US1075317A - Hydraulic apparatus. - Google Patents

Description

C. WIGTEL. HYDRAULC APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 31, 1912.

Patented 0013. 7, 1913.

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HIEATTDRNEY COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH C0.. WASHINGTON. D. c.

C. WIGTEL.

HYDRAULIC APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED MAYsl, 1912.

Patented Oct. 7, 1913.

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purr segregatie orare CARL WIGTEL, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO THE WATSON-STILLMAN COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

HYDRAULIC APPARATUS.

Application filed May 31, 1912.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CARL VVIGTEL, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the borough of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings, in the city and State of New York, have invented a certain new and useful lmprovement in Hydraulic Apparatus, of which the following is a full, clear, and eX- act description, reference being made to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification.

rThis invention relates to improvements in hydraulic apparatus which includes hydropneumatic accumula-tors that hold liquid under pressure and transmit it to hydraulic presses and other analogous machines, the object of the invention being to provide such accumulators,with means to control the quantity of liquid supplied to them at intervals to compensate for that used in operating a machine or machines, so that the liquid in an accumulator will not fall below or rise above certain levels.

The invention consists of the combination with an accumulator or accumulators of a regulator having the features of construction which are hereinafter described and specified in the claims.

On the accompanying sheets o-f drawings, which illustrate the invention embodied in apparatus including both a high-pressure and a low-pressure hydro-pneumatic accumulator, and on which like reference-numerals designate like parts in different views; Figure 1 is a side and sectional elevation of the apparatus; Fig. 2, a vertical section of a casing, and side elevation of a couni'zerweighted float and other devices which the casing contains, this casing and the mechanism within it forming the regulator; and Fig. 3, a side elevation of the counterweighted float shown on a plane at right angles to that of Fig. 2.

The particular apparatus illustrated in the drawings was designed for use in operating a hydraulic press capable of exerting a pressure of 2500 tons. rl`he air-chamber of the low-pressure accumulator 1 is connected with the low-pressure cylinder 2, forming part of the high-pressure accumulator, by the pipe 3, and branches ext-ending Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. "Z, 1913.

Serial No. 700,567.

downward therefrom to the tops of the accumulators, the pipe 3 being also connected to an air-compressor which is not shown. This cylindrical tank 2 is supported on and affixed to columns 4 by which it is attached to the base 5, the columns being fast in the base. lVithin the cylinder 2 is the piston G on which is a gland 7 and above this gland is a space filled with packing S. The top of the piston is covered with a seal 9 of liquid. To the piston 6 is affixed the hollow cylinder 10 which extends downward from the piston and surrounds the plunger 11, consisting of a hollow post fast in the base 5, there being packing 12 surrounding this plunger' or post and confined in the cylinder 10 between the ring 13 and screw-plug- 14 at the lower end of the cylinder. The pipe 15 communicates with a passage 1G formed in the base 5, and connecting the pipe with the interior of the plunger 11, this pipe eXtending to the operating-valve 17, and the pipe 15 is connected with a high-pressure pump (not shown) by a pipe 18. rlhe pipe 19 connects the low-pressure accumulator, at the bottom, with the operating-valve 17, and a pipe 20 extends from the pipe 19 to a lowpressure pump (not shown). On the cylinder 10, next to its lower end, is an arm 21 to which is attached the rod 22 that is movable up and down in a guide 23 affixed to the cylinder 2, this rod forming part 0f a well known connection that extends from the cylinder 10 to the high-pressure pump, the function of this connection being to cause the high-pressure pump to start and cease to work when the rod 22 is moved as hereinafter described. The pipes 3 and 19 are connected by a pipe 24 on which is a regulating valve 25, and on the pipe 3 are a check-valve 26, globe- valves 27 and 28, and a safety-valve 29. An air-gage 30, attached to the tank of the low-pressure accumulator, indicates the air-pressure within the tanks 1 and 2.

When a hydraulic press, for example, is operated by means of this apparatus, the handle 31 of the operating-valve 17 is moved so that liquid is allowed to pass from the tank 1 through the pipe 19, valve 17 and pipe 32, to the ram-cylinder of the press,

and then, alter the ram has been. driven to the position tro-1n which it must be torced to the end o't its movement b y greater pressure, the handle 81 is moved to close the low-pressure valve-passage and open the high-pressure passage, whereupon liquid passes into the ram-cylinder from the highpressure accumulator'.

