US1073314A - Incubator. - Google Patents

Description

E. W. ANDREWS.

INGUBATO R. APPLIGATIOI-T FILED OCT. 21, 1911. 1,073,314. Patented Sept. 16, 1913. 2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

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E. W. ANDREWS.

INOUBATOR.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 21, 1911.'

1,073,314. v Patented Sept. 16,1913.

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EDWIN W'. ANDREWS, OF .BUFFLLLG, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO JOHN JEPSON AND U. ANDREWS, TRUSTEES, BOTH OF BUFFALO, NEW YORK.

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Be it known that l, EDWIN 1V. ANDREWS, a citizen ofthe United States, residing at Buffalo, in the county of Erie and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Incubator, of which the following is a specification.

My i vention relates to incubators.

The objects of this invention are to provide improved means for regulating the heat and moisture which are supplied to the incubating chamber. 7

These several features will be evident from the following specification and the accompanying drawings, in which,

Figure 1 is a front elevation; Fig. 2 is a longitudinal central section; Fig. 3 is a plan of the water and air circulation; Fig. 4t is an enlarged section of my heater and lamp burner; Fig. 5 is a section on the line a3m of Fig. 1; Fig. 6 is a plan of my lamp burner on an enlarged scale, showing the flamecontrol apparatus; Fig. 7 is a detail in plan of my egg-tray; and Fig. 8 is asection on the line y-y of Fig. 7. i

Water cir0uZatz'0n-.-In this type of apparatus the heating of the incubator chamber is eilected by hot water circulation. Referring to Figs. 1 to 1, 1 is a water heater hereafter more fully described. From near the top of this heater a pipe 2 leads to a pipe 3, which leads to the parallel pipes 4 and 5, which lead to the closed ieating tray 6, which leads to the parallel pipes 7 and S, which lead to the pipe 9, which leads to the 7 parallel pipes 10 and 11, which lead to the heating tray 12, which leads to the parallel pipes 13 and 14, which leac. to the pipe 15, which leads to the pipe 16, which passes downwardly and enters the heater 1 near the bottom, as shown in Fig. 2. It will be seen thatthe piping is disposed near the top of the chamber and adjacent to the inner.

upper angles. This arrangement secures the most uniform heating of the chamber.

Air circulation.Adj acent to both ends of the chamber are air flues 17, 18, 19,20, 21, 22. The flue 17 is an air heating others are ventilating fluesf Air enters the fine 171 mm atmosphere through holes 23, is heated by the pipes 2 and 16 which pass through this flue, and passes into the chamber through holes 24 near the top of the flue, Each of the tines 18, 19, 20, 21, 22has holes 25 near th e bottom leading from the Specification of Letters Patent.

the heating pipes.

the tray,

Patented Sept. it, 1913.

Application filed Qctober 21, 1911. Serial No. 655,885.

incubating chamber, as clearly shown with reference to the flue 21 in Fig. 2; and holes near the tops of these flues permit the foul air to passout. It will thus be seen that fresh air is taken in, warmed and discharged into the upper part of. the chamber, where it is rapidly disseminated by the action of The foul air, on the other land, is drawn oil at the bottom of the chamber from several dilierent points by separate lines, thus insuring a uniform purity of air in the brooding area or" the chamber.

Thermostat 27c con-troZ.-My improved thermostatic device is shown in Fig. 2. It comprises a bell-crank lever 27, pivoted to a bracketbearing 28 secured to one wall of the chamber. To the short arm of this lever 27 is secured a rod which is made of a metal having a large coefficient of expansion, and which passes out through the opposite walls and is provided with an adjusting-nut 30. Pivoted to the long arm of the lever 27 is a rod 31. The upper end of this rod is adjustably secured to a bar 32, which iscentrally pivoted to the top of the incubator. One end of this bar 32 is adjustably connected to a rod 3% which, at its other end, is connected to the lamp control device presently described. The opposite or inner end of the bar 32 connects with a rod which governs the moisture regulator, also presently described, It will be seen that the weight of the long arm of the bell-crank lever tends to hold the parts in the closed position, that is, the position in which the minimum heat is applied and the minimum moisture supplied; and it will be seen that I depend entirely upon the gravity action of the bell-cranklever and the expansion and contraction of the thermostatic rod, thus dispensing with all springs or weights.

