US1076978A - Pulper-breast. - Google Patents

Description

E. GUERRERO.

PULPER BREAST.

APPLICATION rILBD JUNE 7, 191s.

Patented OC). 28, 1913.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

E. GUERRERO.

, PULPBR BREAST.

APPLIUATION FILED JUNE 7, 1913.

1,076,978. Patent-,ed 0011.28, 1913.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

"TED STA@ OFFICE.

EDMUNDO GUERRIER@ 0F ANTIGUA, GUATEMALA.

PULPER-BREAST.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented ct. 28, `1913.

Application led June 7, .1913. Serial No. 772,294.

To @ZZ .fw/z om t may concern Be it known that I, EDMUNDO GUERRERO, a citizen of the Republic of Guatemala, residing' at Antigua, in the Province of Sacatepequez and Republic of Guatemala, have invented new and useful Improvements" in Pulper-Breasts, of which the following is a speciiication.

lt is an important object to enable the application of my improved breast to the fainiliar type o f pulper frame without requiring modifications of the usual construction.

rThe invention as embodied is applicable to that type oipulper shown in the patents to lvi'asem #550,834; and to Gordon, #80-l,395, and purposes to effect improvements in construction and functions, while at the same.

time retaining the important advantages `of the prior devices. c

lt is a further object to avoid complicationsin construction and .to reduce ,the number of parts: and movements required in the i adjustments of the breast, wliile increasing the capacity and improving the etliciency of the machina` `as compared to previous devices, having the same length of cylinder.

it has been the experience with such machines heretofore that additional treatments of the berry are required to complete the clearance of the hulls from the grains, and it an important aim of my invention to reduce the necessity for subsequent treatments after the grains have been 'passed once through a machine equipped with my inver.` tion. lt has been especially dii'licult in prior devices to treat both large and small berries, and my invention attains the complete removal of hulls from large and small berries alike, without damage to the grains from the .larger berries.

It is an important advantage of my vention that it may be employed in connection with various machines other than those specilically mentioned.

Additional objects and advantages will be apparent from the following description and drawings, or otherwise.

ln the drawings forming a part of the application, Figure l is a fragmentary front view of a machine equipped with my invention, Fig. 2 is an elevation of the inner side of the breast, Fig. 3 is a cross section on the line 3--3 of F ig. 1, Fig. 4 is a detail of thc cylinder clearing device, Fig. 5 is a detail of applied as embodied in the present in` stance includes a supporting frame l0, iiicluding four legs 1l, a shaft l2 being journaled in the frame and carrying a pulpcr cylinder 13 of usual construction Ahaving a copper sheathing 14 formed with the proper ribs or teeth for the performance of its functions. The usual hopper l5 is mounted .over the cylinder, into which the stock maybe introduced for treatment. At each side of the frame adjacent `the level ot the shaft 12 and Aforwardly of the cylinder, there are customarily provided vertical mashined faces 1G to which the supporting portions of the breast are secured. T-he forego ing details do not comprise novel features.

Secured across the front of the framework by means of bolts engaged in the inachined faces 16, there is a lheavy bar 17, having two downwardly projectingai'ms 18 adjacent the respective sides of the framework, and two intermediate upwardly pro jecting arms 19, the arms being approximately concentric with the cylinder, and being apertured at their ends to receive slidably bolts 2O supporting the breast 2l, which will be subsequently described. Suitable bosses are formed around the apertures in the arms, engaged upon which are adjusting wheels 22 having threaded revoluble eugagcment with the bolts and secured in adjusted positions by means of lock nuts Q8 on the bolts. On the inner side of the har l? there are longitudinally spaced bearing lugs 2-1- having smoothly finished upper sidcsapproximately radial to the shaft l2. lfhe apertures in the arms 18 and 1S) should be nearly or quite parallel to these faces. The breast comprises a web 25. concentric with the cylinder approximately, and of rcctaii` gulai form, the upper edge being adapted to rest closely adjacent the front side of the hopper, which is adapted to allow stock to feed therefrom to the space between the breast and cylinder, being approximately the same length as the cylinder, and having its lower edge extended downwardly from the upper edge a distance approximately 90 degrees with respect to the axis of the shaft 1Q. @n the outside of this web there are formed radial bearing lugs 26, having their under sides finished smoothly and resting slidably upon the lugs 24, whereby the thrust imparted to the breast in operation is taken up by the lugs 24 and 26, without straining the bolts 20.

