US1075027A - Tunneling-machine. - Google Patents

Description

N. EBBLEY.

TUNNELING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 2s, 1910.

Patented O ctf'?, 1913.

7 SHEETS-SHEET l.

l Il @n vente@ Patented Oct. "i, 1913.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

@E 4&5

am il :l |I

IIN V J M gi l| Il glamento@ *1,1m mu qN. EBBLEY.

TUNNELING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED APLze, 1910.

N. EBBLEY.

TUNNELING MACHINE.

APPLIOATION FILED APB. 2s. 1910.

41,075,027'. Patented 0@t.7,1913.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

N. EBBLBY.

TUNNELING MACHINE.

APPLIQATION FILED APR. ze, 1910.

1,075,027, 1 Patented 001.11913. v

7 sums-SHEET 4'.

'Y In.; m

t. Il D N. EBBLEY.

TUNNELING MACHINE.

IPPLIGMION PILBD M326, 1910.

1,075,027. Patented oct. 7,1913.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

51A/nudo@ www@ N. EBBLEY.

TUNNELING MACHINE.

APPLIGATION FILED Amma, 1910.

1,075,027. Patented 0013.731913.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

77, Yigg.

` N. BBBLEY.

TUNNELING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED APB.zs. 1910.

Patented Oct. '7, 1913.

SHEETS-SHEET 7.

UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEIcE.

Nonnen EBBLEY, or WALLACE, IDAHO.

1,075,027, :peeiaeation ofretters retest. Patented @et 1.913.

i I Application. lilcd April 26, 19112- Seral .Ne- 55336.67-

Be it known that I, NORMAN EBBLEY, of complete and finished condition. I Wallace, Idaho, have invented a new and With these objects 1n view, the inventlon useful Improvement in Tunneling-Machlnes, generally stated, consists of a suitable framewhich invention is'fully set-forth in the folwork, preferably mounted on wheels to be 60 lowing specification. advanced 1n the tunnel or excavation as the This invention relates to tunneling or borwork proceeds, whlch framework carries an ing machines, and has for its principal obengine operated by fluid pressure, preferject to provide a machine of this character ably compressed alt', and on -the forward for boring tunnels in rock or rocky formapart of said framework 1s carried a revolv- 6 5 tions, though manifestly it is capable of lng h ead provided'with a series of drilling use for other purposes than the construction machines whlch drlll nnular grooves in the or boring of tunnels. face of the rock, leaving ribs or lands of Heretofore in machines of this character, rock between the grooves. Simultaneously it has. been proposed to drill holes in the 0r successively with the drilling action and70 face of the rock and to blast down the face; followlng along behind the same, a series of it has also been proposed to mill off the face duid-pressure operated hammers act to of the rock; while in other instances annuhammer the face o f the ribs or lands of lar channels have been drilled in the rock rock, the drilled and hammered material and the intervenin ribs between the chanfalling to the bottom of the tunnel or exea.- 75 nels have been broen down by the use of vation as muck 3. During this drilling wedges or similar devices. It has also been and hammering operation, the face of the proposed todisintegrate or weaken the rock rock 1s constantly sprayed with water for by the application of heat, and then comthe purpose of keeping down the dust, in plete the operation by suddenly chilling the order that the same may not lnterfere with $4) rock, as by the use of cold water, or by hamthe workmen operating the machine. l mering. All of these methods of operation For the purpose of removing the muck, are slow and more or less ineliicient and eX- I provide at the bottom of the tunnel or pensive to operatet excavation a continuously operating muck In addition to the difficulty of disintegratremover of peculiar and novel construction, 85 ing or breaking up the rock along the line which acts to withdraw the muck from the of the tunnel or other excavation, there foremost part of the tunnel or excavation arises the difficulty of removing the debris and beneath the operating head back to a made up of the drilled and broken rock, point where the same is taken up by a suitwhieh debris is technically known in the art able endless carrier, by which it is removed QQ as muck In most of the operations with to the rear. which I am familiar, the removal of this The device for removing the muck from muck necessitates a discontinuance of the the forward portion of the tunnel or excaoperation of disintegratin the rock while ration will hereinafter be referred to as the the muck is being remove so that the dismucker, and in its construction and op- 95 integration aud the removal of the muck eration advantage is taken of the inertia of go on each intermittently, the one alternatthe muck to facilitate the removal of the ing with the other. latter. The mucher may assume any suit- The object of the present invention is to able form, but as herein specifically shown,

