l pulled oht of alinement with the notch 57A and into line with the engaging face 58 on the sear 47 so that `the retraction of the Sear to release the hammer 36 will be impossible. This is because the pivot pin 54 of the scar safety dog 53 is fixed immovably in the frame 2 of the gun.

I claims:-

1. Iny a gun, the combination with the rel ceiver and the frame ot' t e gun, of a recessed bolt mounted to lock'the frame and receiver to each other and a breech bolt mounted to operate in the recess in said locking bolt.

2. In a gun, the combination with the receiver and the frame of the gun, or" a recessed bolt mounted to lock the frame and receiver to each other, and a breech bolt mounted to operate at the extreme of its retraction movement in the. recess in said locking bolt.

' 3. In a gun, the combination with the two main parts of the gun, a breech bolt movably mounted on one of said parts and a recessed locking device actingrearwardly and, mounted on said same part in position to receive in its recess said extreme positions of said bolt.

. 4. In a gun adaptedv to be broken in its vertical longitudinal plane when taken down, a barrel carrying receiver having at its rear end a suitable socket and a spring` projected locking bolt mounted in said socket and acting rearwardly in' the gun in combination with the frame of the gun and a bolt retracting device mounted on the frame in line with Said bolt.

5. In a gum-the combination with a frame having a recess therein, and a. depressible plate mounted in said recess, in combination with the receiver, an automatically projected tubular bolt housed in the rear end of said receiver and normally impinging against said plate. v

(3. lnA a gun, the having a recess therein, and a depressible plate mounted in said recess, in combination with the receiver, an autom ical/ly projected tubular boltrhoused in 1e rear end of said receiver and normally projecting into said recess andengaging said plate.`

7. In a gun adapted to be broken in its vertical longitudinal plane` when taken down, a frame and a barrel carrying receiver l1avingadj acent recesses, a locking device mounted in'one of said recesses' acting rearwardly breech bolt at one of the Y combination with a frame and parallel to the axis of the gun, and an actuating device mounted in the other of said recesses and engaging the locking devlce.

8. In a gun adapted to be broken in its vertical longitudinal plane when taken down, a frame and a barrel carrying receiver having adjacent recesses, a locking device lmounted in one of said recesses and adapted' to pror ject into the other of said recesses in a rearward direction parallel to t-he gun axis, and an actuating device mounted in said other recess and adapted to displace the locking device therefrom.

9. In a gun, a frame having a recess therein and a movable plate mounted in said recess, in combination with the receiver, an automatically actuated tubular bolt housed in the rear end of said receiver and normally engaging said plate, and the breech bolt mounted to enter said tubular locking bolt.

10. In a gun, the combination with an action sleeve, of a laterally perforated breech bolt, a connecting pin carried by said action sleeve, extending through said breech bolt in position to impinge against the tiring pirlit anda ring pin mounted within said 11. In a gun, the combination with an action sleeve, of a laterally perforated. breech bolt, a connecting pin earned by said action sleeve, extending through said breech bolt and perforatedto receive the tiring pin and a inng pin mounted within said boltvand extending through said connecting pin. l

12. In a gun, the combination with an ac- ,y tion slide and aybreech bolt having elongated transverse perforations of helical shape, of a connecting. pin carried by and extending from side to side of the action sleeve through 'the elongated transverse perforations in the breech/bolt, said connecting pin being perforated across its axis, a firing pin mounted within the bolt and a striking needle seated in said Iiring pin and slidably seated in the perforation in the connecting pin.

13. In a gun, the combination with the action slide, the receiver having locking lugs, and a breech. bolt having transverse perforations of helical shape, of a connecting pin extending from one side of the action sleeve to the other through said perforations in the breech bolt; a spring pressed firing pin mounted in the breech bolt, and a striking needle carried by said firingu pin and mounted to slidein the perforation in said cooking pin.

14. In a gun, the combination with the action slide, the receiver having locking lugs and a breech bolt having transverse perforations of helical shape, of a connecting pin extending from one side of the action sleeve to theV other through said perforations in the breech ibolt; and having a perforation 6I .across itsl mgm, saidv perforations in the breech bolt`being longitudinally elongated and oppositely inclined whereby movement of the pin therein rotates the breech bolt to unlock 1t, a spring pressed firing pin mounted in the breech bolt, and a striking needle carried by said firing pin and mounted to slide in the perforation in saidv cooking pin.

15. In a gun, a hammer, a detent yieldingly mounted to slide in said hammer, and a combined trigger and reciprocatin sear non-yielding as to the detent but a apted to be retracted .to release the detent of the hammer, a hub on the hammer and a spring coiled around said hub for oscillating the hammer, said hammer being of segmental shpe with a straight striking surface.

6. In a gun, a combined'trigger and reciprocating sear having a recess therein, and a scar safety dog located insaid recess.

17. In a gun, a combined trigger and reciprocating sear having a recess therein and a sear safety dog located in said recess and movable independently of the sear.

18. In a gun, a reciprocating scar a sear safety dog, movable into and out of (logging relatlon to the Sear, and a detent carried by l,

the sear'in position to engage said dog and hold it in the position to which it is ad- 'usted 19. In a gun, a reciprocating sear, a sear safety dog, movable into and out of (logging relation to the sear, and a detent carrie by the sear in position to engage said' dog and to hold it in the position to which it is adjusted, said dog having two seats for said detent for holding the dog in its respective positions.