Located one-quarter of the length of the web from each end immediately adjacent its lower edge, there are discharge openings 27, from which extend suitable spouts 28 on the outer side of the web. On the inner side of the web extending divergently upward from each opening 27 there are channels 29, formed by means of ribs 50 raised on the inner side of the web in parallel relation on each side of the channels 29. These ribs are extended downwardly on respective adjacent sides of the openings E27, and are extended upwardly from the upper ends of the channels 29 so as to form the individual throats 32 for the outermost channels 29, and the larger central throat- 33 from which the two inner channels 29 lead. The ribs are of convenient height throughout, and the bottoms of the spouts 28 are extended inwardly to aline concentrically with the ribs. The outermost ribs 30 terminate in vertical portions 34, immediately at the ends of the web, extending for approximately two-fifths of its height. The next two ribs inwardly of these intersect at their lower ends centrally over the respective openings 27, and converge again slightly at their upper ends, their points of intersection with the upper edge of the web being spaced some distance apart, a connecting rib portion 36 being extended therebetween to prevent access of stock to the heart-shaped space thereunder. The ends of the bolts 2O are secured to the web within these heart-shaped spaces for engagement with the upwardly extending arms 19, while the lower bolts 2O are engaged with the web adjacent its lower corners. For this purpose, the bolts are provided with heads engaged loosely against the inner face of the web and the breast is pressed inwardly until checked against the bolt-heads under the action of helical springs 39 engaged around the bolts and compressed between the web and respective arms 18 and 19. These springs 39 are of sufficient strength to prevent outward movement of the breast under the action of the machine upon -coffee berries alone, and it will be seen that in the event that a stone or piece of wood or the like becomes engaged between the breast and the cylinder the breast will yield theret-o and breakage of the breast be prevented. The breast may be quickly removed from the machine by merely loosening the bolts 40 at each end of the bar 17, which may be swiveled as customary, and engaged in slots 41 in the ends of the bar, suitable hand nuts 42 being engaged on the bolts to hold the bar rigidly in place. By this construction the tramming-or adjustment of the breast in proper relation to the cylindermay be quickly and accurately attained and this adjustment is not disturbed by the removal of the breast as described, for clearance of obstructions or debris.

The major port-ion of the channels at their upper parts, and the throats, are of a common depth, determined by the thickness of the web 25. Intermediately of their length, the inclined portions of the channels 29 are provided with'risers 43 having downwardly inclined faces by which the depth of the channels is decreased, in practice it being found practicable to decrease this depth one-third or more, Below the risers the channels continue a considerable distance at the lesser depth, to the point where they communicate with the openings 27. In this manner, the major portion of the hulls-especially of the larger berriesare removed while in the lowermost parts those hulls which were too small for proper engagement by the cylinder in the upper part of the channels are thoroughly removed. This operation is accomplished without damage to the grains which have already been freed of their hulls, because of the reduced volume of the stock when it reaches this part, and'it is a peculiar advantage of this arrangement that the clearing of the hulls from the grain is accomplished without packing the stock in the channels, so that there is less friction and damage to the grains, due to the fact that the channel bottoms and cylinder surface do not converge rapidly at their outer parts, giving ample time for the clearance of the hulls from the channels, so that when the stock reaches the risers there is room enough for action on the small hulls without jamming of the stock and damaging of cleaned grains. Below the risers the length ofthe channels is sufficient to allow ample time for he working of the small berries in the 'shallow part of the channels, where in prior devicesA the channels have terminated near the point of their minimum depth so that there could not be a sufficiently sustained treatment of the smaller berries to effect complete clearance of the hulls and pulp.