To all whom t may concern.' lelVB the lllflel 0I' hre Vin 3- SUbSQQ-ally v provide a machine for the purposes indi- 1t consists of a long shovel-like structure, 1.430

cated which shall rapidly disintegrate the preferably composed of sheet steel, which face of the hardest rock formations, and is capable of a to-andffro motion in line simultaneously with the disintegration therewith the tunnel. In advancing the mache;

of shall remove the muck, so that both shovel, the same is given a qu-iclg forward operations are proceeding simultaneously. movement by means 0f Suitable Connections. .1f-5

A further object is to provide a machine with the engine or other mechanical means,

of this character which may be economically said moi-'ement being very much the nsf operated, and which shall aiord the greatest ture of a man using an ordinary shovel to armunt of comfort and convenience to the insert the shovel under' the material. Th@

workmen, and as the machine proceeds, shall mucker shovel is then withdrawn rearward, 13,0

. the sphere specific details hereinafter be the movement at first being a s low movement, which movement, however, is constantly accelerated, to the end that the muck on the shovel may partake of the movement of said shovel. The mucker shovel having acquired a rapid rearward movement, it is brought to a sudden stop,

vand the inertia of the material thereon causes the same to continue the backward movement after the shovel has stopped, thus advancing the material toward the rear on the shovel, that is. the muck slides rearward on `the shovel after the latter has been brought toa stop. At the -next forw-ard movement of the shovel, it is given a sudden or hquick impulse forward, and the muck resting thereon, by reason of its inertia, fails to move forward with lthe shovel, thus advancing the muclfarther-to the rear on the shovel. This operation is continually repeated untilthe muck is brought within ofaction of any suitable endless carrier operating at the bottom of the tunnel for withdrawing the muck beyond the rear of the tunneling machine, when it may be removed from the tunnel in any suitable The invention also includes a number of of construction which will specifically described and then pointed out in the claims.

The inventive idea involved in the present invention is capable of receiving a varietyl of mechanical expressions, one of which, for

the purpose of illustrating the invention, is shown in the accompanying drawings, but

,ity is to be expressly understood that the ,spe-v cic construction illustrated in the drawings is shown for the purpose of illustration only. and is not to be taken as delining the limits of the invention, reference being had to the appended claims for that purpose.

Referring to the drawings: Figuresvl, 1a, are separated views principallv in elevation and part in broken section, showing a tunneling machine embodying my improvements: Fig. Q is a perspective detail view of a drill support; Fig. 3 isan enlarged sectional detail view showing the interior construction of a portion of the machine drillhead: Fig. 4 is a horizontal sectional view on the line 4.-4' of Fig. 11, showing'theinplan views of the tunneling ,in Figs. 1 and 1a; Fig. T is let valve and ports in the engine for operating the muck shovel: Fig. 5 Vis a vertical sectional view on the broken line 5-5, Fig. 11, showing means for controlling the exhaust of said engine; Figs. 6 and 6a are separated machine shown a view in front elevation. showing the revoluble head of the tunneling machine and the drilling devices mounted thereon 5 Fig. 8 is a rear elevational view of the same machine as it is braced against the tunnel walls; Fig. 9 is an enlarged detail plannviewof the muck-shovel operating engine, showing a portion of the i shovel attached thereto; Fig. 10 is a perspective detail of the controlling means for the inlet and exhaust valve of the muck-shovel` engine: Fig. 11 is a vertical transverse sectional view on the line 11-11 of Fig. 9.

Referring more particularly to Figs. 1, 1a and 8 of the drawings, the tunneling machine comprises a tool-supporting head l mounted on a revoluble and extensible tubular shaft 2 which is supported in front in a bearing 3, and at the rear in a supportingsaddle 4. both of which supports are mounted on wheeled trucks 6 running on rails.