20. In a gun, a reciprocating sear, a sear safety dog, movable into and cut'of dogging relation to the scar, and a detent carried by the Sear in position to engage said dog and hold it in the position to which it is adjusted, said dog having two seats for said detent for holding the dog in itsrespective positions, one of said seats being elongated to permit relative movement between the sear and dog when the latter is out of dogging position.

21. In a n, a reciprocating sear, an oscillating sa ety dog, a detent carried by'the senr, traveling with the sear, and movable into and out of the path of recesses in the safety dog.

22. In a gun, a reciprocating Sear havin a recess therein, a scar safety dog mounte in said recess and movable into and out of dogging position, and a detent carried by the scar in position to engage the sear safety dog and hold the same in the position to which it is adjusted.

23. In a gun, the combination with a reciprocating sear having a recess therein, a sear safety dog movably :mounted in said recess and a spring pressed detent carried by the scar in position to engage the scar' safety dog and hold the same against displacement.

2. In a gun, the frame with a recess, a,

reciprocating scar, a sear safety'dog and a sear safety dog detent carried by the sear and projecting into said recess to permit movement of said detent.

25. In aV gun, the frame with an elongated recess, a reciprocating sear, a scar safety deg, a scar safety dog detent carriedby said sear and projecting into said recess to permit movement of said detent incident to retraction of the sear. i

26. In a gun, a reciprocating scar, api-'vot pin extending through said sear and asear safety dog mounted on said pin.

27. In a gun, a scar, a pivot pin extending through said sear and having a xed bearing outside the scar and a sear safety dog mounted on said pin. f

2S. In a gun, a movable sear having an opening, elongated in the direction of rnove;l

ment of the scar, a pivot pin havingl fixed bearings outside the scar and extending through said opening and a sear safety dog mounted on said pin.

In a gun, a slidingly supported integral trigger and scar, a recess in the scar, and a scar safety dog in said recess.

30. In a gun, a sliding scar, a recess in the scar. a sear safety dog in said recess and a trigger projecting rigidly from said seal'.

3l. In a gun, a slidingly supported scar, a recess in the sear and a scar safety dog in said recess a trigger projecting rigidly therefrom, and a spring for projecting both said trigger and scar.

32. In a gun, the combination with a hammer, a spring pressed, normally projected` hammer detent mounted in said hammer, a; y

`lever into engagement with said slide.

reciprocating scar engaged by said detent to hold the hammer cocked and movable to discngage said detent to release the hammer, Yan extension on the scar forming a trigger, a spring to project the scar, a recess in the sear and a sear safety dog in said recess.

'33. In a gun, an action slide seated around the gun barrel, an automatically projecting action slide lock, and a member moving on firing and retracting said lock and located beneath said lock.

34. In a gun, an act-ion slide seated around the gun barrel, an automatically projecting action slide lock and a ltiring striker withdrawing said lock, when the striker moves to fire the gun said striker located beneath said lock.

35. In a gun, the combination with an action slide seated around the gun barrel, a lock for locking said slide at the moment of ring and a pivoted hammer arranged beneath said lock to release the slide from its lock when the gun is fired.-

3G. In a, gun, the combination With an action' slide seated around the gun barrel, a lock for locking said slide at the moment of firing and a pivoted hammer beneath said lock having a cam arranged t0 release the slide from its llock when the gun is fired.

37. In a gun, the combination with an action slide seatedaround the gun barrel,

"a receiver, having a recess, a lever mounted in the recess in the receiver, a spring for projecting said lever to engage the action slide when the latter is in forward position, a hammer beneath saidlever and a projection on the hammer adapted to strike said lever and displace it from s aid slide, when the gun is lied,

38. In a gun, the combination With a sleeve forming part of an action slide, a receiver having a suitable recess therein, a slide locking lever having an intermediate pivot securing it in said recess, a spring tending to rock said lever to project one end into the path of said sleeve at the moment the slide reaches its forward posit-ion, a pivoted hammer located beneath said lever and a cam projection on said hammer in position to strike the endv oi said lever opposite its sleeve-engaging end and disengage the lever from the action sleeve at the moment the Igun is fired.

39. In a gun, the combination with an ac tion slide, of a locking lever having a projection adapted to engage and lock said slide, A'said project-ion being formed as a lever 'i releasing but-ton.

40. In a gun, the combination with an ac- ^t`io n.slid`e of a locking lever having a projection adapted to engage and lock said slide, said projection being formed as a releasing button and a spring for forcing said 41. In a gun,an action slide seated around the gun barrel, a slide locking lever of the first order, one arm adapted' to engage said slide to lock the same and the other arm adapted to be actuated to cause'disengagement, a spring acting upon said other arm in direction of locking, and a firing hammer acting on the under side of said .other arm for unlocking.

'42. In a gun, an action slide, a slide locking lever of the `first order, having one arm adapted to engage said slide to lock the same and projecting within 'reach of the finger for voluntarily releasing it and the other arm projecting into position for automatic control, a spring for actuating said other(n sition to the springltofrelease said engagere-V ment.`

43. In an action slide' for guns/ seated around the gun/barrel, a stud or projection v extending through sald grip or handle and he foregomg speciication signed at on said slide,` a" rip, block or I xiandle emfl- @tending throngh said grip o; handle and bracin' said stu or. projection and a pin--.said projection.

Said projection. Washington D. C this 5th da' of July, 1911.

44. In a gun, an action slide seated around MORRIS FO D SMITH.

the gun barrel, a stud or rojection on said In presence ofl slide, a grip block or han 1e embracin said HERVEY S. KNIHT,

stud or projection and a longitudina pin EDWIN S. CLARKSON.-

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