By the peculiar relation of the stock receiving throats and the discharge ports, and the arrangement of the channels, it is possible to obtain a greater Obliquity for the required distance in a given length of breast than with prior devices 0f. equal capacity and size, while it surpasses in capacity for cleaned grains prior devices having more nearly vertical channels and consequently less eiiiciency. ,At the same time there is no possibility of reentry of loosened hulls tothe channels after removal, so that a minimum amount of pulp and hulls are found in the finished product.

In order to adapt the ordinary hopper' to properly feed the hulls to my improved breast, I provide a fender plate of a width corresponding to the distance between the inner and outer throats, sloping upwardly therefrom, adapted to iit snugly between the front and back sides of the hopper and having lateral edges curved to conform to the periphery of the cylinder. Upwardly extending tongues 4G are formed on the fenders, having longitudinal slots 47 therein, through which bolts may be engaged with the sides of the hopper to support the fender closely over the cylinder, adj ustably.

For clearing the cylinder of those hulls which adhere and are carried beyond the proper point of clearance, I provide a large gear 48, secured to the shaft 12 and meshed with a small gear 49 carried on the same shaft with a rotating brush 50 comprising a drum carrying bristle wires 50 formed of brass. The shaft 52 of this brush is carried at each end in a bearing 53 of ordinary type, mounted centrally upon an oblong plate 54 having suitable apertures through each end portion. Inwardly of the plate 54 a clamping plate 55 is engaged around the shaft, conforming in size and shape to the plate 54 and adapted to be secured thereto by bolts 56 coengaged through the tube. The brush is secured in place with its bristles lightly touching the cylinder by disposing the plate 55 within the legs l1 at one end of the frame 10, while the plate 54 is bolted thereto and the legs clamped tightly to support the brush. The gears 48 and 49 are formed with very long teeth, so that the brush 50 may be adjusted vertically to compensate for wear, which may be done by loosening the bolts 5G and tightening them again after the brush has been suiiiciently elevated. Suitable washers or other spacing means 57 may be engaged between one plate 55 and the brush.

It is to be noted that the channels 29 eX- tend with greater Obliquity than is customary in such devices, whereby the action on the stock for a given degree of rotation of the cylinder is considerably prolonged. The number of discharge openings is much smaller than ordinary for a machine with a like number of channels, so that the collection of grains is simplied. It is found also, that the smaller number of openings do not interfere with the working capacity of the machine, as the reduction in bulk of the material treated is suiiicient to enable its ready passage through the outlets.

lt is an important function of my invention that the absence of pronounced Widening of the space between the web of the breast and the cylinder at the upper parts of the throats prevents the admission of such quantities of stock that certain berries or hulls are crowded away from the lower side of the channels until so late in their progress that hulls are ejected with the grains, as occurs in prior devices. It also assures imu mediate working of all medium and full sized berries as soon as they leave thehopper. At the same time, the lateral enlargement of the throats-that is, their broadening longitudin'ally of the cylinder-insures the focusing of the stock in the channels in poper quantity.

Tvlfhat is claimed: Y

l. A pulper breast for horizontal cylinder machines, comprising a web, having a plurality of outlet openings therethrough adjacent one edge, ribs raised on the inner side of the web certain ribs extending upwardly beside the openings and diverging from the opening, being all arranged and disposed to form divergent channels in communication with and extending upwardly from each-` of the openings, and enlarged throat portions forming continuations of the channels opposite the direction of rotation of the cylinder and opening on the opposite edge of the web from said openings.

2. A. breast for pnlpers, a body adapted to be mounted in fixed relation to a movable pulper element and having stock-receiving channels, having a deep receiving portion with a bottom approximately parallel to the mean surface of the pulper element, `and an inner portion abruptly decreased in depth and continuing with a lesser depth than the receiving portion for a spaced distance toward a point of discharge.

3. In a coil'ee pulper, a breast having stock leading channels provided with an entrance portion for a major part of their length having a bottom approximately concentric with the cylinder, terminating in an abruptly inclined surface convergent toward the cylinder, and an inner part of minimum depth also approximately concentric with the cylinder and extending for a considerable distance.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two subscribing witu nesses.

EDMUNDO GUERRERO.

Witnesses:

CHARLES F. Drees, R. W. Wenn.

Genies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents. Washington, D. C.

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