The rear of shaft 2 is guided in a block 7 which is mounted thereon and made fast to the walls of the tunnel by means of iacks 7*. This block also serves as anx abutment for supporting driving cylinders 8, 8, which impart longitudinal movement to shaft 2 by means of a pair of pistons therein, which are driven by .compressed air or other fluid. The rods 9, 9, of said pistons are made fast at their outer ends to a collar 10 which permits rotation of shaft Q, but is fast against longitudinal movement thereon. Rotation of the main shaft` 2 is effected by means of an engine 11 acting through a train of gearing on the large drive gear 12 fast on said shaft. With this general description I will now describe in detail my improvements relating to the drill-head.

The ydrill-head includes a plurality of tubular arms 13,14, which serve the double purpose of drill-supports and Huid-conduits,

and are arranged radially around 'the for-' ward end of the drive-shaft Q These arms are preferably grouped in pairs, each pair lyingl in the same -radial plane. arms 13, 14, is made fast to the wall of the shaft 2 by securing means such as by a step 15 bolted to the wall of the shaft and having a threaded opening into which the end of the arm may be screwed. Each tubular arm 13 is in open communication with an air pipe 16 located in the axis of the drive-shaft and is supplied with air from an air pressure reservoir, not shown. The pipe 16 is connected with each tubular arm 13 by a coupling consisting, for example. of a cap 1T screwed on the end of pipe 16 and provided with as many threaded side openings 18 as there are arms 13. Into each of these threaded openings is screwed a nipple 19 which, in the illustrations Figs. 1 and 3,

Each of theA telescopes a similar nipple E20 entering side p they are screwed. Upon the-radial arms 13, `14,1 support the pneumatic cylinders 25 for driving the tools against the face of the rock. The supporting means which I have shown and which I prefer to use comprise e bar 26, Fig. 2,1having tubular spring jaws 27 adapted to iengage arms 13 and 14 and be clamped thereon in any desired position along the yarms `by suitable bolts engaging the openings 28.

A socket `29, having its axis at right- `angles to the axis of the `tubular clamps, is

provided in bar 26 for receiving an arbor 30 which is screw-threaded at one end for receiving a lock-nut, and at the opposite end is fast to and supports a bracket 3l having slide grooves 32 for receiving and retaining the drill., cylinder 25 which is provided with suitable shoulders, not shown, for engaging the grooves. With bracket 31 mounted on clamp bar 26 and the latter in position on arms 13, 14, the drill cylinder carried byy bracket 31 is capable of movement in a radial plane through the axis of shaft 2, `more clearly shown in Fig. 7, by means of an adjusting screw 33, having rightand left-hand threads which engage nuts 34, 35, which have pivoted connections with the bracket 31 and with a clamp ring 36 mounted on the radial arm 18. The bar 26 above described is preferably used in supporting the pneumatic cylinders operating tools Working somewhat Within the circumference of the bore of the tunnel, and has the socket 29 located between the clamping jaws 27, 27. "The sockets 29 in those bars which are used for supporting drillcylinders 25 VWorking around the periphery of the face of the tunnel, are preferably arranged near the rear end of the bars where less angular movement 'of the cylinder is required. Eachl of the vpneumatic cylinders 25' is of the usual type and receives its air supply `through hose connections 37 connecting with radial tubular arms 13 and is provided withthe customary means for controllin its piston.

