US1074249A - Manufacture of ingots. - Google Patents

Description

W. H. GONNELL MANUFACTURE OF INGOTS. AP'PLIOATION.-IILED NOV. 1; i912 Patented Sept. 30, 1913.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

WITNESSES:

W. H. CONNELL.

MANUFACTURE OF INGOTS. APPLICATION FILED nov. 1, 1912.

Patented Sept. 30, 1913..

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

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WITNESSES:

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, through orifices in the bottoms of the ladles WILLIAM H. CONNELL, 0F PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA.

MANUFACTURE OF INGQTS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 30, 1913.

Application filed November 1, 1912. Serial No. 729,083.

To all whom z't-may concern:

Be it known that LNVILLIAM H. Con- NnLL, residing at Pittsburgh, in'the county of Allegheny and Stateof Pennsylvania, a citizen of the United States, have invented or dis'covered certain new and useful Improvementsin the Manufacture of Ingots, of which improvements the following is a specification.

The invention descrlbed herein relates to "the teeming of metal into ingots, especially with relation to the formation of compound ingots; z. 6., ingots having portions formed of different kinds and grades of metal, and the said portions meeting in flows in opposite directions and merging one into the other, both metals being simultaneously teemed into the mold. In simultaneously teeming the metals into the mold from ladles at considerable distances above the mold,

and with considerable depth of metals in the ladles, the momentum acquired by the metals falling under these conditions pro-- duces, when the metals meet in the mold flowing in opposite directions, much agitation and broaden and render irregular the zone of merger which it is desired shall be vertical and of small lateral area, in order that large portions of the ingot shall be the same in quality as the metal in the ladle from which the respective portions are ipoured.

This invention has for its object the reduction of'the forces causing agitation in the metal flowing into the ingot mold, the better maintenance of the independence of the several kinds of metal in the ingot and the pro-portioning of the quantities-of the different kinds of metal.

The invention is hereinafter more fully described and claimed. I In the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification, Figure l is' a view partly in elevation and partly in section of my improved teeming apparatus, and Fig. 2 is a top plan view partly in section showing myimproved distributor in position on a mold.

In the practice of my inventionII employ a receptacle 1 lined with refractory electric non-conducting material as fire clay, and provided with laterally projecting 1 "flanges 2 adapted to rest on the top of the -mold 3 during the teeming operation. This receptacle, Hereinafter termed a distributer is provided with a plurality oI outlets arranged at dlfi erent points around the receptacle the spacing of the outlets being dependent upon the desired distribution of metal in the mold.

The embodiment ofthe invention shown herein is designed for teeming metals into molds having a configuration substantially oblong in cross-section and especially adapted for the manufacture of rails. In form- .ing the ingot it is desired that the portion from which the head of the rail will be rolled, should be formed of a kind or grade of metal best adapted to resist the destructive action of the wheels while the other portion of the ingot from which the web and flanges are rolled should contain metal distinguished by its toughness and ductility. Generally somewhat more than one third of a rail bloom goes to form the head and the remainder to form the web and flanges, of the rail, and hence the distrihuter is provided in the present case with three outlets, two of them, 4 and 5, being so arranged as to direct streams tcward adjacent corners of the mold while the third outlet 6 is arranged diametrically opposite a point midway between the other two, and will direct the metal flowing therefrom toward the opposite end of the mold. The distributor receives metal having the characteristics desired in the web and flange cf the rail from a ladle and in order to give the metal which is to form the head of the rail the desired qualities an alloying metal is caused to intermingle with the metal flowing from the outlet 6. The outleto is made of such a size that the metal flowing therefrom and from the alloying receptacle into the mold, will be approximately one third of the combined volumes of all the streams flowing into the mold. It will be observed that the several streams enter .the mold at points .widely separated, and that the two kinds or grades of metal flow from the opposite portions of the moldtoward each other. As the volume of unalloyed metal is greater than that of the alloyed the zone'in which the two bodies meet and merge, will not be midway of the ingot but will be nearer the end at which the alloyed metal enters.

The alloying metal is contained in a receptacle 7 in which the metal may be melted if desired. This receptacle is provided with rockers 8 resting on rollers 9, which are arranged along a curved bed 10 formed on the truck 11. A spout 12 extends laterally from the receptacle so as to overhang the mold and at its outer end the spout is provide with a; basin 13 havingin its bottom a discharge opening 14. In order that theportion of the ingot which is rolled into and forms the head of the rail shall be of the desired quality and composition a certain redetermined relation between the areas of outlet 6 of'the distributer and the outlet in the basin 13 conveying the metal for the head should be maintained.

In order that the alloying metal may intermingle with the stream of metal from outlet 6 of the distributer 1, and thereby insure a thorough intermingling of these metals before they become incorporated with the metal in the mold a certain predetermined relationbetween the distributer and the receptacle for the alloy should be maintained. -A desirable construction to that end, consists of arms 15 pivotally mounted on trunnions16 on sides of the alloy recep 'acle 7 and having notches at one end engaging trunnions 17 on the distributer. The opposite ends of these arms are provided with Weights nearly counter-balancing the distributer. In addition to maintaining the desired relation between the alloy receptacle 7 and the distributer, the described construction afiords a convenient means for moving the distributer to and from operative relation to the mold.

In order that the metal may not be chilled sufiiciently to retard its flow-and collect in the distributer especially at the outlets, pro vision is made for heating so much of the internal wall of the distributer as may be necessary for that purpose. 'While not limiting the invention as regards the extent of .the heating means, it is believed that by incorporating an electrical resistance 18 in the bottom 0 the distributer 1 the metal therein and flowing therethrough can be maintained at the desired temperature.

It will. be observed that the outlets from the distributer'are arranged above the bot- 'ceptacles tom of the latter, and hence metal when first poured into the distributer will not splash out against the walls of the mold and form cold shots. And further as the outlets are in the same horizontal plane, the metal will flow simultaneously and in proper volumes.

I claim herein as my invention:

1. In an apparatus for teeming metal into a mold, the combination of a receptacle or distributer havinga plurality of outlets, and means for heating the inner surface of such receptacle or distributer to a temperature substantially that of the molten metal.

2. In an apparatus for teeming metal into a mold, the combination ofa receptacle or distributer having a plurality of outlets for distributing metal to diflerent points-in the mold, a second receptacle for pouring metal into one of the streams flowing into the mold, and means for maintaining said receptacles in proper relation to each other during the charging of the mold.

3. In an apparatus for teeming into a mold, the combination of a receptacle having a plurality of outlets for distributing metal to different points in the'mold, a second receptacle for pouring metal into one of the streams flowing into the mold, and means for connecting said receptacles while permitting their independent movements, in vertical planes.

4. An apparatus for teeming metalinto a mold, the combination of two movable receptacles for molten metal, one of said rehaving a plurality of outlets, arms pivotally mounted on opposite sides of one of said receptacles and provided with means for engaging the second receptacle, and means for counter-balancing the supported receptacle.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand.

WILLIAMI-I. CONNELL. Witnesses:

C. T. CLAGK, F. E.'W 1.EY.

metals;

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