Moisture reg alet0r.-EXperience ext-ending over a period of nearly thirty years has taught me that, in the incubation process, the maximum of heat requires the maximum of moisture supply; that as the temperature rises the moisture should be increased, and vice versa. To secure proper supply and control of moisture has been a ditlicult problem, and is an important feature of my present invention. 'Fieferring to Figs. 2 and 3, within the heating tray 12 is a metal cylinder 36, secured water tight to the bottom of and open at both endsthe upper end being above the water level and the lower end extending slightly below the bottom of the tray 12. Steam generated in the tray 12 may, therefore, pass down through the cylinder 36 into the incubating chamber. A rod adjustably secured to the inner arm of the bar 32 passes down through the top of the incubator and through the cylinder 36. Secured to its lower end is a disk 37 of the proper size to cover the lower end of the cylinder 36. lVhen thermostatic action rocks the bar 32, the disk 31 is lowered away from or raised toward the cylinder 36, thus regulating the volume of steam passing from the tray into the chamber directly with the variation in temperature.

Lamp flame gooemmcnt.-Referring especially to Figs. 4 and 6, my improvement in lamp flame governing device consists of a metal sleeve 38 which fits freely over the wick-tube of the burner. Secured to the opposite rounded sides of the sleeve 38 are ears 39. A wire 40 is pivotally connected to the rod 34 (see Figs. 1 and 2), is bent at right angles at 41 (Fig. 6), passes through the flange of the burner at the rear of the wick-tube, then is bent forward at right angles and passes through one of the cars 39, then is bent at right angles to lie parallel to, but clear of, the sides of the sleeve 38, then bent at right angles to pass through the second ear 39, then bent at right angles to pass through the flange of the burner When the rod 34 is raised by thermostatic action, this wire will lift the sleeve 38 by the ears 39 and raise it above the wicktube. This has the same effect upon the flame as turning the wick down. Reverse action lowers the sleeve and increases the flame.

Heating device-Referring to Figs. 2, 4 and 5, my improved heating device comprises a water-containing chamber 1 with which the pipes 2 and 16 connect. This chamber is provided with an opening at the top for filling and with a cap. Extending upwardly within the water chamber is the lamp chimney 43. This extends to a point near the top of the water chamber, but below the water level, is closed atthe top, and adjacent to its top are two lines 44, 45, which pass through the water chamber and open to atmosphere. This construction secures large economy of fuel, and prevents undue heating of the chimney or burner.

E gg tray improvement-The egg tray shown in Figs. 7 and 8 is, in general, the ordinary construction-consisting of a frame, division strips 46 and wire screen 47. But heretofore it has been necessary to leave one division open in part (and without eggs,

of course) in order that the chicks may drop down into the brooder area of the chamber.

This necessarily decreased the egg capacity of the tray by the amount of such opening. In any setting of eggs a small number willbe found sterile, and will be removed from time to tinie-generally a number equal to the space heretofore left for-.anopening for the chicks. My improvement consists of'a thin wood slide 48 which formsafiooring for a part of one section of the tray. This 7 slide lies just below the plane ofthe wire screen 47, and slides in slots in the cleats .49,

as clearly shown in Fig. 8. The wire screen is cut away over this slide. The tray is entirely filled with eggs, including the area of the slide 48. as. the incubation process goes onand sterile eggs are found and removed, those resting upon the slide 48 are removed to the places made vacant by the sterile eggs; so that, by the time the hatching period arrives, the slide 48 may be moved back under the wire, thus providing an openingfor the chicks to go down into the brooder area. This improvement gives a substantial increase of egg capacity in any given tray.

Having thus described my invention, 7

what I claim is 1. An incubator comprising an incubating chamber, a hot water heat-ing system having a conduit arranged in the incubating chamber and provided in the upper part of its vapor space with a vent adapted to place the interior of said conduit in communication with the interior of the incubating chamber, a movable cover for said vent, a thermostat arranged in the. incubating chamber, and means operatively connecting the thermostat with said cover so asto openthe vent as the temperature rises and to close the vent as the temperature drops. 7

2. An incubator comprising an incubating chamber, a hot water circulation system having a tray and a vent in saidtray for emitting moisture into said chamber, a cover 7 for said vent, a thermostat comprising a bell-crank lever pivoted on one part of said chamber, an expansible rod pivoted to one arm of said lever and adjustably mounted on another part of said chamber, a bar pivoted on the upper part of said chamber, a

rod connecting said bar with the other armof said bell-crank lever, a heating device, means for controlling said heating device comprising a rod connectingwith said bar,

and a rod connecting said cover with said r thermostat for opening and closing said vent. I

In testlmonywhereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presenceof two witnesses.

. EDWIN W. ANDREWS.

Witnesses: 7

B. A. ARNOLD, Jr., JAMES R. Moons.

copies of this Patent y be Obtained for five cents each, by addressies the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. G." l

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