The oring headof the machine, as stated above, is adapted to ,rotate and also to advance as the rock is removed from the breast of the tunnel. Vvrhile any suitable means may be employed for this purpose the one I have illustrateflvand prefer to use I Will now describe. Mounted on the frame 5 of the tunneling machine is a prime mover 11 Which maybe of any preferred forni, such as an engine driven'bysteam or compressed air.rv This engine, through its pitman and crank-shaft, drives small ugear 38, which transmits., its power throu h the train of gears 39, 40,41, bevel-gears and 43, power shaft 44, Ygear '44', to large drivinggear l2, which 1s faston shaft 2,y and thereby rotatesthehead of the tunnelin machine. The headof the. machinefis fa vand as work progresses by manipulating the controlling lever 45 which acts through suitable v connecting means 45 and valve means 45 .to control. air supply 451- and the admission and exhaust of air' through pipes 8 for operating compressed airv cylinders 8, the pistons of which are connected to the revoluble shaft 2 in the ina-nner above described. The bearing 3 in which shaft 2 is free to revolve is held against longitudinel movement relatively to the said shaft by means of two collars 48, 49, clamped to the shaft by bolts or othermea-ns. Bearing 3 is provided with leveling or adjusting screws 50 Working in lugs 51, the ends of the leveling screws resting in sockets 52 fast to the frame of the machine. When lever 45 is operated to admit air in front or rear of the pistons in cylinders 8, 8, the shaft 2 is forced to move longitudinally by reason of the connections of the iston rods 9, 9, with the shaft 2, and with t .movement of the main shaft the frame also moves on the track. The rear end of shaft 2 rests in a supporting saddle 4 mounted in the top member of frame 53. This yoke is capable of being raised and lowered by means of a leveling scr-ersT 54 working in a nut 54' formed in or carried by the lower member of frame 53. The necessary lateral adjustment of the rear of the shaft 2 is obtained by means of the jack-screws 7, which may be turned to slide the Wheels of the rear truck sidewise on their flanges, the latter being made broad for this purpose.

sides in the combination with the revoluble head and drill-cylinder, of means for drilling parallel or concentric channels, and means for crushing down the ribs between the channels, thereby avoiding cutting or chiseling oil the entire face of the rock. Referr-ing to Figs. 6 and 7, I have shown a plurality of rock- drills 57, 58, havingcln'eel faces and mounted on the drill-head arms 13 at diametricallyfopposite points, and so po- An importantl feature of my inventionresitioned radially as to cut a channel of less diameter than that of the finished tunnel. In cooperative relation with these drills, hammers .59 and 60 are mounted on the drillhead and are so positioned relativel to the center of the head and to the drills t at they operate on the rock on each. side of the channel formed by the drills to break down the rock weakened by the channeling operation. With a view of gaging the diameter of the tunnel, Ipreferably'provide the drill-head with oiset drills 61, which, by means of an elbow bend inthe drive-rod of the drill cylinder, or in the drill itself a peripheral groove is made in the rock always advanci with uniform diameter and leaving behin a practically true surface. I preferablyfollow up the operation of the gage drills by the action of other drill; adapted to give an outwardl inclined blow to the face of the rock in't e vicinity of this channel, and t0 this end Imount on arms 413 inthe rear of the advancing gage-drills one or more rockdrills similar to drills 57 and 58 already described, but having their blows directed outward b f' adjustment of the drill cylinder 25. The o set gage-drill determines the diameter of the tunnel and permits of the more advantageous use of the peripheral and outwardly directed drills without danger of advancing them into the adjoining rock beyond the predetermined diameter ofthe tunnel.

I do not desire to be limited to the kind or number of drills and hammers mounted on the head, as it is obvious that they may be varied for different kinds of work, provided that the drills and hammers copera-te in the manner described..

The operation of the machine as thus far described is as follows: Assuming that theV` tunneling machine rests on its rails in front of the rock face to be tunn'eled, shaft 2 is brought into alinement with the axis of the tunnel by manipulating the front and rear leveling screws 50 and 55, respectively, and j ackscrews 7 a, 7*, which latter acting against the wall of the tunnel and block 7 mounted on shaft 2, hold the machine against lateral displacement. lVith the shaft 2 in the desired position, compressed air or other duid is admitted to power- cylinders 8, 8,v by ma nipulating le'ver 45 controlling the supply and exhaust valves associated with the cylinders, whereupon the piston rods 9, 9, advance shaft 2 and with it the carriage supporting the shaft whereby the machine 1s moved into drilling position, and is held therein against the resistance of the jacks 7, 7*, and yoke 4. The drill cylinders 25 mounted on their clamp bars 26 are radially adjusted to the desired angles by turning their respective adjusting screws 33. The gagedrills at the extremities of the radial arms are adjusted to give a rectilinear blow parallel with the axis of the tunnel. The drills which I locate intermediate the gage drills and substantiallyin the same circumference as the latter are preferably radially and outwardly inclined, as clearly ap ars in Fig. 1. The remaining drills whic are designed to cut channels in the central areas of the breast of the tunnel I may, and preferably do, incline radially to undercut one side of the channels, though the may be directed parallel to the axis of t e tunnel. The hammers are so located on the arms of the head that they are capable of directing blows on 'the ridgesbetween the channels formed by their associated drills. The ham mer cylinders are preferably inclined in a radial direction to give a slightly slanting lblow onthe ridges. Ha now alined the shaft of the` tunneling mnfrine tobe coing..