Fig. 1 illustrates 'the apparatus as it appears at the end of an operation, the highpressure accumulator then containing liquid 33, that fills the interior oft the hollow post l1 and the space between that post and the cylinder 10, above the ring 13, and the lowpressure acciunulator containing liquid 84.. The liquid is forced from the high-pressure accumulator by the downward movement of the piston 6, actuated by compressed air contained in the tanks 1 and 2, which hold air conducted to them under the required pressure trom the air-compressor through the pipe 3 and the branches which connect that pipe with the tanks. lVhe-n the piston 6 starts to descend it is above the position in which it is shown, its elevation then being such that the lower end ot the cylinder 10 is near the top of the post 11, and the cylinder and post 10 and 11 are lilled with liquid which is subjected to mucll greater pressure per square inch than is the liquid in the tank 1, since the diameter of the piston 6 is several times that of the cylinder 10. As the piston 6 reaches, or nearly reaches, the end oit its downward movement, the rod 22 and the other parts of the connection including it canse the high-pressure pump to start, and liquid under the required pressure is forced into the pipe 15 through the pipe 1S and mad-e to act on the ram and piston 6 until the valvepassage connecting' the pipes 15 and 32 is closed at the end ot' the operation. rEhen the high-pressure pump, continuing to work, :forces liquid into the cylinder 10 and restores the piston 6 to the position from which it started to descend. and when the piston reaches that position the connection including the rod 22 stops the pump. The liquid used to actuate the rain ot the press is released through a passage that is opened at the end of the operation, so that the ram can then return or be restored to its normal position.

The tank of the low-pressure accumulator contains about as much liquid as is shown therein, both at the beginning and end of each operation, the quantity used from this accumulator during the first part of an operation being replaced by a like quantity, lpumped into the tank 1 through the pipes Q0 and 19 during the latter part of the operation by the low-pressure pump, whose action depends upon that of the regulator.

1n Fig. 1 the regulator is shown at the right of the tank 1, to which the casing 35 of the register is connected by pipes 36 and 37, that torm passages extending from the interior of the tank to that of the casing 35 and conduct air and liquid from the accumulator to the regulator, the pipe 36 being above the highest level and the pipe 37 below the lowest level of the liquid. The base 3S of this casing comprises a hub 39 (Fig. 2) trom which a post 40, screwed tightly into the hub, extends nearly to the top of the casing. This post passes through the float 41 and counterweight 42, which are solid blocks ot metal. movable up and down on the post. The tloat 41 is connected with the levers 43 by the links 44, these levers being mounted on a stud 45, Xed in and extending from the post 40 near its upper end, and the counterweight is connected with these levers by the links 46. When the float is in its lowest position it rests on a collar 47 that is tast on the post. The tioat is connected by the link 4S, pivoted at its upper end to the lug 49 on the bottom of the tioat, with the arm 50 of the toothed hub 51, the link being pivoted at its lower end to the arm. The teeth of the hub 51 mesh with the teeth 52 ot the slide 53. This slide is a bar resting on a roller 54 below the hub 51, and on a valve plug seclu'ed in and extending through the side ot the base 3S. The toothed hub 51 and roller 54 are pivotally mounted on a support 56 which is affixed to the hub 39 and has at each end a pair of upwardly extending arms, the arm 57 and another similar arm forming one pair, and the arm 58 and a similar arm forming the other pair. rlfhe toothed hub and slide tit between the arms 57, the hub 51 being pivoted to these arms, and the slide extends between the arms 58 and under a cross-rod 59 iiXed in them and bearing on the top of the slide. The valve-plug contains passages 60 and 61, a groove 62, and a passage 63 connecting the passage 61 with the groove. leads to an aperture from which extends a waste-pipe 64 (indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 2), `attached to the casing of the regulator. When the slide 53 is in the position shown in Fig. 2, the cup 65 ot the slide covers both of the passages 60 and 61, so that fluid can pass from the passage 60 into the cup and thence into the passage 61. The passage 60 communicates with the interior of the cylinder 66 containing the piston 67 (indicated by dotted lines), the piston-rod 68 being connected by the link 69 with the lever 70 which is mounted on a stud xed in a boss 7l formed on the casing 35. 0n one arm of this lever is a weight 72, and the other arm is connected by alink 73 and other well known devices with the low-pressure pump. 0n the casing 35 is a glass tube 74 (Fig. 1), the interior of the casing being connected with that ot' the tube by passages near the ends of the tube.