cident with the axis of the tunnel, and having positioned the drills and hammers for coperation, compressed air is admitted to supply pipe 16 which supplies the individual drill cylinder 25. This air is preferably heated as it enters supply pipe 16 and to this end I have shown an electric heating coil 46 surrounding the inlet end of the pipe. Any other means of heating may however be employed for this purpose. Water is also admitted into the space between the outer casing 2 and inner tube 22 through a suitable inlet and is delivered on the face 0f the rock. through perforated arms 14 for the purposel of allaying dust, 4cooling the tools and cleaning the surface of the rock.'-`

The operator starts the. drills and hammers into action by manipulating theair-valves to the cylinders 25 in the usual manner, and

applies power to the main shaft to cause its f rotation by starting engine 11, which acts on the large driving gear 12, through a train of gears previously described. As the head 1 revolves, the outline of the tunnel is deter mined by the circular groove cut in the breast or face of the tunnel by gage-drills 61. The rock just within this limiting channel is cutawa by the outwardly directed blows of the drills which follow. The depth to which the latter drills cut into the rock is determined by the channel cut by the gage drills, and is therefore uniform. The walls of the tunnel as they are left-by the gage drills are smooth and require no trimming to make the surface regular. A second channel is shown in Figs. 1 and 6, within and concentric with the first, which is produced by the action of drills 57 and 58. This channel referabl progresses axially somewhat in. vanee o the outer channel to compensate for the diiference in rigidity of the arms 13, 14, near their attachment to the shaft 2, as comparedA with that near their extremities, thereby better distributing the work on the head. Finally the hammers 59 and 60 by their battering action in the rock already weakened b formation of the channels reduces the projecting ridges to the level of the bottom of the channels. As the rock cross steel. This combination is very effectivein breaking down very hard rock.

Another important feature of my invention resides in the means for removing conunuously theaock, or` much,. as it isoften horses? Referring to nFigs. l end treclr on which the wheels l refereblyy secure to e i msec of heevy iron plates with the curved shape loit nis door entends es for es possihto the iront of the tunneling meclno fl en the worlr of drilling 1s begun,

.nd on l y.is for-*verd portion of the floor l piece srnuclr-sliovel 62, preferably of heevy steel end curved to conform to the oor 56. The-length othis shovelpis sufficient to extentn vthe :iront end of the carriage 5 to neer thezbrcest o the tunnel 'when the machine is in operative position. For the surprise of reciprocating the shovel and to it the desired acceleration in its tonnel-:fro movements, it is connected to driving ineens such es the piston 63 of en engine 6e, by o rigid bsl 65 which is bolted or otherwise secured to the shovel. lhe chsrsctor or thereoiprocstine' movements imported to this shovel determine primarily its peculiar sdvontsgcs.

in iiigs. Li, 5, 9,10 ond l1, I have illustretcd pneumatic means for securing the movement referred to, but other mesns muy hc employed such 4es cem-actuating Ineens. 66 is u power cylinder provided with ,s .piston, the movement of which is transmitted to shovel 62 by means of'e. power-trcnsmit-V ting rod 63. The cylinder 66 is provided with s uid inlet chest 67 and an exhaust chest 68. Within chest 67 is s quick acting slide volvo 69 adopted to alternutelybring into communication en exhaust portfO -inv cylinder 66 with ports 71 and 72 therein.-

'io secure rapid shifting oi valve 69 its valve rod 73 is Inode of considerable length with its outer end supported in a lugqor projection Tf1 on s ber forming a srt of c, freine 74e for supnorting the -vcrious perte o the shovel driving mechcnism* The end of valve-rod 76 is provided with n stop member T5 limiting the inward traverse or" the volvo. liest to rod 73 ure two abutment rings 76, 77, secured thereon in adjustable position by clamping screws. A sleeve 78 loose on rod separates two springs 'i9 und f S6 end is provided with un arm 8l adapt :d

to he clamped 'lest to the piston-rod G3. ri"his rod is orovided with a lug 82 in which. the end of c second vulve stem 83 is secured und exhaust vulve 8e in chest 68. Valve stom 76 is also provided with e loching ineens such es plete 85 having thereon tno notches 86 und 87 :for receiving e springlctch 8S hei/ing s rearwardly extending crm to be tripped by a tsppet q *f `mounted on piston rod 63. A second tsppet f? is also mounted on piston red 63 to trip ch. erm 89mm the return stroke o the n. The soeces oni opposite side oif the :on in cylinder 66communicate by oescndflinthe ,wells-Toi! the eosin@ with the valve chest 67, und by means of valve 69 with exhaust passage 70 leading into the exhaust chest 68. The outlet opening of exhaust passage 70 is in the form of s narrow slot 92, Figs. 5 and 1l. Diametricelly opposite slot 92 is o narrow passage 94C either in the wall of casing 68 or in s sleeve 97 communicating with the exhaust port 95, seid passage being opened and closed by the reciprocating movement of solid piston 84s.

The ogeretion of the mucker thus fer described is as follows: yWith the arts in oosition shown in Fic'. 9, the shove 62 hes een sent into advanced position by a previous'forwsrd movement of piston rod 63, end it is on the point of storting bock, et which time the shovel receives a slowly uceelereting rearward movement for the purpose of permitting the muck on the shovel talrino up the motion of the latter. As the shovel retreats its movement it is accelerated und then suddenly stopped, permitting the muclr losd to continue rearward by its own momentum und then removed by n traveling Currier while the shovel is iven a sudden impetus forward into the pi e of muck and shoved down near the end of its cdvence by action of the driving means. Before however piston rod 63 reaches the end of its outward stroke teppet 90 engages end raises latch 88, thereby releasing previously comressed spring 8O which shoots valve stem 73 lorward into position or notch 86 to receive latch 88 and lock valve stem 7 3 in advanced position durinfr the rearward stroke of piston rod 63. lilve 69 in valve chest 67 will then have the position shown in Fie. i during the time the piston in ower cylinder 66 is moving from right to et in the gure. Com ressed yoir entering chest 67 through sup y pige 9.6,pesses'hy way of passage 72 to t ie rig t side of the piston Fig. d, or the left side :is viewed from the rear, as shown in Fig.- 5. Asthe piston retreats it expels the exhaust cir through passage 7l into pnssuge 7G and by wey of the gradually oportuno slit 92 into the chest 68 and thence through slit 94 and port 95. rEhe rapidity of movement of the piston rod 63 and muckshovel 62 is therefore governed by the exhuust vulve Se which controls the exhaust from cylinder 66. The piston begins its return movement slowly because the exhaust valve 8e nearly closes the exhaust port 92. Further movement of the piston in cylinder 66, together with that of piston valve 84, gradually uncovers the exhaust port 92, permitting more rapid escupe of air in the power c linder and effecting increased speed of the piston rod 63 with its shovel 62.