This groove To prepare the apparatus 'tor use, a small quantity ot liquid 9 is made to iow into the tank 2 through one of the pipes 75, eX- tending through the piston 6l and having cocks 76 at their lower ends, and liquid is pumped with the low-pressure pump into the tank l, from which some flows through the passage 37 into the casing 35, until the level of the liquid in the tank and casing is about that of the liquid 34C shown in Fig. l, and liquid is pumped with the high-pressure pump through the hollow post 11 into the cylinder 10 until the high-pressure pump ceases to act as explained above, and air under the desired pressure is admitted into the tanks. The 'float l1 is enough heavier than the counterweight so that the fle-at extends into the liquid in the casing 35, but the float is lighter than the combined weight of the counterweight and that of the liquid displaced by the float. Censequently the float rises or falls with the liquid contained in the tank l and casing of the regulator. As the float rises from the position shown in Fig. 2, the hub 51 is turned by the action ot the link 48 on the arm 50 and the slide 53 is moved by the action of the teeth of the hub 51 on the teeth 52, the cup 65 sliding on the plug 55 toward the adjacent wall oit the casing. Then the liquid reaches about the height shown in Fig. l the cup 65 has traveled far enough to uncover or partly uncover the top of the passage 60 in the valve-plug, whereupon Huid, forced by the air-pressure in the tank 1 and casing 35, which the air enters through the passage 36, rushes through the passage 60 into the cylinder 66 and raises the piston 67, which acts on the lever 70, through the piston-rod 68 and link 69, so that the weight 72 is raised and the rod 73 is pulled downward. This rod, moved as described and acting through the other well known devices that connect it with the low-pressure pump, then stops the action of the pump, the rod remaining in the position to which it was thus moved for the liquid in the cylinder 66 continues to hold the piston 67 at the top ot' the cylinder. llihen the ram or a press is actuatedy as above explained by liquid forced from the low-pressure accumulator, the float 41 descends, the slide 53 being so moved that the cup 65 travels toward the inner end of the valveplug 55, and when communication is established between the passages 60 and 6l through the cup the liquid in the cylinder 66 is discharged through the passages leading to the waste-pipe 64, and the weight 72 actuates the lever to raise the rod 73 and cause the low-pressure pump to again force iluid into the tank 1, the action et the pump continuing until it is terminated as above described.

1t will be understood that the invention claimed can be embodied in apparatus varying more or less in details of construction from the particular' apparatus shown herein.

.Having thus described my invention, what l claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

l. In hydraulic apparatus the combination with an accumulator ot a regulator to control the quantity of liquid to be supplied to the accumulator, the regulator comprising a casing, and a counterweighted float contained therein and connected with a valve on whose action depends the action of a pump that. supplies the accumulator with liquid, the interior et the casing being connected with the interior ot' the accumulator by passages that conduct air and liquid from the accumulator to the regulator.

2. 1n hydraulic apparatus the combination with high pressure and low pressure accumulators having communicating airchambers, of a regulator to control the quantity of liquid to be supplied to the low pressure accumulator, the regulator comprising a casing and a counterweighted float contained therein and connected with a valve on whose action depends the action of a pump that supplies the low pressure accumulator with liquid, the interior ot the casing being :onnecled with the interior el' the low pressure accumulator by passages that conduct air and liquid from this accumulator te the regulator.

8. 1n hydraulic apparatus the combination with an accumulator of a regulator to control the quantity of liquid to be supplied to the accumulator, the regulator comprising a casing, and a combined solid float and counterweight contained therein and connected with a valve on whose action depends the action of a pump that supplies the accumulator with liquid, the interior of the casing being connected with the interior of the accumulator by passages that conduct air and liquid from the accumulator to the regulator.

a. ln hydraulic apparatus the combination with an accumulator of a regulator to control the quantity of liquid to be supplied to the accumulator, the regulator comprising a casing, levers mounted on a support in the upper part or" the casing, and a float and counterweight contained in the casing and connected with said levers by links and .vith a valve on whose action depends the action et' a pump that supplies the accumulator with liquid, the interior of the casing being connected with the interior et' the accumulator by passages that conduct air and liquid from the accumulator to the regulater.

ln hydraulic apparatus the combination with. accumulator' ot a regulator to control the quantity et liquid to be supplied to the accumulator, the regulator comprising a easing, a post fast in the base oil the the interior of the casing being connected easing and extendmg nearly to the top Wlth the ulterior ofthe accumulator' by pasl0 thereof, levers mounted on sald post near its sages that. conduct alr and liquid from the upper end, and a float and oounterweght accumulator to the regulator.

surrounding said post and connected with CARL VVIGTEL. said levers by links and with a Valve on In presence of- Wliose action depends the aoaon 'of a pump FRANK H. CLARK,

that supplies the accumulator with liquid, LoUIsA E. SIMsoN.

Copies of this patent may 'be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner 'of Patents, Washington, D. C.

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