The speed of the shovel on its rearward trip is accelerated up to the end of the beck stroke. luring; this period spring 79 hss been compressed by the rearward move- I w L en r rf leo eenieiene ententlto'eozne Wiehl inf times-lion: of hief-leeI on wcontmnoes arredi-wie?? iis lloedaend 'repent-the oycle Iof Fonsehore-deeerilred:

lefnwinolsize-olhe exhaust port: fiorI urher'i'm-ryi ltlie-clrnraetee or the moveor elif meek# shovel; 97A isny sleeveI isgir? 'Wiehim ehey exhaust casing 'GSW endl 'prow fr Wiitwo dinmeericelly positioned' y s' ofi serews =98 99,'v'eurningwin"threaded openinfein ehe Well bowing; their end s'eresting inef tangential* eh'oelders'ut in the wall of ".sleeve- 97, the# peeiee diree'one=toregu ate the eine' o't 1e The muck shovel @brings the-muoio Well to-he'rearef' the drilfh'ead Where it'ie' scraped el? by n traveling conveyor 97 provided Wih blames-101. This eonvejyer- 1' lieo f any* approved form, though #prefer the -oneherein'shown and described,-

wh'iolr consiss of twol endlesssproelr'eti chains 98' running/around sprocket wheels 162 mo-uned'fonthe-frames ai; its irenrend" indizione, eroundsproelet'wheels mount-- fed onfan iaxle li-hlarngzjljeerln'gs -m arms 10.5 which; eee lnngedltof'dependmg hraclrete ehgg* prejeerloeef leerme'y normes? the' ermsf- 1655 Semper blades 1011 ere= secured bet-Ween the cire-ins, end: one 1 or more' guide Wheels'xV 199' arey mounted on th'elframe to direct the chains. l/lovement'is-giventlie endleSschein-s by means-fof en'engine- 1107@ which drvesfzi'fgeer 111 meshing4- with nx large gear 112,l vwlriel'x'letter 'drives sprocketwheel '102 through-'n chain' 113' and 'sproekeeL wheel -llfest to the shefa'enrrying spfrocke wheellOQ. le tliebledeslOl are cnrriedbyj 535;; the chains' downN unrl'nronndf'theiforward' sprocket,l wheele- 103 heyscrape' thenm'elz from shovellGQont-ooor' 56 orr-\'1hichr also'A the rear portion' of the* shovel G2 slides.- Enehmnssfof `muck delivered thus; to lthe 3gcnrrier" is worked ibeclr on the smoothv iron floor 56 'and delivered to -a=be1t-'115 or 'other' menne wherebyrl itf may be delivered ontl` off, tlxe-tunnel. Shouldiperchenee Athe blade of the-travelingconveyor meet an obstruction-'35' in the shovel too large for 'itto readily peser underthe fron-, sprocket-wheels 103, thelntbterwill be lift'ed'toelenr theobstruetion; sincethe shaft 104 on Whielrthfesewh'eelsere-fmounted has bearings in nrms- 105 hingedlto a fixed part-of theme-wiege' frame. Stoppnge o1- thelconveyer' is -thus 'prevented'.l Thefofei'niionoff removing the mnck-l debris xwi lbereadily-'understood from what has' z'eceded. The shovel- (32;rnninlyreste-gig' on l tne smooth iron door of l thel tunnel and l therefore isreadilyI slid beek ande forthl whilo'its forward pero hues-the ground I or roede-bottomv` oi* the tonne The ouiwerdk strokeA of the; drive" rod 63'- ndrenees 'theqggshovel to die worknitlr irst" e 'rapid movement in the neuere oiw quicio shove which'.

cmisesflitto enter elr'e miroir'- nnd thenthe driverod rnpidly'elowsclown itsimovernenff and Isto esthe 2shovel) @n reversevmovement 1015 oflthe rive-rodbfth'e shovel is slowlyl Wil-hf drawn from l theA pile for an fruetion'f effi-he pistonfstroke and asthe blond 'of muckz tfk'es up #the movemenlfofwhei shovel themomentum ofithefwholefis inerensed'lto its muni; '31o mum' atthe end fothe triwersefothex shovel where-the' letter is' brolrfght'to a'fsliar 'stared1 still endl again shoe'- ieiwvurd'i1 Th ln'ruelrl however, .by reason lof itsmwn momentum;

continues to rear', more readily 'siidingoverflle' the shovel' furthe latten moveslin; the` oppo SiredireCtir, und iis eangheiundee thelilades 1G11 off' thex conve-yen whiclr'- force it' to -theA rear on ehesmootlrl ironJ fiom-"56;" This fop'- eration ofi muckl removal yis continwms mndl 12o effective.Y The parte 'o'tlnedevce are1ead ilyV assembled f forvpurposew 01E cleaning, rel movnl ofi obstruct-ions; end ofx making re pairs; while it is eixnpleand ch'eapimeon struction.'

f portions of rock so weakened.

2. In a rock-drilling machine, the combination of a revoluble head, a drill and a 'hammer mounted on said head, and means 'for operating said tools during the revolution of said head to cut a channelin rock and batter down the rock so weakened.

3. In a rock-drilling machine, the combination of a revoluble head, a drill and a hammer mounted on said head, and means for simultaneously operating said tools to cut a channel in rock and to batter lclown the portions 'of rock so weakened.

4. In a rock-drilling machine, the combination of a revoluble head, a drill and a hammer mounted on said head and ada ted -to revolve togetherv with said head, adjust-- ing means for said drills and hammers in planes passing through the axis of Yrotation of said head, and means for operating said tools during the rotation of Said head to out a channel 1n rock and to batter down the portions of rock so weakened. A 5. In arock-drilling machine, the combination of a `revoluble head, a drill and a hammer supported on said .head and means for simultaneously operating said tools during the revolution of said -head to out a channel in rock and batter down the portions of the rock'so weakened.

6. In a rock-drilling machine,the combination of a revoluble head, a plurality of `drills and a plurality of hammers, mounted on said head andmeans for Yoperating said tools during the revolution of said head to l cuta plurality of channels in rock and batter down the portions of rock lso weakened.

7 In a rock-drilling machine, the combination- .of a revoluble head, a plurality of drills and a plurality of hammers mounted on said head and means for simultaneously operating said tools during the revolution o said head to c ut a plurality of channels in rock and batter down the portions of rock so weakened.

nation of a revoluble i portions of rock so weakened.

9'. In a rock drilling machine, the combinationofa revoluble tubular shaftY rovided with a head having a plurality o tubular arms fast thereto, pneumatic drills and Y Witnesses:

pneumatic hammers Vmounted on said arms, a compressed air supply pipewithin said shaft having communication with certain of said arms for supplying compressed air to said pneumatic tools, a jacket' around said air pipe tov form a dead air space around the latter, the annular space between said jacket and the walls of said shaft being in open communication with others of said tubular arms and with a water. supply, said last named arms having openings for discharge of streams of water against the face of the rock, and means for heating said air supply pipe.

In a tunneling machine, the combination'of a rotary cutting mechanism comprising devices .for cutting a plurality of annular grooves in the forward face of the tunnel, and meansv arranged to automatically operate simultaneously with the cutting mechanism at points in a plane behind the bottoms of the grooves to break down the material between the grooves.` v

l1. In a tunneling machine, the combination of a rotary cutting mechanism comprising a plurality of reciprocatory cutting devices arranged to form a plurality of annu'- lar grooves in the forward face of the tunnel, and means arranged to automatically operate simultaneously with the cutting mechanism at points in. a" plane behind the bottoms of the grooves to break down the material between thegrooves.

12. In a tunneling machine, a rotary cutting mechanism comprising a plurahty of Y cutters arranged to form a plurality of annular grooves in the forward face of the tunnel, and a plurality of reciprocatory tools operable simultaneously with the said cutters and arranged to engage the forward face of the tunnel between the said grooves in a plane behind the bottoms of the grooves.

13. In a tunneling machine, a rotary cutting mechanism comprising two grou s of simultaneusly acting reciprocatory roc engaging tools, those of one group being arranged to operate in a plane in advance of those vof the other group, the' tools of the rst group being arranged to cut a plurality los of annulargrooves 1n the forward face of the tunnel, and those of the second group being arranged to engage and break the material between the said grooves.

In'testimony whereof I have signed-this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.vr

NORMAN EBBLEY.

LILLm Hamme, MARY A. Woon'H Y

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